the roman empire creation of empire. julius caesar factions develop in rome caesar is consul and...
TRANSCRIPT
Caesar defeats Gaul• Troops swear loyalty to the great leader
• Pompey gains power and orders Caesar to disband and return to Rome
King?• Caesar breaks Roman law and marches
an army across the Rubicon River
• Defeats Pompey
• 44 BCE – named dictator for life
Caesar’s Reign
• Citizenship to the conquered
• Places allies in the Senate
• Creates public jobs for the poor
• Ruled as a tyrant!– Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius assassinate
him outside of the Senate (Tarquin)
A Vast and Powerful Empire
• Augustus is respected for the following:– Expanded to empire– Defeating many tribes and rivals– Starting amazing building projects
• He also created:– Grain allowances– Postal Service
PAX ROMANA• 3 Million square miles
• 60-80 million Romans
• 90% of economy is based on agriculture
• People and ideas move along trade routes cultural diffusion!
ROMAN ACHEIVEMENTS
• Read your topic and record information into the graphic organizer
• 2 duos partner and discuss (adjust/amend information)
• Create a poster that contains the following:
1.What was it like before/problems
2.What is it? What did it do? Why was it helpful/important?
3.What in America is this similar to?
The Fall of Rome
• Pax Romana ends with Marcus Aurelius (AD 161-180)
• Attacks by rival tribes
• No new resources
• Inflation increases due to high taxes
• Civil War, bankruptcy, divisions
Constantine
• Moves Eastern capital to Constantinople (Byzantium)– Weakens the empire
• Legalizes Christianity– Weakens the customs of
Rome, division
The Fall of the West
• Germanic invaders
• Barbarians (Goths, Visigoths, Vandals)– 410 AD (Goths sack Rome)
• Attila the Hun and the Mongolian raiders– Conquer the empire (444 & 452)
Reasons for FallPolitical Social Economic Military
Government is a burden
Lack of interest and confidence
Poor harvests Low funding for military
Military overtone Disloyalty & corruption
Threats to trade Barbarians
Civil War Rich vs. Poor No war plunder Lack of pride
Division of empire
Food shortages Inflation Less recruits
Moving the capital
Disease High tax burden
Rich vs. Poor
Primary Sources
• Primary Sources– Produced by eyewitnesses to events– Examples: Diaries, Letters, Interviews,
Autobiographies, Artifacts, & Paintings
• Convey personal experiences: Often give an emotion & opinion
Secondary Sources• Use information gathered from
others
• Examples: Textbooks & Biographies
• Help to understand events in a larger context
Analyzing Sources
• Determine the reliability– P: Author & when written (right after the
event or much later)– S: Good documentation (sources cited)
• Evaluate for bias– Example: