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The saga of SAGA. After increased number of traffic accidents and casualties in the year 2000, four young entrepreneurs took the problem into their own hands. They are: • Toti Gunnarsson • Vilhjalmur Einarsson • Sigurjon Oskarsson • Gudmundur Sigurdsson The outcome is : - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: The saga of SAGA
Page 2: The saga of SAGA

After increased number of traffic accidents and After increased number of traffic accidents and casualties in the year 2000, four young casualties in the year 2000, four young entrepreneurs took the problem into their own entrepreneurs took the problem into their own hands.hands.

They are:They are:• Toti Gunnarsson

• Vilhjalmur Einarsson

• Sigurjon Oskarsson

• Gudmundur Sigurdsson

The outcome isThe outcome is:

SAGA – a device to monitor driving habits.– a device to monitor driving habits.

The saga ofThe saga of SAGASAGA

www.nd.is

Page 3: The saga of SAGA

The Goals of New DevelopmentThe Goals of New Development

To promote better driving habits

To reduce accidents

To maintain your company’s good image

To dramatically scale down automotive operating costs

To improve the environment

www.nd.is

Page 4: The saga of SAGA

SAGASAGAA General DescriptionA General Description

• SAGA is a fully self-sufficient unit (apart from being connected to the vehicle’s 12v or 24v power supply via cigarette lighter plug, or hard-wire.)

• SAGA is secured to the top of the dashboard via Velcro or a suction cup.

• SAGA has an internal GPS receiver.

• After use, SAGA is removed from the vehicle and the unit’s telltale information is downloaded into a computer.

• A wireless option will be available end of summer 2003.

www.nd.is

Page 5: The saga of SAGA

What does it do?What does it do?

SAGA measures, lists and documents all principal elements of driving behaviour.

It logs:

• Speed (allowed speed intelligence).• Acceleration.• Deceleration.• Centripetal acceleration (indicates G-force in turns)

• Route travelled (displayed on a road map)

• Travelling time.• Position, time, date and duration of each stop.• Distance travelled (total and/or partial).

www.nd.is

Page 6: The saga of SAGA

Evidence is presented

in a summary reporting :

• Speeding

• Speed category

• Unwise acceleration

• Unsafe deceleration

• Unsafe G-force in turns

• Driving time

• Stops (number and duration)

• Distance

After data downloadAfter data download

SampleSample

www.nd.is

Page 7: The saga of SAGA

Detailed View of a Driving RecordDetailed View of a Driving Record

• Where did problematic driving occur?

• When did it occur?

• Violation category

• Route travelled

SampleSample

www.nd.is

Page 8: The saga of SAGA

Comparison of two vehiclesComparison of two vehicles

Car ACar A

Car BCar B

Page 9: The saga of SAGA

Comparison of two vehiclesComparison of two vehicles

Car BCar B

What is wrong?What is wrong?

Frequently speedingFrequently speeding To many unnecessary To many unnecessary

accelerationsaccelerations Quick decelerations are Quick decelerations are

to frequent.to frequent. To much G-force in turnsTo much G-force in turns

Car ACar AWhat is wrong?What is wrong?

Nothing, the driving Nothing, the driving behavior is acceptablebehavior is acceptable

Page 10: The saga of SAGA

Comparison of speedingComparison of speeding

Car BCar B

Car ACar A

The red marks shows The red marks shows where the speed has where the speed has gone 20 km/h over gone 20 km/h over legal limits.legal limits.

Page 11: The saga of SAGA

Comparison on accelerationComparison on acceleration

Car A Car A (20 spots)

Car B Car B (1.617 spots)

8080 fold difference !fold difference !

Here we have a huge Here we have a huge difference in difference in acceleration which acceleration which affects the fuel affects the fuel consumption. consumption.

Page 12: The saga of SAGA

ComparisonComparison on deceleration on deceleration

Decelerations are and Decelerations are and will always be a part will always be a part of city driving but six of city driving but six times difference times difference between two cars is between two cars is far too muchfar too much

6 6 fold difference fold difference !!

Car B Car B (61 spots)

Car A Car A (10 spots)

Page 13: The saga of SAGA

ComparisonComparison on G-force in turns on G-force in turns

To much G-force in To much G-force in turns decreases turns decreases controllability of the controllability of the vehicle and increases vehicle and increases the probability of the probability of accidents.accidents.

24 24 fold difference fold difference !!

Car A Car A (6 spots)

Car B Car B (145 spots)

Page 14: The saga of SAGA

ComparisonComparison summary summary

Please note, every Please note, every spot indicates an spot indicates an incident that incident that affects normal affects normal driving safety of driving safety of the the vehicle.vehicle.

50 50 fold difference fold difference !!

Car A Car A (36 spots)

Car B Car B (1.823 spots)

Page 15: The saga of SAGA

The yellow The yellow portions indicate portions indicate areas where the areas where the vehicle exceeded vehicle exceeded the speed limit the speed limit

and the blue line and the blue line shows route shows route

travelled.travelled.

www.nd.is

Page 16: The saga of SAGA

Vehicle SurveillanceVehicle Surveillance

Decreases fuel costs.Decreases fuel costs. Decreases all wear and tear.Decreases all wear and tear. Lowers maintenance costs.Lowers maintenance costs. Increases vehicle lifespan.Increases vehicle lifespan. Reduces collision risk. Reduces collision risk. Confirms trips and stops.Confirms trips and stops. Times every stop.Times every stop. Exposes vehicle use for personal matters during or after work hours.Exposes vehicle use for personal matters during or after work hours. Shows when employees start and stop work in the vehicle that day.Shows when employees start and stop work in the vehicle that day.

www.nd.is

Page 17: The saga of SAGA

Decreases average speeds.Decreases average speeds.

Promotes better driving habits.Promotes better driving habits.

Increases driver courtesy.Increases driver courtesy.

Eliminates reckless driving.Eliminates reckless driving.

Makes drivers comparable within a group.Makes drivers comparable within a group.

What does SAGA do to remedy What does SAGA do to remedy the traffic situation?the traffic situation?

www.nd.is

Page 18: The saga of SAGA

SAGA’s Potential MarketSAGA’s Potential Market

Which are SAGA’s main focus groups?Which are SAGA’s main focus groups? Companies and other establishments that Companies and other establishments that

operate vehicles or vehicle fleet:operate vehicles or vehicle fleet:• Delivery servicesDelivery services• Service agentsService agents• Bus companiesBus companies• Trucking firmsTrucking firms• Taxi companies Taxi companies • Car-hire companiesCar-hire companies• Numerous othersNumerous others

www.nd.is

Page 19: The saga of SAGA

““Iceland Post (Iceland’s official postal service) has been utilizing the SAGA product since mid-Iceland Post (Iceland’s official postal service) has been utilizing the SAGA product since mid-October 2001. Today we have SAGA in over 50 of our vehicles.October 2001. Today we have SAGA in over 50 of our vehicles.Using SAGA we have achieved a great reduction in accidents, speeding and big improvements Using SAGA we have achieved a great reduction in accidents, speeding and big improvements in driving behavior. In return we are receiving the economical benefits of this system in all in driving behavior. In return we are receiving the economical benefits of this system in all operational costs of the fleet, especially in fuel consumption. We have already taken and operational costs of the fleet, especially in fuel consumption. We have already taken and analyzed the accident statistics from last year in comparison to this year’s statistics between analyzed the accident statistics from last year in comparison to this year’s statistics between January and August. The success is phenomenal.January and August. The success is phenomenal.

  

56%56% Reduction in accident cost the company had to bear.Reduction in accident cost the company had to bear.

43%43% Reduction in the total number of accidents.Reduction in the total number of accidents.

51%51% Reduction in the number of accidents, where our employees are responsible.Reduction in the number of accidents, where our employees are responsible.  

We feel, that the arrival of the SAGA system and the supervision that came with it, does play a We feel, that the arrival of the SAGA system and the supervision that came with it, does play a large role in these achievements. In light of these achievements and the reduction of operational large role in these achievements. In light of these achievements and the reduction of operational costs, we see that the investment in the SAGA system was a smart choice that has been costs, we see that the investment in the SAGA system was a smart choice that has been refunded to the last penny. I would like to point out that there has also been a big change in the refunded to the last penny. I would like to point out that there has also been a big change in the image of the fleet and the company as a whole. This is something that is not easy to put a price image of the fleet and the company as a whole. This is something that is not easy to put a price tag on but is a very large bonus for the user of SAGA.”tag on but is a very large bonus for the user of SAGA.”

  Sigurdur JakobssonSigurdur JakobssonDivisional ManagerDivisional ManagerIceland PostIceland Post

SAGA ExperienceSAGA Experience

www.nd.is

Page 20: The saga of SAGA

“Öryggi bílstjóra og lægri rekstrarkostnaður bíla kallar á SAGA aksturssíritann”

- Íslandspóstur

Customer Customer commentscomments

“Fyrir Securitas er SAGA búnaðurinn bylting í eftirlitsbúnaði sem er hverrar krónu virði”

- Securitas

“Stórskemmtilegt verkfæri !Mikill árangur á skömmum tíma !”

- Öryggismiðstöðin

“Við erum í skýjunum yfir árangrinum !Þetta er EKKI skyndilausnheldur varanleg!”

- Pizza Hut

“Eftir nokkra mánaða notkun var SAGA búið að sanna tilveru sína, mun betri hegðan í umferðinni, betri meðferð bíla, sparnaður í rekstri og skemmtilega einfalt í notkun”

- Selecta

Page 21: The saga of SAGA

Centripetal acceleration measurements Centripetal acceleration measurements on the Icelandic road system 2002on the Icelandic road system 2002

Location:Location: Highway #1 Highway #1 (around Iceland)(around Iceland)

Page 22: The saga of SAGA

IntroductionIntroduction

After positive results in numerous statistical After positive results in numerous statistical applications based on experiences with the SAGA applications based on experiences with the SAGA system in Iceland, New Development ehf. applied system in Iceland, New Development ehf. applied for a research grant in the field of road analysis for a research grant in the field of road analysis

based on new techniques. based on new techniques.

In 2002, New Development ehf. was awarded a In 2002, New Development ehf. was awarded a research grant from the “Icelandic traffic safety research grant from the “Icelandic traffic safety research council” to plot out and report on the research council” to plot out and report on the most dangerous curves based on centripetal most dangerous curves based on centripetal

acceleration measurements.acceleration measurements.

Page 23: The saga of SAGA

ExampleExampleHere is a sample of a conclusion on one curve in the report. Here is a sample of a conclusion on one curve in the report.

This is one of the sharpest curves measured.This is one of the sharpest curves measured.

Measurements from this portion:Measurements from this portion: Centripetal acceleration (CA) measurements for this curve at 67 km/h: 7,1 m/sCentripetal acceleration (CA) measurements for this curve at 67 km/h: 7,1 m/s22 Textbook reference for max ”CA” for a normal car on a dry solid surface before slipping: 8 m/sTextbook reference for max ”CA” for a normal car on a dry solid surface before slipping: 8 m/s22

Our predetermined limit for entering a dangerous classification is: 4,5 m/sOur predetermined limit for entering a dangerous classification is: 4,5 m/s22

If this curve is driven at maximum legal speed If this curve is driven at maximum legal speed (90km/h)(90km/h) then ”CA” becomes: 12,5 m/s then ”CA” becomes: 12,5 m/s22

For a reference, 1G For a reference, 1G (G-force)(G-force) is: 9,81 m/s is: 9,81 m/s22

Recommended speed to be under the predetermined danger limit: Recommended speed to be under the predetermined danger limit: 54 km/h54 km/h

Page 24: The saga of SAGA

Additional informationAdditional information

In our conclusion we focused on issues In our conclusion we focused on issues like:like:

Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors• Large trees or other roadside barriersLarge trees or other roadside barriers• Cliffs or other high-drop roadsidesCliffs or other high-drop roadsides• Places commonly effected with high force wind gustsPlaces commonly effected with high force wind gusts

Important elements in road constructional environmentImportant elements in road constructional environment• Overview-Overview-• Bridges-Bridges-• Tunnels-Tunnels-• Junctions-Junctions-• Road signs or lack there ofRoad signs or lack there of

Page 25: The saga of SAGA

SummarySummary

Location: Highway #1, around IcelandLocation: Highway #1, around Iceland

Distance measured: 2678,4kmDistance measured: 2678,4km

Method: Method: Highway #1 was driven both clockwise and counter-clockwise. Highway #1 was driven both clockwise and counter-clockwise. Maximum legal driving speed was maintained and every curve Maximum legal driving speed was maintained and every curve taken without changing lanes. Every curve exceeding a taken without changing lanes. Every curve exceeding a predetermined limit in centripetal acceleration is categorized in predetermined limit in centripetal acceleration is categorized in three danger-classes with Class A as the most dangerous one.three danger-classes with Class A as the most dangerous one.

Number of curves in Class A: Number of curves in Class A: 66

Number of curves in Class B: Number of curves in Class B: 2727

Number of curves in Class C: Number of curves in Class C: 77

Page 26: The saga of SAGA

Centripetal acceleration measurements Centripetal acceleration measurements on the Icelandic road system 2003on the Icelandic road system 2003

Location: Location: SnæfellsnesSnæfellsnes

Page 27: The saga of SAGA
Page 28: The saga of SAGA

Dangerous curvesDangerous curves

Location: Snæfellsnes, west part of IcelandLocation: Snæfellsnes, west part of Iceland

Distance measured: 452kmDistance measured: 452km

Number of roads measured: 5Number of roads measured: 5

Roads that include dangerous curves: 1Roads that include dangerous curves: 1 (Road 54 ch.10)(Road 54 ch.10)

Road info:Road info: 14,3 km14,3 km Gravel road trough a mountain pass Gravel road trough a mountain pass (altitude 361m)(altitude 361m)

Speed limit: 80km/hSpeed limit: 80km/h Dangerous curves: 5Dangerous curves: 5 Danger classes: One curve in class A and four in class BDanger classes: One curve in class A and four in class B Construction years: ’50s to early ’60sConstruction years: ’50s to early ’60s Current status: Partial reconstruction in 2003 rest is due in long-term Current status: Partial reconstruction in 2003 rest is due in long-term

plans in 2011-2014 plans in 2011-2014 Traffic on a daily average: 196 carsTraffic on a daily average: 196 cars Traffic on a daily average during summer months: 294 carsTraffic on a daily average during summer months: 294 cars

Page 29: The saga of SAGA

Introduction on videoIntroduction on video

HeadingHeading

Speed Speed (Km/h)(Km/h)

LinearLinear

accelerationacceleration

CentripetalCentripetal

accelerationacceleration

Page 30: The saga of SAGA

Frodarheidi – 1. & 2. curveFrodarheidi – 1. & 2. curve

Page 31: The saga of SAGA
Page 32: The saga of SAGA

Result Result

1. curve:1. curve:Danger class B.Danger class B.The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,93m/s² and The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,93m/s² and

constant 11 seconds of at least 4,00m/s² strain on car and driver.constant 11 seconds of at least 4,00m/s² strain on car and driver.

2. curve:2. curve:Danger class B.Danger class B.The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,76m/s² and 2 The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,76m/s² and 2

seconds of at least 4,00m/s² strain on car and driver.seconds of at least 4,00m/s² strain on car and driver.

Page 33: The saga of SAGA

Frodarheidi – 3. curveFrodarheidi – 3. curve

Page 34: The saga of SAGA
Page 35: The saga of SAGA

ResultResult

3. curve:3. curve:Danger class B.Danger class B.The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,83m/s²The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 4,83m/s²

Additional information:Additional information:There are a few environmental issues involved in this turn i.e. how blind the There are a few environmental issues involved in this turn i.e. how blind the

curve is and how warnings and markings were at an absolute minimum. In curve is and how warnings and markings were at an absolute minimum. In this curve the experience is totally different when driving from the opposite this curve the experience is totally different when driving from the opposite direction.direction.

Page 36: The saga of SAGA

Frodarheidi – 5. curveFrodarheidi – 5. curve

Page 37: The saga of SAGA
Page 38: The saga of SAGA

ResultResult

5. curve:5. curve:Danger class A.Danger class A.The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 6,11m/s². This The driver will experience a centripetal acceleration as high as 6,11m/s². This

is near the maximum rating achievable on a gravel road.is near the maximum rating achievable on a gravel road.

Additional information:Additional information:When driving in the direction as shown the curve got sharper as it progressed, When driving in the direction as shown the curve got sharper as it progressed,

ending in an unusually sharp corner. Relatively high roadside after this ending in an unusually sharp corner. Relatively high roadside after this curve increases the environmental danger present if a car is out of control curve increases the environmental danger present if a car is out of control in the curve. in the curve.

Page 39: The saga of SAGA

Contact informationContact information

Contact persons for further details:Contact persons for further details:

For contracting our services:For contracting our services:Fridgeir JonssonFridgeir [email protected]@nd.is

For technical information:For technical information:Toti GunnarssonToti [email protected]@nd.is

Page 40: The saga of SAGA

SidumuliSidumuli 31 31

108 Reykjavik108 Reykjavik

IcelandIceland(+354) 533-1530(+354) 533-1530

(+354) 895-0100(+354) 895-0100

email: email: [email protected]@nd.is

      

www.nd.is

Page 41: The saga of SAGA

Closing and Q&AClosing and Q&A