100:01:06,016 --> 00:01:10,557It may be best to start recalling the origin of this word.200:01:10,768 --> 00:01:12,849In Greek, "photo" meaning light.300:01:12,974 --> 00:01:16,974And "graphein" was writing, drawing.400:01:17,100 --> 00:01:21,432A photographer is literally someone drawing with light.500:01:21,643 --> 00:01:26,474Someone who writes and rewrites the world with light and shadow.600:01:46,144 --> 00:01:49,100Sierra Pelada, la pray Mine Brazil,700:01:49,227 --> 00:01:50,768in front of me.800:01:52,685 --> 00:01:56,558When I reached the edge of that huge hole900:01:57,686 --> 00:01:59,893I raised the hair.1000:02:00,019 --> 00:02:04,183I had never seen anything like it.1100:02:05,644 --> 00:02:09,685There, I saw before me in a split second,1200:02:09,811 --> 00:02:11,683the history of mankind.1300:02:12,186 --> 00:02:14,685The history of the construction of the pyramids,1400:02:15,062 --> 00:02:16,850the Tower of Babel,1500:02:16,978 --> 00:02:18,852King Solomon's Mines.1600:02:19,520 --> 00:02:23,311The sound of a single machine in there was no sound.1700:02:24,353 --> 00:02:26,060Only you could hear1800:02:26,770 --> 00:02:31,770the murmur of 50,000 people in a big hole.1900:02:34,103 --> 00:02:36,560Conversations, noise, human noise2000:02:36,687 --> 00:02:39,602mixed with touches manuals ...2100:02:40,937 --> 00:02:43,603Actually, I have traveled to the beginning of time there.2200:02:45,187 --> 00:02:49,353I could almost hear the murmur of gold in those souls.2300:03:03,312 --> 00:03:05,561We had to throw all that land.2400:03:05,812 --> 00:03:07,354Not everything is gold,2500:03:07,479 --> 00:03:11,562They had to climb, get out, climb the small stairs2600:03:11,687 --> 00:03:13,896then get to the big stairs,2700:03:14,021 --> 00:03:15,646and come to the surface.2800:03:27,063 --> 00:03:29,603You're not thinking of falling.2900:03:32,230 --> 00:03:35,980And if you fall, there is a risk you take several.3000:03:38,981 --> 00:03:41,771I up several times a day3100:03:41,897 --> 00:03:44,230and it never occurred to me that I might fall3200:03:44,356 --> 00:03:46,687because no one fell.3300:03:46,813 --> 00:03:51,480We were there to carry bags or to take pictures, in my case.3400:03:57,816 --> 00:04:01,563The men went up there 50 or 60 times a day.3500:04:04,564 --> 00:04:08,274The only way down an inclined plane like that3600:04:08,400 --> 00:04:09,897He is running.3700:04:10,106 --> 00:04:12,814Si paras, te caes.3800:04:21,858 --> 00:04:26,439All these people together formed a very organized world.3900:04:26,565 --> 00:04:28,940But completely crazy.4000:04:42,358 --> 00:04:45,649They may look like slaves,4100:04:46,026 --> 00:04:48,191but there was not a single slave.4200:04:48,317 --> 00:04:52,441If there was slavery there, it was the desire to be rich.4300:04:53,151 --> 00:04:55,108Everyone wanted to be rich.4400:04:57,067 --> 00:05:02,442There you could find everything: intellectuals, lawyers,4500:05:02,567 --> 00:05:05,483Farm employees,4600:05:05,610 --> 00:05:08,065City workers ...4700:05:08,192 --> 00:05:11,610They all came to look for an opportunity.4800:05:13,610 --> 00:05:17,776Because when we gave a gold mine,4900:05:18,317 --> 00:05:22,985everyone working in that part of the mine5000:05:23,235 --> 00:05:26,110They had the right to choose a bag.5100:05:26,735 --> 00:05:29,567And in those sacks they had chosen5200:05:29,694 --> 00:05:31,610slavery was hiding.5300:05:31,735 --> 00:05:35,817It could be nothing or could be a kilo of gold.5400:05:36,778 --> 00:05:40,110At that time they played their independence.5500:05:42,403 --> 00:05:45,903All men, when they begin to touch the gold,5600:05:46,028 --> 00:05:47,653They do not return.5700:05:58,319 --> 00:06:01,653I saw this picture for the first time in a gallery,5800:06:01,778 --> 00:06:03,985more than twenty years ago.5900:06:04,112 --> 00:06:06,317I did not know who had taken.6000:06:06,737 --> 00:06:12,069I thought, "He must be a great photographer and an adventurer."6100:06:12,946 --> 00:06:15,319Behind it was a stamp and a signature.6200:06:15,444 --> 00:06:17,778Sebastio Salgado.6300:06:18,237 --> 00:06:20,319I bought a copy.6400:06:21,529 --> 00:06:26,403The gallery drawer pulled more photos of the same photographer.6500:06:26,654 --> 00:06:29,528What I saw moved me deeply,6600:06:29,654 --> 00:06:32,112especially this image,6700:06:32,362 --> 00:06:35,696portrait of a blind woman Tuareg.6800:06:37,571 --> 00:06:40,987Even though tears cause I see every day,6900:06:41,113 --> 00:06:44,279So since then, it hangs on my desk.7000:06:44,822 --> 00:06:49,154I knew something of Sebastio Salgado.7100:06:49,281 --> 00:06:51,654Really they cared about people.7200:06:52,112 --> 00:06:54,447This meant a lot to me.7300:06:55,031 --> 00:06:58,947At the end of the day, people are the salt of the earth.7400:07:00,906 --> 00:07:04,281It was a long time before we met7500:07:04,906 --> 00:07:08,906and we talked about his life, his work and where it came from everything.7600:07:15,197 --> 00:07:19,822The salt of the earth7700:07:43,365 --> 00:07:48,324We can put many photographers in one place,7800:07:48,449 --> 00:07:51,322always will draw very different pictures7900:07:52,408 --> 00:07:55,490because necessarily come8000:07:56,490 --> 00:08:00,365very very different sites.8100:08:01,199 --> 00:08:04,033Everyone has their way of seeing,8200:08:05,367 --> 00:08:08,365each according to his story.8300:08:10,367 --> 00:08:11,492I think my story8400:08:12,867 --> 00:08:17,533It is that I learned my way to see here in this place.8500:08:19,117 --> 00:08:21,199Here I have an ideal world.8600:08:23,117 --> 00:08:26,074Took long walks with my father,8700:08:26,324 --> 00:08:30,199through this place, and we came here to watch.8800:08:34,411 --> 00:08:36,450Behind each of these mountains,8900:08:37,201 --> 00:08:39,658there is a story, there is something to see.9000:08:48,368 --> 00:08:49,784Here I dreamed a lot.9100:08:51,411 --> 00:08:54,659He wanted to go beyond these mountains, he wanted to know.9200:09:04,577 --> 00:09:08,034A JOURNEY WITH Sebastiao Salgado9300:09:42,038 --> 00:09:47,162MOUNTAINS OF WEST PAPUA, INDONESIA, Village Yali, 20119400:13:21,462 --> 00:13:26,379Sebastio was very bohemian, was always traveling.9500:13:27,130 --> 00:13:28,892He liked to travel as anyone.9600:13:28,927 --> 00:13:30,171My father was like that.9700:13:30,379 --> 00:13:35,422It was not anywhere. It was like a shuttle.9800:13:36,504 --> 00:13:38,129That was Tiao.9900:13:38,254 --> 00:13:40,879I thought I was in Vitoria, and was here.10000:13:41,004 --> 00:13:45,504O he was in the north, or making political propaganda.10100:13:46,422 --> 00:13:47,254And as for studies,10200:13:47,379 --> 00:13:50,586if I had not had friends, he would have studied.10300:13:52,713 --> 00:13:57,379Sebastio was left for studies. He gave a lot of work.10400:13:57,505 --> 00:13:59,547But he studied economics.10500:14:01,381 --> 00:14:03,423I wanted to do law.10600:14:03,457 --> 00:14:05,464He studied one year, but did not like10700:14:06,673 --> 00:14:10,212and he switched to economics, and did well.10800:14:13,630 --> 00:14:15,005This was Sebastio Salgado,10900:14:15,131 --> 00:14:17,297Father.11000:14:17,840 --> 00:14:20,548He bequeathed his name to his only son,11100:14:20,673 --> 00:14:24,755who, though he remained all his life a restless traveler,11200:14:24,881 --> 00:14:29,048He benefited from studies that his father forced him to take11300:14:29,549 --> 00:14:33,048in ways that would never have imagined.11400:14:33,424 --> 00:14:38,256His studies in Economics endowed him sound knowledge11500:14:38,383 --> 00:14:41,673markets, trade and industry.11600:14:41,799 --> 00:14:44,755So I knew what ruled the world.11700:14:46,049 --> 00:14:51,424For him, all started in Aimors, a small town in Brazil.11800:14:52,301 --> 00:14:55,716There the estate of his father stood under the big sky.11900:14:55,841 --> 00:14:58,549There were vast Atlantic forests.12000:14:58,674 --> 00:15:01,966The river then was still navigable.12100:15:02,466 --> 00:15:06,174But above all, endless trains were passing by12200:15:06,551 --> 00:15:09,801bursting with minerals, iron ore12300:15:09,927 --> 00:15:12,633going from there to the rest of the world.12400:15:13,176 --> 00:15:17,924At the end of the day, this was and still is the largest mining area in the world.12500:15:18,966 --> 00:15:23,966That's where Sebastio grew. He was the only child among seven sisters.12600:15:24,302 --> 00:15:25,426What a life!12700:15:27,052 --> 00:15:28,134Every summer,12800:15:28,259 --> 00:15:32,966He played on the banks of the Rio Doce, the "sweet river".12900:15:33,092 --> 00:15:35,176That's where we are.13000:15:35,302 --> 00:15:36,634So here we are,13100:15:36,760 --> 00:15:39,091our small crew.13200:15:39,427 --> 00:15:40,841Sebastian, te ah falls?13300:15:40,969 --> 00:15:43,051I learned one thing.13400:15:43,802 --> 00:15:46,509Having a photographer in front of my camera13500:15:46,635 --> 00:15:49,592It is very different from shooting anyone else.13600:15:49,719 --> 00:15:53,341Not standing still doing himself.13700:15:53,802 --> 00:15:58,552No. For professional bias, react and respond13800:15:58,885 --> 00:16:01,802using his weapon, his camera.13900:16:02,385 --> 00:16:04,135Returns the shot.14000:16:04,261 --> 00:16:08,385- Wim, I have a very nice picture of you. - I will not say it.14100:16:08,511 --> 00:16:09,884I can imagine!14200:16:10,177 --> 00:16:13,219In this case, it was not just me ... fotografindome14300:16:13,345 --> 00:16:14,177Look at the picture.14400:16:14,427 --> 00:16:17,052Two of us had on target.14500:16:17,177 --> 00:16:20,844The other, my fellow director, was his eldest son, Julian.14600:16:21,345 --> 00:16:25,844He had already accompanied his father with his camera on several trips,14700:16:25,970 --> 00:16:29,886as Papua New Guinea, who have already seen.14800:16:30,011 --> 00:16:35,303Or here, to a remote island north of the East Siberian Sea.14900:16:35,429 --> 00:16:37,927I wish I could join them.15000:16:47,388 --> 00:16:52,428Father and son Salgado invited me to continue this documentary with them,15100:16:52,554 --> 00:16:55,178I guess to add an external view of your adventure.15200:16:56,263 --> 00:16:58,138I did not hesitate for a second.15300:16:58,264 --> 00:17:00,720What more could you ask for?15400:17:01,846 --> 00:17:04,345At last I could get to know this man,15500:17:04,471 --> 00:17:06,762discover what motivated him15600:17:06,888 --> 00:17:10,637and why his work had impressed me so much.15700:17:11,307 --> 00:17:15,805I did not know I was going to discover15800:17:15,931 --> 00:17:18,055much more than a photographer.15900:17:22,846 --> 00:17:24,806Sebastio was 1516000:17:24,932 --> 00:17:28,431when he took the train and went to the small town forever16100:17:28,556 --> 00:17:32,056to attend school in the provincial capital of Vitoria.16200:17:32,557 --> 00:17:36,888So young, at first did not know what to do with money in their pockets.16300:17:37,015 --> 00:17:39,888I had never paid any money.16400:17:40,013 --> 00:17:42,722On the farm, which produced all of them.16500:17:42,847 --> 00:17:45,681So, at first, starved,16600:17:45,807 --> 00:17:49,181dreading going to a store to order something to eat.16700:17:52,598 --> 00:17:55,931Ignorant of what had become of Sebastio16800:17:56,057 --> 00:17:59,390He had not appeared this girl in your life.16900:17:59,516 --> 00:18:00,765Lelia.17000:18:01,308 --> 00:18:04,890I was 17, I was studying music and incredibly beautiful.17100:18:05,016 --> 00:18:07,138It was love at first sight.17200:18:07,265 --> 00:18:09,140When Sebastio won a scholarship17300:18:09,474 --> 00:18:12,515to study for a Master in Economics from the University of Sao Paulo17400:18:12,766 --> 00:18:15,182they moved there and married.17500:18:17,892 --> 00:18:19,223It was the 60,17600:18:19,349 --> 00:18:21,973both they involved in left-wing movements,17700:18:22,099 --> 00:18:25,847as other students in Paris, Berlin or Chicago.17800:18:26,433 --> 00:18:29,807Brazil was under the rule of a brutal military dictatorship,17900:18:29,932 --> 00:18:34,265thus, the risk of being arrested, deported and tortured was constant.18000:18:36,601 --> 00:18:38,766In August 1969,18100:18:39,392 --> 00:18:41,933Sebastian y su Lelia if marcharon of homeland18200:18:42,059 --> 00:18:44,099and they took a boat to France.18300:18:46,059 --> 00:18:49,142Sebastio while continuing his training as an economist,18400:18:49,351 --> 00:18:51,808Llia studying architecture.18500:18:51,933 --> 00:18:55,683A memorable day, she bought a camera for their work.18600:18:55,809 --> 00:18:59,142And we really had fun with her was Sebastio.18700:18:59,268 --> 00:19:03,171The first photograph was taken Llia, of course.18800:19:03,977 --> 00:19:08,433Sebastio entered the International Coffee Organization18900:19:08,559 --> 00:19:09,893and they moved to London.19000:19:10,018 --> 00:19:12,434With the idea of a career in the World Bank,19100:19:12,810 --> 00:19:16,893often he traveled to Africa to study development projects.19200:19:17,019 --> 00:19:18,934Llia's camera was taking19300:19:19,560 --> 00:19:22,726and always he returned with many pictures.19400:19:24,310 --> 00:19:26,309Realizing that those pictures19500:19:26,436 --> 00:19:30,184They met him much more than economic reports,19600:19:30,435 --> 00:19:33,559both took a bold decision.19700:19:33,811 --> 00:19:35,769He had to take the enormous risk19800:19:36,561 --> 00:19:40,769to abandon his promising career as an economist19900:19:41,063 --> 00:19:42,935to start from scratch.20000:19:43,811 --> 00:19:48,519They returned to Paris and spent all photographic equipment cost.20100:19:49,520 --> 00:19:53,227For a time, Sebastio tried photographing sports,20200:19:53,354 --> 00:19:56,644made portraits, weddings and even naked,20300:19:56,770 --> 00:19:59,269before finding his calling.20400:20:04,269 --> 00:20:06,353Those are my first photos.20500:20:06,479 --> 00:20:09,561We were in Tahoua.20600:20:10,354 --> 00:20:12,936Two young mothers queuing20700:20:13,270 --> 00:20:16,354to receive food.20800:20:16,480 --> 00:20:21,604It was a time of great drought in Niger, 1973.20900:20:22,188 --> 00:20:26,729For Lelia was more difficult because she was pregnant.21000:20:26,855 --> 00:20:30,229I remember once we were there,21100:20:30,646 --> 00:20:34,479in a friend's house in Niamey.21200:20:34,730 --> 00:20:37,520Then came the marabout of Niamey.21300:20:37,646 --> 00:20:42,020Llia was wearing shorts, she was gorgeous.21400:20:42,896 --> 00:20:46,270And the marabout came, sat down,21500:20:46,397 --> 00:20:48,354and said Lelia.21600:20:48,480 --> 00:20:50,855"Come out, sit on my lap."21700:20:51,980 --> 00:20:53,814"Oh," I said,21800:20:53,940 --> 00:20:57,897"Marabout sir, there is a small problem,21900:20:58,023 --> 00:21:01,730this woman is pregnant22000:21:02,356 --> 00:21:04,064our first child.22100:21:04,190 --> 00:21:07,355You better stay here. "22200:21:07,480 --> 00:21:11,355He understood the need ...22300:21:13,441 --> 00:21:16,855the lack of synchronization at that time.22400:21:17,105 --> 00:21:20,440And finally, we talked so much that it was a kilo of sugar,22500:21:20,566 --> 00:21:23,272as happy as if he had gone with Lelia.22600:21:28,232 --> 00:21:32,690His son Julian was born in Paris in 1974.22700:21:32,941 --> 00:21:36,147There's my future colleague and co-director.22800:21:36,981 --> 00:21:41,648Llia continued to support Sebastio around as a young mother.22900:21:41,900 --> 00:21:43,898He worked hard in their studies23000:21:44,023 --> 00:21:47,148and to present the work of Sebastio everywhere.23100:21:47,275 --> 00:21:50,481In magazines, newspapers and agencies.23200:21:50,858 --> 00:21:51,606And so,23300:21:52,108 --> 00:21:54,731after some relevant publications,23400:21:55,276 --> 00:22:00,732both they found the courage to conceive her first major photographic project.23500:22:01,442 --> 00:22:05,276"Other Americas".23600:22:06,150 --> 00:22:10,150It would take Sebastio throughout South America.23700:22:10,608 --> 00:22:12,275The small Juliano got used23800:22:12,401 --> 00:22:15,982the long absences of her father.23900:22:18,233 --> 00:22:21,901OTHER AMERICAS24000:22:23,277 --> 00:22:27,233After leaving Brazil in 1969,24100:22:27,359 --> 00:22:31,358I started to really miss Latin America.24200:22:31,734 --> 00:22:34,232And I decided to make a trip24300:22:34,359 --> 00:22:36,609to neighboring Brazil.24400:22:36,736 --> 00:22:40,609Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia ...24500:22:40,903 --> 00:22:45,733Also it sounded to see mountains of Latin America.24600:22:45,861 --> 00:22:47,442The Andes.24700:22:48,527 --> 00:22:53,818At that time, Latin America, there was a profound social upheaval.24800:22:54,278 --> 00:22:56,901Theology of Liberation.24900:22:58,153 --> 00:23:02,818On that trip I met a young priest in Ecuador,25000:23:03,069 --> 00:23:04,859Gabicho named.25100:23:04,986 --> 00:23:09,443We fear the same age, a young photographer and a young priest.25200:23:09,694 --> 00:23:12,403He was the one who carried the word of God,25300:23:12,528 --> 00:23:18,359farmers organized into cooperatives, introducing solidarity.25400:23:18,569 --> 00:23:22,278And when he had all these communities to reach,25500:23:22,403 --> 00:23:25,736I could make impressive trips.25600:23:30,362 --> 00:23:32,986Here we were more than 3,000 meters.25700:23:33,112 --> 00:23:38,403Sometimes we climbed slopes of 600 to 700 meters per day.25800:23:38,904 --> 00:23:43,028But I greatly enjoyed living in this landscape,25900:23:43,238 --> 00:23:44,944in those communities.26000:23:47,988 --> 00:23:52,528These are the Saraguros, a group of Indians in southern Ecuador.26100:23:52,654 --> 00:23:57,654Very religious, but also heavy drinkers of alcohol.26200:23:58,403 --> 00:24:02,987More than half of the community, on weekends, men and women26300:24:03,113 --> 00:24:05,403They are completely drunk.26400:24:08,404 --> 00:24:10,488The farmer left26500:24:11,155 --> 00:24:13,738It called Lupe, Guadalupe.26600:24:14,114 --> 00:24:17,904Lupe was my friend.26700:24:18,448 --> 00:24:21,529At that time, I had very long hair,26800:24:21,655 --> 00:24:23,530blonde and very long.26900:24:23,656 --> 00:24:26,863And he had a big beard, redhead and blonde.27000:24:29,365 --> 00:24:31,989One day we were walking through the mountains,27100:24:32,115 --> 00:24:35,738He approached me and told me. "Look, Sebastio,27200:24:35,865 --> 00:24:38,780I know that you have sent from heaven. "27300:24:38,905 --> 00:24:42,780Because according to legend Saraguros27400:24:42,906 --> 00:24:46,655the gods, to the image of Christ,27500:24:46,781 --> 00:24:51,280They return to Earth to see them, to observe27600:24:51,406 --> 00:24:53,989and see who deserved heaven.27700:24:54,115 --> 00:24:59,865While touring the mountains, he took the opportunity to tell his life.27800:25:01,740 --> 00:25:06,739He firmly believed that I was there to observe them.27900:25:06,865 --> 00:25:10,781And up there counting their behavior.28000:25:14,616 --> 00:25:19,656I had never seen before, an entire people28100:25:19,782 --> 00:25:23,450another rhythm of time.28200:25:24,200 --> 00:25:30,075The time I spent with Saraguros seemed a hundred years.28300:25:30,201 --> 00:25:32,575Everything was so slow.28400:25:33,116 --> 00:25:37,075It was another way of thinking, another speed.28500:25:39,242 --> 00:25:42,115There were fatalism in their faces.28600:25:45,701 --> 00:25:48,616This is in the state of Oaxaca in Mexico,28700:25:48,951 --> 00:25:52,365is a group of peasants called mixes.28800:25:54,410 --> 00:25:58,909There, everything is medieval, the plow, all ...28900:26:01,660 --> 00:26:04,534It was the profound Latin America.29000:26:06,286 --> 00:26:09,034He was a peasant village,29100:26:09,951 --> 00:26:14,451but more important was the music that community.29200:26:14,661 --> 00:26:18,035It was a people who loved music.29300:26:18,952 --> 00:26:24,285All members of the community who could play an instrument29400:26:24,536 --> 00:26:26,785They did not need to work.29500:26:27,286 --> 00:26:29,410They worked as musicians.29600:26:34,243 --> 00:26:37,076They let me sleep a few days29700:26:37,494 --> 00:26:41,367in a cement room, very cold,29800:26:41,493 --> 00:26:45,617to see if reluctant, if you really wanted to stay.29900:26:46,244 --> 00:26:48,618As I managed to resist,30000:26:48,744 --> 00:26:51,743I was taken from there and took me to a house.30100:26:51,869 --> 00:26:54,786I went more to the community.30200:26:54,994 --> 00:26:56,494And for me it was a pleasure.30300:26:56,828 --> 00:27:00,412We became friends and coexisted in harmony in the community.30400:27:08,412 --> 00:27:12,411This is in northern Mexico, are the Tarahumara.30500:27:13,204 --> 00:27:17,369They are great runners are runners.30600:27:17,579 --> 00:27:19,412They walk away.30700:27:19,954 --> 00:27:22,869My God, it was hell follow these aborigines30800:27:22,996 --> 00:27:25,953they were not walking, flying!30900:27:34,372 --> 00:27:35,871This is a Tarahumara,31000:27:35,997 --> 00:27:40,621with his face well marked, well lived.31100:27:43,498 --> 00:27:46,871With her beautiful hair, great hair.31200:27:49,164 --> 00:27:52,247Several times they came to my camera31300:27:52,373 --> 00:27:56,830and they made me feel a sound technician.31400:27:57,873 --> 00:28:02,496They told me things like I was recording them.31500:28:07,873 --> 00:28:12,913The strength of a portrait is that in that split second31600:28:13,540 --> 00:28:17,913We understand a little the life of the person photographed.31700:28:18,039 --> 00:28:21,914The eyes speak volumes, the expression of the face.31800:28:24,165 --> 00:28:27,873When you do a portrait, is not you alone who takes the picture.31900:28:27,999 --> 00:28:30,373The person offers photo.32000:28:34,999 --> 00:28:37,832Those trips were very important to me.32100:28:39,790 --> 00:28:45,039To return after years without stepping on my country, to be here.32200:28:45,500 --> 00:28:49,040The essence was the same, it was my continent, we were very close.32300:28:51,584 --> 00:28:55,915"Other Americas" led him to Sebastio eight years.32400:28:56,209 --> 00:28:59,250On this trip to South America deeper32500:28:59,375 --> 00:29:03,500he simply disappeared for long periods.32600:29:04,000 --> 00:29:07,750Julian grew up with a father who was almost always absent.32700:29:08,292 --> 00:29:11,709His parents could at least correspond.32800:29:11,835 --> 00:29:15,959Clearly this occurred before the current media.32900:29:17,376 --> 00:29:20,334Each time he returned home to see his family33000:29:20,460 --> 00:29:23,125and edit your photos with Lelia.33100:29:23,375 --> 00:29:26,960Sebastio seemed like a great adventurer to his son.33200:29:27,086 --> 00:29:30,960A superhero, rather than a photographer.33300:29:31,086 --> 00:29:32,084i And cut!33400:29:33,625 --> 00:29:36,709I am, thirty years later.33500:29:36,835 --> 00:29:40,419Finally, I joined my father in one of his missions.33600:29:41,085 --> 00:29:42,209A Wrangel,33700:29:42,336 --> 00:29:45,417a desert island in the Arctic Ocean.33800:29:46,336 --> 00:29:48,250Sebastio hoped to photograph33900:29:48,376 --> 00:29:51,167the last great gathering of walruses.34000:29:52,544 --> 00:29:55,375I wanted to find out who the man was,34100:29:55,501 --> 00:29:59,210the man he had only known as father.34200:30:01,211 --> 00:30:07,295I wanted to find the photographer, adventurer, for the first time.34300:31:31,048 --> 00:31:32,631Cursed Bear!34400:31:32,757 --> 00:31:34,297We had the bear.34500:31:34,423 --> 00:31:38,255Incredible! It has made everyone from getting into the water.34600:32:17,093 --> 00:32:18,798What are you thinking?34700:32:19,592 --> 00:32:21,549What are you thinking, Father?34800:32:21,800 --> 00:32:26,008I'm thinking, you know, doing this will be difficult.34900:32:29,342 --> 00:32:30,633I do not know if it's okay.35000:32:46,509 --> 00:32:52,550It is different when the bear is close, we can take a picture with him closely.35100:32:52,676 --> 00:32:55,008But with a scenario that is not good.35200:32:55,425 --> 00:32:59,174We have a document of the bear, but we do not have a photo.35300:33:00,009 --> 00:33:02,093This is not right.35400:33:02,970 --> 00:33:05,634There's nothing behind.35500:33:05,759 --> 00:33:09,384Nothing to frame the photo, to beautify the landscape.35600:33:14,428 --> 00:33:16,801Not have stock, we have nothing.35700:36:51,768 --> 00:36:53,143Awesome!35800:36:53,768 --> 00:36:56,686The image I had in the end, are the teeth out,35900:36:56,811 --> 00:37:00,061They could not discern the shapes of heads, stunning.36000:37:00,186 --> 00:37:02,978Like we were in Dante's Inferno,36100:37:03,103 --> 00:37:05,268with all those teeth,36200:37:05,394 --> 00:37:07,559all these forms ... Incredible!36300:37:28,771 --> 00:37:32,436Father, talk to me a little of your 1979?36400:37:35,855 --> 00:37:39,644In 79, Llia was pregnant, expecting her second child.36500:37:39,771 --> 00:37:41,978It would be child already knew.36600:37:43,855 --> 00:37:46,061And when Rodrigo was born,36700:37:46,188 --> 00:37:51,105everything was going to be Down syndrome.36800:37:51,731 --> 00:37:55,396It was nice, torn eyes,36900:37:55,521 --> 00:37:59,396and I had the impression that it was completely normal.37000:37:59,521 --> 00:38:01,271And also Llia.37100:38:01,896 --> 00:38:08,146The doctor did many tests. Three weeks await your response.37200:38:08,273 --> 00:38:10,396The day I called the doctor37300:38:11,646 --> 00:38:14,481I felt such a strong tension,37400:38:14,606 --> 00:38:17,188when I saw the answer, I cried.37500:38:17,313 --> 00:38:19,313He could not stop mourn.37600:38:24,856 --> 00:38:28,896My little brother would never be able to go to school,37700:38:29,023 --> 00:38:32,398or read and write like me.37800:38:32,523 --> 00:38:36,523Rodrigo would be isolated in a world that we were never going to be able to share.37900:38:37,398 --> 00:38:40,271It was very difficult for my parents.38000:38:40,483 --> 00:38:42,606But then something happened.38100:38:43,483 --> 00:38:47,023Thanks to love, Rodrigo created his own language.38200:38:48,108 --> 00:38:49,106Slowly,38300:38:49,523 --> 00:38:53,398as a family, we learned to decipher their emotional alphabet38400:38:53,523 --> 00:38:55,938and communicate without words.38500:39:00,273 --> 00:39:04,606Poce later, my mother, my brother and I took a plane to Brazil.38600:39:04,733 --> 00:39:07,565The military dictatorship had fallen.38700:39:07,692 --> 00:39:13,190Topic five years and did not understand how important this trip was going to be.38800:39:14,150 --> 00:39:17,483At one point, a man climbed one of the blinds38900:39:17,608 --> 00:39:21,150and sunlight flooded the interior of the aircraft.39000:39:21,608 --> 00:39:24,317A voice echoed in the cabin:39100:39:24,442 --> 00:39:26,567"We are flying over Brazil."39200:39:26,692 --> 00:39:30,233My mother looked out the window and said nothing.39300:39:30,360 --> 00:39:34,942He was seeing his homeland for the first time after many years.39400:39:35,443 --> 00:39:39,233It was a moment of happiness, and yet, when I looked,39500:39:39,818 --> 00:39:41,400I was crying.39600:39:44,485 --> 00:39:48,610My father was in French Guiana and would come later.39700:39:49,900 --> 00:39:53,568December 31, returning to Brazil.39800:39:53,693 --> 00:39:56,775It was great to get to your country,39900:39:57,443 --> 00:40:00,525After 10 years, half out.40000:40:01,527 --> 00:40:05,900It was shocking. Lelia had left the Vitoria was not found.40100:40:06,737 --> 00:40:10,525Vitria urbanism had changed. Everything had changed.40200:40:11,652 --> 00:40:13,985My region had changed.40300:40:14,652 --> 00:40:19,568I met again with my parents. The I left young and strong.40400:40:19,777 --> 00:40:24,318On returning I found an old man. My father was very old.40500:40:25,195 --> 00:40:26,485But, at that time,40600:40:26,612 --> 00:40:30,110I wanted to see Brazil further.40700:40:30,945 --> 00:40:33,068My sister gave me a car40800:40:34,277 --> 00:40:37,652and I traveled for six months in the northeast of Brazil.40900:40:37,778 --> 00:40:39,777He did not know the northeast.41000:40:39,903 --> 00:40:43,237He had always dreamed of northeastern Brazil.41100:41:05,945 --> 00:41:08,777I met these people on a funeral.41200:41:09,447 --> 00:41:13,695I parked on the side of the road and went with them.41300:41:15,903 --> 00:41:20,653Infant mortality was very high in the northeast of Brazil.41400:41:21,155 --> 00:41:24,820These are children who died before baptism.41500:41:26,655 --> 00:41:29,947It is believed that unbaptized children41600:41:30,655 --> 00:41:33,947They have no right to go to heaven.41700:41:34,364 --> 00:41:38,903They stay in a region between both worlds, called limbo.41800:41:40,405 --> 00:41:44,947Children buried with his eyes closed, they were baptized.41900:41:45,072 --> 00:41:46,739If his eyes were open ...42000:41:46,864 --> 00:41:50,280and they buried him to find his way.42100:41:50,405 --> 00:41:55,114Otherwise, it was wandering for eternity.42200:42:03,449 --> 00:42:07,822At that time, the coffins were rented in the church.42300:42:07,949 --> 00:42:10,405Rent the coffin was cheaper.42400:42:11,074 --> 00:42:14,405The same coffin was used dozens of times.42500:42:21,074 --> 00:42:25,324This is perfectly seen the coffins to rent ...42600:42:28,074 --> 00:42:30,157and these are shoes.42700:42:30,282 --> 00:42:34,699He sold everything: shoes, coffins, bananas, vegetables,42800:42:34,907 --> 00:42:37,740ice cream, all ...42900:42:38,657 --> 00:42:44,324It is an area of the world where life and death are very close.43000:42:47,826 --> 00:42:52,074Here is a prayer group43100:42:52,201 --> 00:42:55,782exerting political work at the same time.43200:42:56,534 --> 00:43:00,032In Brazil, we had and still have43300:43:00,159 --> 00:43:03,242a great movement of landless peasants.43400:43:03,451 --> 00:43:08,032Many of them, the majority come from here.43500:43:08,826 --> 00:43:11,407Proviene del northeast of Brazil.43600:43:18,284 --> 00:43:19,284They are people43700:43:19,659 --> 00:43:22,284a great moral force,43800:43:22,409 --> 00:43:24,867great physical strength,43900:43:24,994 --> 00:43:29,951despite being very fragile because they eat poorly.44000:43:30,659 --> 00:43:34,617Look at the dryness of the area. It is very dry.44100:43:35,327 --> 00:43:39,409Why so, we have a piece of Sahel here in Brazil.44200:43:42,411 --> 00:43:44,367And here in the street,44300:43:44,494 --> 00:43:47,619people leave for good.44400:43:47,954 --> 00:43:50,994Sometimes the land is so dry, so hard,44500:43:51,121 --> 00:43:53,702people migrate to cities in the south.44600:43:53,827 --> 00:43:56,994They give up, leave the land.44700:44:18,246 --> 00:44:19,994FARM SALGALO44800:44:19,994 --> 00:44:22,121MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL44900:44:24,579 --> 00:44:26,619We have spent many years suffering a shortage of rain.45000:44:40,704 --> 00:44:45,829Here we had many cattle.45100:44:45,954 --> 00:44:48,204Now we have nothing, it's over.45200:44:49,248 --> 00:44:51,264The drought was great.45300:44:51,300 --> 00:44:55,400He finished with pastures, ended income.45400:44:55,954 --> 00:44:57,788How it ended, Grandpa? Why it's over?45500:44:57,914 --> 00:44:59,804It ended because of the drought.45600:45:02,414 --> 00:45:06,789He stood around, but no one saw or a grass grow.45700:45:06,914 --> 00:45:08,956Now we just have time.45800:45:09,623 --> 00:45:11,829Between your father and I,45900:45:11,956 --> 00:45:14,95420,000 invested in that.46000:45:15,498 --> 00:45:16,623Where you are?46100:45:18,581 --> 00:45:20,539Here he abounded all.46200:45:21,164 --> 00:45:25,664There were many birds many sparrows.46300:45:26,081 --> 00:45:29,664Canarios, tico-ticos,46400:45:30,456 --> 00:45:31,956zorzales ...46500:45:33,414 --> 00:45:37,164There on the hill, there was a good kill.46600:45:37,289 --> 00:45:41,248And in that summit also he had a very good head.46700:45:42,081 --> 00:45:44,873There is much erosion.46800:45:45,000 --> 00:45:46,800Now, for example, the land is bonded.46900:45:46,914 --> 00:45:51,155If rains come, there no grass, nothing,47000:45:51,190 --> 00:45:55,289to hold, cause a disaster.47100:45:56,208 --> 00:45:58,166I have no idea ...47200:45:58,166 --> 00:46:01,730to know how to stop erosion.47300:46:10,416 --> 00:46:13,500He grandfather, he was in the hacienda happy?47400:46:13,626 --> 00:46:14,625What?47500:46:14,751 --> 00:46:17,500If I was in this hacienda happy?47600:46:19,666 --> 00:46:20,958Si was happy?47700:46:21,126 --> 00:46:23,958I was happy to have my children.47800:46:24,083 --> 00:46:26,666I raised all, seven women,47900:46:27,208 --> 00:46:29,708with six career as Tiao.48000:46:29,833 --> 00:46:32,958I raised my children here with difficulty.48100:46:33,376 --> 00:46:34,666I was happy.48200:46:38,043 --> 00:46:39,681Only wood I took over a hundred contos48300:46:42,251 --> 00:46:44,458to take my children to school.48400:46:44,585 --> 00:46:47,960All were raised with good nutrition48500:46:48,085 --> 00:46:50,251with good clothes.48600:46:55,918 --> 00:47:00,168Since I arrived in Brazil, the land of my grandfather have been.48700:47:00,543 --> 00:47:03,835Burned and dry.48800:47:04,293 --> 00:47:09,168When Sebastio returned to the farm after traveling the northeast of Brazil,48900:47:09,293 --> 00:47:13,293the place had nothing to do with paradise he remembered as a child.49000:47:13,711 --> 00:47:16,918But he worried about something else.49100:47:17,043 --> 00:47:20,626The suffering he saw, changed.49200:47:21,378 --> 00:47:24,835His role as a photographer took on new meaning.49300:47:24,961 --> 00:47:28,003We understood how important it was for him to leave.49400:47:29,710 --> 00:47:35,418She missed him terribly, but I understood.49500:47:44,170 --> 00:47:46,960Sahel, THE END OF THE ROAD 1984-198649600:47:47,086 --> 00:47:51,295For his next project, which would lead to Sahel in Africa,49700:47:51,420 --> 00:47:55,255Sebastio began working with MSF.49800:48:00,630 --> 00:48:03,755I worked in Ethiopia in 1984.49900:48:04,755 --> 00:48:09,461And then I continued throughout the Sahel, 85 and 86.50000:48:09,713 --> 00:48:13,630Finally, spend nearly two years in a row in this region50100:48:13,757 --> 00:48:17,088doing a story about hunger.50200:48:20,463 --> 00:48:22,505There was a refugee camp,50300:48:22,630 --> 00:48:25,795the largest in the history of mankind so far.50400:48:26,047 --> 00:48:29,213I had a wild desire to show that.50500:48:29,340 --> 00:48:33,338To show that there was a large part of humanity50600:48:33,590 --> 00:48:36,422He is living in poverty.50700:48:36,838 --> 00:48:40,630Which it was mostly a problem of deals50800:48:40,882 --> 00:48:44,422not just a question of natural disasters.50900:48:47,172 --> 00:48:49,880It was a Coptic region51000:48:50,005 --> 00:48:54,088They are Christians in northern Ethiopia,51100:48:54,215 --> 00:48:56,547of tremendous humility.51200:48:56,882 --> 00:48:59,630They are unable, even with a child about to die,51300:48:59,757 --> 00:49:02,422to take the lead of others.51400:49:02,547 --> 00:49:04,463They prefer to wait.51500:49:11,048 --> 00:49:13,547Look at the state are.51600:49:15,423 --> 00:49:19,257In that state, one does not stand long.51700:49:19,673 --> 00:49:23,297In those fields hunger killed many lives.51800:49:23,840 --> 00:49:27,090Causes physical discomfort,51900:49:27,215 --> 00:49:30,173but other diseases that they kill.52000:49:32,300 --> 00:49:36,632If we take the anger, we become dehydrated quickly.52100:49:36,757 --> 00:49:41,173We can lose up to 12 liters of fluid a day due to diarrhea52200:49:41,634 --> 00:49:44,090and die in two or three days.52300:49:49,092 --> 00:49:51,257So young faces52400:49:52,300 --> 00:49:56,259and so aged by suffering.52500:49:56,675 --> 00:50:00,009If you look at the front, it is not elderly,52600:50:00,135 --> 00:50:03,840it has aged are the eyes, which are empty.52700:50:04,092 --> 00:50:07,217Look how young he is. Look at your baby.52800:50:07,760 --> 00:50:09,675He was her husband.52900:50:14,344 --> 00:50:17,925During the night because of the cold, many deaths they occur.53000:50:21,467 --> 00:50:25,425Dying here is like a continuation of life.53100:50:25,550 --> 00:50:28,092People get used to die.53200:50:29,844 --> 00:50:33,052A husband to his wife washed before burial.53300:50:36,262 --> 00:50:40,594With mountain clothes, dressed in goatskins.53400:50:44,469 --> 00:50:46,344A pretty young woman.53500:50:52,052 --> 00:50:54,302According to Coptic beliefs,53600:50:54,427 --> 00:50:58,344the body must be clean for the encounter with God.53700:50:58,469 --> 00:51:01,635It should be washed, wash it all53800:51:02,262 --> 00:51:04,677although water is scarce.53900:51:08,471 --> 00:51:12,344Every person killed is a piece of the world that dies.54000:51:20,596 --> 00:51:24,012A father prepares his son for burial,54100:51:24,137 --> 00:51:26,637to say the last goodbye.54200:51:29,887 --> 00:51:32,512Usually it is the family that prepares its dead.54300:51:40,639 --> 00:51:42,387And know that the government54400:51:42,512 --> 00:51:47,429retains food, not allowed to reach the population54500:51:47,554 --> 00:51:50,512as happened there,54600:51:50,639 --> 00:51:53,179in that field in northern Ethiopia ...54700:51:53,597 --> 00:51:57,971It was a brutal political dishonesty.54800:52:09,806 --> 00:52:12,597Ethiopia Tigray Region, 198454900:52:12,972 --> 00:52:17,554I returned to Ethiopia in late 1984.55000:52:17,931 --> 00:52:22,597By then, the guerrillas realized that the government was plundering the region.55100:52:22,722 --> 00:52:25,847They began to send people to Sudan.55200:52:26,431 --> 00:52:29,639They went through the region of Tigray.55300:52:33,391 --> 00:52:35,931There was an attack by two helicopters.55400:52:36,056 --> 00:52:39,766They were Mi-24 combat helicopters very fast.55500:52:39,891 --> 00:52:42,431They shot people with machine guns.55600:52:43,806 --> 00:52:46,306I took a picture and ran.55700:52:50,182 --> 00:52:52,599Many pregnant women walked55800:52:52,724 --> 00:52:58,306hoping to be able to eat and drink water55900:52:58,432 --> 00:53:01,141to reach the promised land.56000:53:05,182 --> 00:53:07,599I had to go there56100:53:08,599 --> 00:53:10,806at least two more months.56200:53:11,184 --> 00:53:13,556And when I arrived in Sudan,56300:53:13,766 --> 00:53:17,056I had a lot of work with the arrival of these people.56400:53:21,309 --> 00:53:23,807This man came from Ethiopia.56500:53:23,934 --> 00:53:27,307His son was exhausted, perhaps dead,56600:53:27,434 --> 00:53:29,724but the man was carrying.56700:53:29,851 --> 00:53:33,059When he got to the doctors the child was dead,56800:53:34,684 --> 00:53:37,018after so much walking.56900:53:45,518 --> 00:53:48,726We had to decamp from MSF.57000:53:49,018 --> 00:53:52,141Water is essential in these camps57100:53:52,268 --> 00:53:54,059and it was becoming a big problem.57200:53:54,184 --> 00:53:57,434You had to move as quickly as possible.57300:54:01,769 --> 00:54:05,726They piled into the trucks of the United Nations57400:54:05,978 --> 00:54:09,434to take them to another camp,57500:54:09,644 --> 00:54:12,934a beautiful and fertile land57600:54:13,186 --> 00:54:15,726on the banks of the Blue Nile.57700:54:16,644 --> 00:54:20,851I did about 300, 400 kilometers aboard these trucks.57800:54:24,728 --> 00:54:26,936Two of my friends truck,57900:54:27,061 --> 00:54:31,228They acted as if it were a Sunday afternoon either,58000:54:31,353 --> 00:54:34,934and they were telling stories under a tree.58100:54:38,646 --> 00:54:41,894Being close to the Nile, we had water.58200:54:42,021 --> 00:54:45,771But here people died58300:54:46,021 --> 00:54:47,936because there was no food.58400:54:48,228 --> 00:54:51,228They reached the edge of poverty.58500:54:54,980 --> 00:54:59,311They forgot or could not bring food.58600:54:59,438 --> 00:55:02,228There was a disorganization of food.58700:55:02,355 --> 00:55:04,561They said there was, that there was.58800:55:04,688 --> 00:55:07,521And when I got here there was nothing.58900:55:18,938 --> 00:55:21,063Me fui a Mali.59000:55:21,898 --> 00:55:24,730Here too there was a great drought.59100:55:26,481 --> 00:55:29,688The skin of the people were like the bark of trees.59200:55:30,023 --> 00:55:33,771Trees marked by wind and sand,59300:55:34,190 --> 00:55:37,481by sandstorms.59400:55:47,440 --> 00:55:49,605There were only women and children.59500:55:49,856 --> 00:55:52,481The men went to Libya to work,59600:55:52,606 --> 00:55:57,813or they migrated to Ivory Coast in search of work59700:55:57,940 --> 00:56:01,731with the promise to return and bring food for the family.59800:56:01,858 --> 00:56:04,315But very few returned.59900:56:14,358 --> 00:56:16,648All were safe60000:56:16,775 --> 00:56:19,648because MSF did a great job.60100:56:19,775 --> 00:56:22,898They brought aid to the region.60200:56:25,650 --> 00:56:29,231This is a friend, Luc, a Belgian doctor.60300:56:29,900 --> 00:56:34,898It is measuring and weighing the child.60400:56:37,150 --> 00:56:40,733After 15, 20 days, they were unrecognizable, healthier.60500:56:40,858 --> 00:56:43,565But they were scarred for life60600:56:43,690 --> 00:56:48,065because they lacked things during growth.60700:56:53,400 --> 00:56:55,065This kid was alone,60800:56:55,777 --> 00:56:58,983with his little guitar in hand,60900:56:59,108 --> 00:57:02,650He is carrying the remains of a shirt,61000:57:02,985 --> 00:57:04,735but not wearing pants.61100:57:06,068 --> 00:57:10,068Watch her determination, her posture.61200:57:10,193 --> 00:57:13,525He is someone who knows where it goes.61300:57:13,652 --> 00:57:18,193Looking for other groups of people,61400:57:19,027 --> 00:57:20,318with your dog ...61500:57:20,443 --> 00:57:23,277A boy of eight, nine years.61600:57:28,943 --> 00:57:31,610Sebastian is encari61700:57:31,737 --> 00:57:34,943with the people of the Sahel region.61800:57:35,068 --> 00:57:37,110Again and again.61900:57:38,777 --> 00:57:43,318Photos, the book and the exhibition of Llia62000:57:43,443 --> 00:57:46,112They called the world's attention on droughts,62100:57:46,237 --> 00:57:48,402and the fate of millions of lives.62200:57:48,820 --> 00:57:53,068And unanswered questions about the cause of that situation.62300:57:55,112 --> 00:57:59,695Then Sebastio turned to a topic that he spent another six years62400:57:59,820 --> 00:58:04,028and countless trips to almost thirty countries.62500:58:04,195 --> 00:58:05,485WORKERS62600:58:05,612 --> 00:58:10,795The third volume of photographs conceived with Llia.62700:58:10,820 --> 00:58:14,445I wanted to pay a kind of homage62800:58:14,987 --> 00:58:18,903all men and women who built our world.62900:58:19,913 --> 00:58:22,407The archeology of the industrial era.63000:58:24,112 --> 00:58:26,237Sebastian y Lelia investigaron63100:58:26,362 --> 00:58:29,028and planned "Workers" meticulously.63200:58:29,739 --> 00:58:33,778Then he again traveled to the four corners of the world.63300:58:35,945 --> 00:58:38,228He photographed steelworkers in the Soviet Union,63400:58:38,447 --> 00:58:40,322he lived with saboteurs ships in Bangladesh,63500:58:40,945 --> 00:58:43,945sailed with fishermen in Galicia and Sicily,63600:58:44,402 --> 00:58:47,237He showed the mechanical production of cars in Kolkata.63700:58:47,530 --> 00:58:49,655He watched farmers in Rwanda,63800:58:49,780 --> 00:58:52,822country had already visited, but as an economist.63900:58:53,405 --> 00:58:55,822Now the mission was another.64000:58:55,989 --> 00:58:59,737His perspective had changed, but he was the same.64100:59:00,074 --> 00:59:03,862Driven by the same empathy for the human condition.64200:59:04,407 --> 00:59:07,197With each episode of "workers"64300:59:07,663 --> 00:59:09,780Sebastio was completely submerged64400:59:10,907 --> 00:59:13,320in the field of manual labor.64500:59:13,447 --> 00:59:16,905As the weeks passed with miners in the gold mines of Serra Pelada.64600:59:19,152 --> 00:59:24,492In 1991, at the end of the first Gulf War,64700:59:24,527 --> 00:59:26,032Iraqi troops withdrew64800:59:26,157 --> 00:59:29,753and Saddam Hussein set fire to thousands of oil wells.64900:59:30,240 --> 00:59:35,322Thousands of firefighters from around the world descended on those oil fields.65000:59:35,615 --> 00:59:38,740Sebastio had to go too,65100:59:38,867 --> 00:59:42,740driven by curiosity of this explosive profession.65200:59:51,574 --> 00:59:54,697When I saw the first images on TV,65300:59:55,659 --> 00:59:59,074I knew I had to do that report.65401:00:00,449 --> 01:00:03,865It was like working in a big theater.65501:00:04,409 --> 01:00:06,699Some 500 wells on fire.65601:00:06,824 --> 01:00:11,240A scene set in huge, the size of a planet.65701:00:11,534 --> 01:00:15,867No controlled us, we could go where we wanted.65801:00:17,367 --> 01:00:21,534There were fumes, thick smoke, oil.65901:00:22,117 --> 01:00:26,824All that accumulated smoke was so dense that the sun did not pass.66001:00:27,286 --> 01:00:33,742Sometimes it was dark 24 hours.66101:00:39,911 --> 01:00:42,074After putting out the fire66201:00:42,201 --> 01:00:45,159the ground was so hot,66301:00:45,286 --> 01:00:49,451I had to throw a lot of water for cooling,66401:00:49,577 --> 01:00:54,244if not, the temperature was so high that oil burn again.66501:00:55,619 --> 01:00:57,327Still, sometimes,66601:00:57,452 --> 01:01:01,661There was an explosion that sounded like a cannon.66701:01:02,661 --> 01:01:04,909The noise was deafening.66801:01:05,036 --> 01:01:08,869It was like working near the engine of a plane.66901:01:09,536 --> 01:01:11,701Today I'm a little deaf.67001:01:11,994 --> 01:01:14,286My deafness began then.67101:01:31,121 --> 01:01:32,452These are Canadians,67201:01:32,579 --> 01:01:35,244The Calgary Fire Department.67301:01:36,871 --> 01:01:39,452They brought a nice red truck.67401:01:39,579 --> 01:01:43,038And they had a rule: after putting out the fire,67501:01:43,163 --> 01:01:46,327I had to wash the truck every night.67601:01:46,454 --> 01:01:49,786The next morning, returned to be covered in oil.67701:01:55,579 --> 01:01:57,788A hell of a job!67801:02:01,079 --> 01:02:03,038I delayed my departure at least two or three times.67901:02:04,789 --> 01:02:06,663Until the day I had to leave.68001:02:06,789 --> 01:02:10,039It broke my heart68101:02:10,164 --> 01:02:13,538having to leave such a huge show.68201:02:15,873 --> 01:02:17,788I turned around,68301:02:17,914 --> 01:02:20,454until near the end,68401:02:20,748 --> 01:02:24,621when we passed a big wall.68501:02:24,748 --> 01:02:28,246That day was a reporter for the New York Times.68601:02:28,956 --> 01:02:33,289It was no longer anyone's territory. The war had destroyed everything.68701:02:33,706 --> 01:02:35,454We broke the door.68801:02:35,706 --> 01:02:37,123Upon entering,68901:02:37,914 --> 01:02:40,454a species discovered69001:02:40,581 --> 01:02:42,039Paradise69101:02:42,166 --> 01:02:44,204become a hell.69201:02:44,831 --> 01:02:48,914It was a kind of Garden of the royal family of Kuwait.69301:02:50,289 --> 01:02:53,204There were horses, thoroughbreds,69401:02:53,539 --> 01:02:57,166they had gone completely mad.69501:02:58,291 --> 01:03:01,914The animals are the first to escape before a catastrophe,69601:03:02,041 --> 01:03:04,581if they are free to escape.69701:03:04,916 --> 01:03:07,123But there they were not.69801:03:08,208 --> 01:03:11,164Birds found there, it was an oasis.69901:03:11,291 --> 01:03:13,498Everything was well irrigated.70001:03:14,208 --> 01:03:18,873Birds that could not fly because they were glued feathers.70101:03:22,125 --> 01:03:25,873Kuwaitis left to reach the disaster70201:03:26,708 --> 01:03:29,791leaving the confined animals,70301:03:29,916 --> 01:03:33,581together with the Bedouins, who are not considered human beings.70401:03:35,567 --> 01:03:39,996"Workers" managed to unite the Sebastio Salgado economist70501:03:40,032 --> 01:03:42,125with the artist in which he had become.70601:03:43,083 --> 01:03:45,916These photographs have been published in the best journals,70701:03:46,043 --> 01:03:48,083the exhibition toured the world,70801:03:48,208 --> 01:03:50,958and the book was published in many languages.70901:03:52,293 --> 01:03:55,501Pero Sebastian y Lelia in pararon.71001:03:56,043 --> 01:04:00,875They immediately began work on a new phase of his photography.71101:04:01,126 --> 01:04:05,251They noted that another burning issue of our times71201:04:05,585 --> 01:04:08,333It was the displacement of entire populations71301:04:08,460 --> 01:04:12,376due to wars, famines and the role of the global market.71401:04:13,335 --> 01:04:16,835As Europe closed its borders,71501:04:17,128 --> 01:04:21,626Sebastio trying to shed light on the lives of the marginalized.71601:04:22,670 --> 01:04:27,251Again with Lelia, he began researching and planning.71701:04:27,376 --> 01:04:31,335She was again the momentum of this new chapter71801:04:31,460 --> 01:04:33,710which they called "Exodus".71901:04:34,253 --> 01:04:35,876EXODUS72001:04:36,835 --> 01:04:40,876It sparked global concern about the lives of these refugees72101:04:41,003 --> 01:04:43,043de India, Vietnam, Filipinas,72201:04:43,170 --> 01:04:45,210South America, Palestine, Iraq72301:04:45,336 --> 01:04:47,128and many other places.72401:04:48,045 --> 01:04:51,626But Sebastio returned again and again to the continent72501:04:51,753 --> 01:04:55,545I had captivated his imagination for some time already.72601:04:56,045 --> 01:04:57,628A frica.72701:05:08,545 --> 01:05:11,710I was doing my project on population movements72801:05:14,461 --> 01:05:17,710in 1994, when the Rwandan president's plane72901:05:18,297 --> 01:05:20,295He was killed.73001:05:21,047 --> 01:05:24,378It all started with a great movement of population to Tanzania73101:05:24,505 --> 01:05:29,378due to the brutal repression against the Tutsis in Rwanda.73201:05:30,838 --> 01:05:34,461And I was one of the first to arrive.73301:05:35,172 --> 01:05:37,336It was a catastrophe.73401:05:37,463 --> 01:05:39,797People who fled to Burundi,73501:05:40,047 --> 01:05:42,380al Congo, a Uganda...73601:05:42,505 --> 01:05:44,670They fled to everywhere.73701:05:48,922 --> 01:05:52,755The streets were full of people.73801:05:55,797 --> 01:05:57,922People resting on the side of the road,73901:05:58,047 --> 01:06:01,880he carried all their belongings on bicycles ...74001:06:02,005 --> 01:06:04,963People who fled with what they could.74101:06:06,630 --> 01:06:09,338We follow the path in the opposite direction.74201:06:09,632 --> 01:06:12,838We went to the border.74301:06:12,963 --> 01:06:15,713There was no security, no nothing.74401:06:15,838 --> 01:06:19,923I came to Rwanda and that was frightening.74501:06:20,130 --> 01:06:24,672The death toll I met on these roads.74601:06:27,465 --> 01:06:29,297It had broken Granada.74701:06:29,965 --> 01:06:34,463Those who were not killed by the Granada were killed with machetes.74801:06:35,257 --> 01:06:38,713I understood the magnitude74901:06:38,840 --> 01:06:42,673the catastrophe he was seeing.75001:06:43,550 --> 01:06:46,340Genocide was committed in that country.75101:06:49,340 --> 01:06:54,132Were about 150 kilometers to the outskirts of Kigali,75201:06:54,257 --> 01:06:57,007and 150 kilometers of dead.75301:07:05,300 --> 01:07:08,757I returned because my story was about you people.75401:07:08,884 --> 01:07:12,882He was writing a book on refugees, on the exodus.75501:07:13,342 --> 01:07:15,467I went into these camps75601:07:15,884 --> 01:07:17,592and I began to see75701:07:17,717 --> 01:07:21,507the number of people who left Rwanda.75801:07:23,677 --> 01:07:26,509Hell settled in this paradise.75901:07:27,427 --> 01:07:29,967It was frightening76001:07:30,092 --> 01:07:33,675see how in such a beautiful savanna76101:07:33,802 --> 01:07:36,925He had formed a megacity.76201:07:39,469 --> 01:07:43,342Within days, there were almost a million people there.76301:07:49,969 --> 01:07:53,802Amid all this anguish, something touched me very much.76401:07:54,135 --> 01:07:57,635It was seeing this mother with her little,76501:07:57,760 --> 01:08:01,510and little confidence in her mother.76601:08:14,804 --> 01:08:16,344Violence76701:08:17,054 --> 01:08:18,676and brutality76801:08:18,804 --> 01:08:22,177they are not a monopoly76901:08:22,470 --> 01:08:24,261of distant countries.77001:08:24,386 --> 01:08:27,636It is here, in Europe, in the former Yugoslavia.77101:08:27,761 --> 01:08:29,761It's very shocking.77201:08:32,470 --> 01:08:36,470On a bus coming from Krajina, Croatia across ...77301:08:37,637 --> 01:08:40,011One person was killed through that hole.77401:08:40,136 --> 01:08:44,136Croats killed many people to leave Krajina.77501:08:44,845 --> 01:08:46,636Violence is widespread.77601:08:46,764 --> 01:08:50,095What I dislike most77701:08:50,305 --> 01:08:54,304It is to see how much hatred is contagious.77801:08:55,055 --> 01:08:57,470These people have seen violence.77901:08:57,845 --> 01:08:59,136Entire families.78001:08:59,264 --> 01:09:03,430All Krajina Serb population was expelled.78101:09:05,596 --> 01:09:09,970From time to time they were driven from their homes78201:09:10,096 --> 01:09:12,345looking for a place where to go.78301:09:12,471 --> 01:09:16,930They had their neighbors in front and shooting at them.78401:09:31,890 --> 01:09:34,846This is a refugee camp near Tuzla,78501:09:35,471 --> 01:09:38,430en la Bosnia central.78601:09:38,555 --> 01:09:41,514They are families fleeing the enclave of Zepa,78701:09:42,182 --> 01:09:45,680where Serbs killed thousands of young people.78801:09:46,682 --> 01:09:51,889We were there at the right time. Just as families arrived78901:09:52,474 --> 01:09:55,056in a state of high anxiety.79001:10:06,557 --> 01:10:09,390There were only women, elderly79101:10:09,807 --> 01:10:11,347and children.79201:10:11,474 --> 01:10:15,890The young men had been detained or killed.79301:10:22,100 --> 01:10:25,015It is rare that this happens in Europe,79401:10:25,141 --> 01:10:28,306the late twentieth century.79501:10:28,641 --> 01:10:30,057But here, the cars,79601:10:30,184 --> 01:10:34,057we can see that those people with a standard of living79701:10:34,184 --> 01:10:36,184a European standard of living,79801:10:36,643 --> 01:10:39,350with a European intellectual level.79901:10:39,684 --> 01:10:41,849A European infrastructure.80001:10:42,225 --> 01:10:43,641And who lost everything.80101:10:47,893 --> 01:10:51,850Hundreds of kilometers filled with people and cars.80201:10:55,935 --> 01:10:57,810We are a very fierce animal.80301:10:57,935 --> 01:11:00,810We are a terrible animal, we humans.80401:11:02,269 --> 01:11:06,060It is here in Europe, whether in Africa, Latin America, wherever.80501:11:06,185 --> 01:11:08,850Our violence is extreme.80601:11:15,685 --> 01:11:17,893Our history is a history of wars.80701:11:25,103 --> 01:11:26,600It is a story without end,80801:11:26,728 --> 01:11:28,851a history of repression,80901:11:28,978 --> 01:11:30,644crazy story.81001:11:39,563 --> 01:11:42,311The situation in Rwanda continued to evolve.81101:11:42,520 --> 01:11:46,603The Hutu army, which had the power, was defeated.81201:11:46,729 --> 01:11:51,811And he retired to the Congo and the region of Goma.81301:11:53,145 --> 01:11:57,686First, the Tutsis had fled the barbarity of the Hutus.81401:11:57,813 --> 01:11:59,561Then they were Hutus81501:11:59,686 --> 01:12:02,395those fleeing Tutsi occupation.81601:12:02,520 --> 01:12:04,561So they all fled.81701:12:07,688 --> 01:12:09,520In several days,81801:12:09,645 --> 01:12:12,603in the month of July 199481901:12:12,729 --> 01:12:14,145Goma region82001:12:14,270 --> 01:12:17,311He welcomed more than two million people.82101:12:18,854 --> 01:12:21,395And there catastrophe was installed,82201:12:24,396 --> 01:12:27,313diseases such as cholera began to spread82301:12:27,439 --> 01:12:31,229and people started dropping like flies.82401:12:31,689 --> 01:12:35,104There were at least 12,000 or 15,000 deaths a day.82501:12:38,939 --> 01:12:41,854I took pictures of piles of dead like this.82601:12:42,439 --> 01:12:45,104I saw that father approached with his child,82701:12:45,521 --> 01:12:47,021and throw it there.82801:12:47,148 --> 01:12:51,354He was chatting with fellow like that.82901:12:58,148 --> 01:13:01,229We did not give supply to bury people.83001:13:02,273 --> 01:13:05,189Machine brought a French army83101:13:05,440 --> 01:13:09,148and caught galore, dozens,83201:13:09,399 --> 01:13:11,479They threw them on the ground83301:13:11,605 --> 01:13:14,355and covered with soil.83401:13:31,649 --> 01:13:34,064Everyone should see these images,83501:13:34,524 --> 01:13:37,439to see how terrible it is our species.83601:13:44,067 --> 01:13:47,440These orphans, I found them on the road ...83701:13:49,318 --> 01:13:50,774Of these three children83801:13:50,899 --> 01:13:54,483the two with the most lively eyes will survive.83901:13:54,609 --> 01:13:58,649The eyes of the morbid, he was dying.84001:14:01,274 --> 01:14:04,067When I left there, I was sick.84101:14:04,317 --> 01:14:06,733Very sick. My body was sick.84201:14:06,943 --> 01:14:10,442It was not an infectious disease,84301:14:10,734 --> 01:14:12,692my soul was sick.84401:14:17,569 --> 01:14:21,650I went to Rwanda a year after the disaster84501:14:21,777 --> 01:14:26,569for the return of Hutus, who were in the Congo84601:14:26,900 --> 01:14:28,818and they had nowhere to go.84701:14:28,944 --> 01:14:33,275The United Nations began to force them to return.84801:14:44,194 --> 01:14:48,484We felt that the whole planet was covered in refugee tents.84901:15:01,653 --> 01:15:03,652After working there,85001:15:03,777 --> 01:15:08,319Tutsi authorities proposed visit me85101:15:08,444 --> 01:15:12,359several places, scenes of repression.85201:15:19,029 --> 01:15:23,985People took refuge in a church thinking that could be saved.85301:15:24,697 --> 01:15:27,194All were killed.85401:15:33,737 --> 01:15:35,944This was at a school,85501:15:36,363 --> 01:15:41,110You can still see the blackboard with written when passing through.85601:15:41,238 --> 01:15:43,320it was scary.85701:15:57,238 --> 01:16:01,404Of people who left Rwanda, some two million people,85801:16:01,529 --> 01:16:04,197some returned to Rwanda,85901:16:04,323 --> 01:16:07,029but the other feared a possible crackdown.86001:16:07,154 --> 01:16:12,197A group of 250,000 people left the city of Goma86101:16:12,322 --> 01:16:14,573and he went into the Congo forest.86201:16:17,698 --> 01:16:18,988We lost.86301:16:19,114 --> 01:16:23,073Everyone knew they were lost 250,000 people.86401:16:23,198 --> 01:16:25,154We did not know where they were.86501:16:28,239 --> 01:16:29,697Six months later,86601:16:30,282 --> 01:16:34,905They began to appear Kisangani in central Congo.86701:16:37,324 --> 01:16:40,988They were in the forest for six months.86801:16:42,114 --> 01:16:47,363And here, the UN High Commissioner was taking me right there.86901:16:48,532 --> 01:16:51,655There was a train and rode me.87001:16:52,739 --> 01:16:56,114The train, after leaving the food, he should return.87101:17:03,783 --> 01:17:08,783I spent three days with these people kept coming.87201:17:08,908 --> 01:17:11,532Groups and groups of people coming.87301:17:13,865 --> 01:17:17,365But when you think about 250,000 people left,87401:17:17,492 --> 01:17:20,158and 40,000 returnees ...87501:17:20,492 --> 01:17:24,533210,000 people were missing.87601:17:34,452 --> 01:17:36,865And in parallel, life continued.87701:17:36,992 --> 01:17:41,699Men who cut hair.87801:17:42,617 --> 01:17:44,952And this Congolese here,87901:17:45,076 --> 01:17:46,824with his calculator88001:17:48,118 --> 01:17:53,658dollars trying to collect people,88101:17:53,784 --> 01:17:57,033currencies, and it was there trying to change them.88201:17:57,493 --> 01:18:01,909In the middle of nowhere! Amid a forest isolated from everything.88301:18:09,327 --> 01:18:10,534At one point,88401:18:11,036 --> 01:18:15,577that the guerrillas Kisangani, which was protutsi,88501:18:15,703 --> 01:18:18,077and he began to cast these people.88601:18:18,453 --> 01:18:19,993To send them back.88701:18:20,118 --> 01:18:24,493They had to walk another six months to return to Rwanda.88801:18:24,619 --> 01:18:26,702They began to kill some.88901:18:27,828 --> 01:18:32,327There, I met people who could not more.89001:18:32,953 --> 01:18:35,743They had begun to rave,89101:18:35,869 --> 01:18:37,784They had lost his mind.89201:18:37,912 --> 01:18:39,493They had gone mad.89301:18:44,869 --> 01:18:48,286In fact, this people who were expelled,89401:18:48,703 --> 01:18:50,993We have not heard anything.89501:18:52,412 --> 01:18:54,869I'm sure they were all killed.89601:19:02,619 --> 01:19:07,744This was my last trip, this sad adventure in Rwanda.89701:19:11,496 --> 01:19:13,619I went there.89801:19:15,204 --> 01:19:19,953He does not believe in anything. He did not believe in the salvation of the human race.89901:19:20,079 --> 01:19:22,746We could not survive that.90001:19:22,872 --> 01:19:24,662We did not deserve to live anymore.90101:19:24,788 --> 01:19:26,746No one deserved to live.90201:19:36,913 --> 01:19:41,913How many times I threw the camera down to mourn for what he saw?90301:19:48,288 --> 01:19:52,663Sebastio had peered into the heart of darkness90401:19:52,789 --> 01:19:56,371and he questioned his work as a social photographer90501:19:56,497 --> 01:19:59,622and witness to the human condition.90601:19:59,832 --> 01:20:04,039What remained to be done after Rwanda?90701:20:11,291 --> 01:20:15,914At that time, my grandfather's health worsened.90801:20:16,541 --> 01:20:20,664My parents had to return to Brazil to take over the farm.90901:20:21,248 --> 01:20:25,916It was just barren land. They did not know what to do with that.91001:20:27,083 --> 01:20:31,291Birds, alligators and forests had disappeared.91101:20:31,458 --> 01:20:35,515There was no childhood memories of Sebastio.91201:20:39,291 --> 01:20:42,791Then Llia had a surprising idea.91301:20:42,917 --> 01:20:46,998Why we not replant the forest that was here before?91401:20:49,751 --> 01:20:54,250The forest that was here before and that covered these hills91501:20:54,375 --> 01:20:56,373It was the Atlantic Forest.91601:20:56,500 --> 01:20:58,873The Atlantic forest.91701:20:59,458 --> 01:21:01,750No one had tried to replant.91801:21:02,251 --> 01:21:05,792Let alone over 600 hectares.91901:21:06,376 --> 01:21:09,792The suggestion came from his desire Llia92001:21:09,917 --> 01:21:12,292to maintain the spirit of the family.92101:21:12,417 --> 01:21:15,667Anyway, they started using them92201:21:16,127 --> 01:21:18,458and for the next 10 years92301:21:18,667 --> 01:21:23,167what happened in that land was a miracle92401:21:23,293 --> 01:21:26,917which it became, from that moment, the "Terra Institute".92501:21:33,586 --> 01:21:36,417I remember during the first planting,92601:21:36,543 --> 01:21:40,335sometimes dreamed that night was dying all.92701:21:42,127 --> 01:21:46,292Because the soil was horrible. He was in such bad shape92801:21:46,418 --> 01:21:49,542I wondered. Are the plants take root?92901:21:50,212 --> 01:21:54,252In the Atlantic Forest there were 400 different species,93001:21:54,377 --> 01:21:57,295we did not have 400,93101:21:57,420 --> 01:22:02,085but just we planted 100 species, 150 ...93201:22:02,377 --> 01:22:06,586It is true that the first planting lost 60%.93301:22:07,420 --> 01:22:10,420In the second, 40.93401:22:10,545 --> 01:22:15,087There were no books to teach to replant an Atlantic forest.93501:22:34,587 --> 01:22:36,545I love coming here93601:22:37,088 --> 01:22:39,837to see all these trees together.93701:22:40,088 --> 01:22:42,462When you see this forest mass,93801:22:43,503 --> 01:22:47,462an idea of the effort involved in planting all this is done.93901:22:51,381 --> 01:22:53,046When I was little,94001:22:53,380 --> 01:22:56,003there was a small waterfall.94101:22:56,880 --> 01:22:59,796All year, here was a waterfall that fell.94201:22:59,922 --> 01:23:04,753I came with my sisters and we made a picnic under the jump.94301:23:05,588 --> 01:23:08,046There was still a lot of forest.94401:23:08,422 --> 01:23:09,546Then94501:23:10,006 --> 01:23:13,546when felled trees, the water disappeared.94601:23:14,631 --> 01:23:17,963Now our forest is young, needs lots of water.94701:23:19,922 --> 01:23:24,255But within 10 or 15 years, when everything stabilizes,94801:23:24,381 --> 01:23:28,505I'm sure it will reappear another beautiful waterfall.94901:23:50,381 --> 01:23:51,548They are95001:23:52,591 --> 01:23:54,756many small roads,95101:23:54,881 --> 01:23:57,298hundreds of small ways ...95201:23:58,007 --> 01:23:59,881Cows go there.95301:24:00,756 --> 01:24:05,131Each leg of cow that sits on a small perimeter,95401:24:05,257 --> 01:24:08,591They are 200 or 250 kilos of blow.95501:24:08,716 --> 01:24:12,216Crushes the earth, the dry,95601:24:12,342 --> 01:24:14,216and no longer sprout again nothing.95701:24:14,800 --> 01:24:17,673It is very interesting to note the difference95801:24:18,341 --> 01:24:22,925of what it was before the Terra Institute, smooth pastures like this95901:24:23,051 --> 01:24:26,341and the other a fully recovered ecosystem.96001:24:26,466 --> 01:24:28,800With ten million trees replanted.96101:24:51,010 --> 01:24:52,176Here we see96201:24:52,426 --> 01:24:57,094cicada singing until he dies.96301:24:57,759 --> 01:25:01,260I'm sure it was not the tree.96401:25:01,386 --> 01:25:05,134Are the termites that are assimilating.96501:25:05,261 --> 01:25:07,259He will be buried here.96601:25:16,510 --> 01:25:21,219Sometimes, just we look at a tree and think about its verticality, in its beauty.96701:25:21,345 --> 01:25:26,635But everything depends on it, our water, our oxygen ...96801:25:26,761 --> 01:25:28,677It is home to everyone.96901:25:29,136 --> 01:25:32,094Ants, small insects, cicadas ...97001:25:32,220 --> 01:25:33,636All are in the tree.97101:25:34,886 --> 01:25:39,219It is very pleasant to touch a tree planting have helped.97201:25:39,636 --> 01:25:43,176It is here, well established, well robust.97301:25:43,386 --> 01:25:46,761Within 30 years it will be as well.97401:25:47,012 --> 01:25:49,845He is still very young, is growing.97501:25:51,180 --> 01:25:54,304Look, the youngest there, very young, here.97601:25:54,430 --> 01:25:56,261They may have erupted tonight,97701:25:57,136 --> 01:26:00,220like Alice entering the wonderland.97801:26:00,886 --> 01:26:05,927And most incredible is that it will become a tree 40 to 50 meters.97901:26:06,054 --> 01:26:09,136And who will live 400 years, 500 years.98001:26:09,262 --> 01:26:11,761Here there is a great power.98101:26:16,346 --> 01:26:20,636Think that these trees have three months98201:26:20,762 --> 01:26:23,095and will reach its climax at the 400 ...98301:26:24,389 --> 01:26:28,929Maybe we can measure from here98401:26:29,055 --> 01:26:31,221the concept of eternity.98501:26:31,515 --> 01:26:33,887Perhaps eternity can be measured.98601:26:36,847 --> 01:26:39,721The first few days after saying: "We will plant a forest"98701:26:39,849 --> 01:26:44,762I thought the route was a seed to a small tree, a plant ...98801:26:44,889 --> 01:26:48,055and that's it, but there is only a little plant, but a million.98901:26:49,640 --> 01:26:51,137And not just here.99001:26:51,265 --> 01:26:55,055Also nearby. And more and more!99101:26:55,180 --> 01:26:58,515And that's the most wonderful thing, this idea99201:27:00,556 --> 01:27:02,765You may evolve, it can grow.99301:27:02,890 --> 01:27:06,139He's not someone's idea, but of all.99401:27:08,015 --> 01:27:11,722Sampling method can replicate almost everywhere.99501:27:11,849 --> 01:27:14,140Of course, the species are not the same,99601:27:14,265 --> 01:27:17,015but the way of acting is the same99701:27:17,599 --> 01:27:19,556in all tropical forests.99801:27:32,766 --> 01:27:36,015The land was the remedy to despair of Sebastio.99901:27:36,307 --> 01:27:41,056The joy of seeing the trees grow, resurgent outbreaks,100001:27:41,475 --> 01:27:46,765He resurrected Sebastio passion for photography.100101:27:47,265 --> 01:27:52,225Although Llia and he knew they could not return to their old ways.100201:27:52,643 --> 01:27:54,140We conclude100301:27:54,266 --> 01:27:57,975that would start a new photographic project on the environment.100401:27:58,184 --> 01:28:01,350Of course, the first idea that came100501:28:01,476 --> 01:28:04,266It was to denounce the destruction of forests,100601:28:04,391 --> 01:28:06,850or pollution of the oceans,100701:28:07,101 --> 01:28:07,890He did not care.100801:28:08,016 --> 01:28:11,975Then gradually we start thinking. Let's do a different project.100901:28:12,643 --> 01:28:14,766Let a tribute to the planet.101001:28:15,143 --> 01:28:17,684And we discover with surprise101101:28:17,810 --> 01:28:20,641nearly half of the planet101201:28:21,185 --> 01:28:23,184continues as the day of Genesis.101301:28:26,060 --> 01:28:30,516Many of my friends told me. "Do not get into that.101401:28:30,643 --> 01:28:34,391It is very risky. You are a good human, social photographer,101501:28:34,518 --> 01:28:38,143and now you will enter in the field101601:28:38,810 --> 01:28:42,268Photographers landscapes, animals. "101701:28:42,395 --> 01:28:44,768I said, "It's okay, I'm going for it!101801:28:44,894 --> 01:28:48,393I will learn to photograph these things too. "101901:28:48,519 --> 01:28:50,435And so I began the first story.102001:28:50,979 --> 01:28:53,393Galapagos wanted it.102101:28:53,728 --> 01:28:58,519Darwin wanted to understand what he understood.102201:28:59,561 --> 01:29:01,144The same species,102301:29:01,270 --> 01:29:04,435in very different ecosystems,102401:29:04,561 --> 01:29:06,853They have evolved very differently.102501:29:09,395 --> 01:29:12,561Looking at this detail of the leg of the iguana,102601:29:12,688 --> 01:29:15,686I can not help thinking102701:29:16,186 --> 01:29:19,185in the hand of a warrior of the Middle Ages.102801:29:19,436 --> 01:29:23,270With its metal to protect shells.102901:29:26,438 --> 01:29:28,395Looking at the structure of the hand,103001:29:28,520 --> 01:29:32,270I see that the iguana is also my cousin,103101:29:32,813 --> 01:29:35,563who we come from the same cell.103201:29:38,938 --> 01:29:43,145We were facing a being of this age.103301:29:43,270 --> 01:29:45,063We are dealing with an authority,103401:29:45,189 --> 01:29:47,979with all its wrinkles, with all this knowledge.103501:29:48,729 --> 01:29:54,230Certainly, when Darwin was here, that turtle was an adult.103601:29:54,855 --> 01:29:57,104Maybe he saw Darwin. Who knows?103701:29:59,939 --> 01:30:02,020I remember one time I was very tired103801:30:02,146 --> 01:30:07,479because he had walked through lava fields for a long time.103901:30:07,606 --> 01:30:09,689I had slept on the beach.104001:30:10,564 --> 01:30:13,520I felt something touch my leg.104101:30:13,646 --> 01:30:16,314I looked and it was a sea lion.104201:30:16,731 --> 01:30:18,729Had another installed across.104301:30:18,855 --> 01:30:21,231In the end, there were three sea lions.104401:30:21,939 --> 01:30:26,105No man considered a predator, did not seem a threat.104501:30:28,440 --> 01:30:31,189It was my first story of nature,104601:30:31,314 --> 01:30:34,606the first time photographing animals.104701:30:38,190 --> 01:30:41,898For 8 years, I had time to see ...104801:30:43,565 --> 01:30:45,606and understand the most important thing.104901:30:45,731 --> 01:30:49,606I am very nature as a turtle, like a tree,105001:30:49,733 --> 01:30:51,274like a stone.105101:32:08,278 --> 01:32:10,525His gaze remains extraordinary.105201:32:13,444 --> 01:32:15,360It is very deep.105301:32:15,694 --> 01:32:18,527I was up to me, I took a picture,105401:32:18,653 --> 01:32:20,068he put his finger in the mouth ...105501:32:20,778 --> 01:32:24,275He was looking for the first time in a mirror.105601:32:24,402 --> 01:32:26,152I was in front of him105701:32:26,278 --> 01:32:29,152and he removed his finger, put it.105801:32:29,278 --> 01:32:31,069He began to understand that it was him.105901:32:31,195 --> 01:32:36,569It was acknowledging his image. I felt completely identified.106001:32:50,988 --> 01:32:53,069It's a family like ours,106101:32:53,195 --> 01:32:56,237a grandfather, a father, children.106201:32:58,695 --> 01:33:01,819They will respect each other, you know?106301:33:02,279 --> 01:33:06,820And when you go, you have to respect their ways.106401:33:06,945 --> 01:33:09,613You have to sit in a particular way,106501:33:09,738 --> 01:33:12,529you have to respect their territory.106601:33:12,654 --> 01:33:15,113And then you receive.106701:33:16,947 --> 01:33:20,070I also became friends with a whale.106801:33:25,323 --> 01:33:26,654These are whales.106901:33:28,198 --> 01:33:29,447In Argentina.107001:33:32,198 --> 01:33:35,822An adult as this measures 35 meters and weighs 40 tons, more or less.107101:33:37,072 --> 01:33:39,322He was approaching, came to the ship.107201:33:39,448 --> 01:33:41,572I could touch it.107301:33:41,698 --> 01:33:44,363And it was amazing. That skin so sensitive!107401:33:44,489 --> 01:33:46,029While he is stroking,107501:33:46,155 --> 01:33:50,572He saw his tail shaking, at 35 meters.107601:33:50,698 --> 01:33:52,114A phenomenal sensitivity.107701:33:52,948 --> 01:33:57,072We had a small vessel of not more than seven meters.107801:33:57,823 --> 01:34:00,448I knew that if we looked strong, we could sink.107901:34:00,573 --> 01:34:03,322But he never touched the boat, never!108001:34:03,448 --> 01:34:06,490Sometimes he walked away and hit the sea with its tail.108101:34:50,408 --> 01:34:55,074Oh, it's another world, it's incredible.108201:34:55,201 --> 01:34:59,908I'll see if I have another photo here of the Nenets.108301:35:01,077 --> 01:35:04,908Check what does a Nenets.108401:35:06,493 --> 01:35:07,868It's your house.108501:35:12,368 --> 01:35:16,118I nenets this report with what was preparing a long time.108601:35:17,077 --> 01:35:21,283Were 18 people and about 6,000 reindeer108701:35:21,409 --> 01:35:23,909They are living in constant migration.108801:35:25,743 --> 01:35:28,743Here should be the 7pm.108901:35:28,868 --> 01:35:31,993About 8 light a fire109001:35:32,119 --> 01:35:34,909and make the only hot meal of the day.109101:35:35,786 --> 01:35:39,159After dinner, there are gatherings.109201:35:39,286 --> 01:35:40,743And the fire goes out.109301:35:40,869 --> 01:35:46,618While the fire burning is the temperature is pleasant: 15-20 degrees.109401:35:46,952 --> 01:35:49,578Two hours later, it is already 30 below zero.109501:35:53,119 --> 01:35:56,118They are real cowboys of Siberia.109601:35:56,244 --> 01:35:58,869Always wear ties109701:35:58,996 --> 01:36:02,161around the neck, made of reindeer skin.109801:36:03,121 --> 01:36:07,911They wear leather boots with silver fox.109901:36:08,621 --> 01:36:12,246Sleep with their boots. A boot lasts a lifetime.110001:36:27,496 --> 01:36:30,703The Obi is a very special river,110101:36:30,831 --> 01:36:32,786a large river in Siberia.110201:36:33,704 --> 01:36:37,412This is about 47 kilometers long.110301:36:40,372 --> 01:36:44,622When you pass the Obi, you enter the Arctic Circle.110401:36:46,706 --> 01:36:49,122We have no horizon line, we have nothing.110501:36:49,247 --> 01:36:53,997We are on a white plate on the size of the universe.110601:37:05,997 --> 01:37:09,413Genesis made Sebastio again travel the world110701:37:09,788 --> 01:37:11,287for nearly a decade.110801:37:11,957 --> 01:37:16,582It was to show nature, animals, places and people110901:37:16,706 --> 01:37:19,538They are living as the beginning of time.111001:37:19,664 --> 01:37:22,247A more optimistic view of the same planet111101:37:22,373 --> 01:37:27,497Sebastio had looked hurt and destroyed.111201:37:29,082 --> 01:37:31,997Genesis was to be his great work.111301:37:32,125 --> 01:37:34,373A love letter to the planet.111401:37:49,748 --> 01:37:52,831Zo' had representations in writings of the sixteenth century Jesuits111501:37:52,957 --> 01:37:56,416Amazon coming and reported on a people111601:37:56,542 --> 01:37:59,623who wore a kind of tube in the lower lip.111701:37:59,750 --> 01:38:02,998These Indians never been seen.111801:38:03,125 --> 01:38:05,457We thought it was a fable111901:38:05,583 --> 01:38:07,875or an invention of the Jesuits,112001:38:08,001 --> 01:38:10,416until the end of the forties,112101:38:10,710 --> 01:38:12,957when we contacted them again.112201:38:13,542 --> 01:38:17,666Estado de Par, Brasil Tribe Zoe, 2009112301:39:42,837 --> 01:39:45,212These Indians live in paradise.112401:39:46,380 --> 01:39:48,628The only place I've seen in my life112501:39:48,755 --> 01:39:51,962where women have 3, 4 or 5 husbands112601:39:52,546 --> 01:39:55,087and many other women's husbands.112701:39:56,380 --> 01:39:58,420The woman has a husband hunter,112801:39:58,921 --> 01:40:00,587un fisherman husband,112901:40:01,087 --> 01:40:04,545a husband who works a little agriculture113001:40:04,755 --> 01:40:08,920a husband who is close to home and helps you do all ...113101:40:09,131 --> 01:40:11,462Women have tremendous power.113201:40:11,588 --> 01:40:15,421Have dominion over from men,113301:40:15,546 --> 01:40:17,170bastante considerable.113401:40:49,922 --> 01:40:54,131Something that has always seemed very interesting to these peoples113501:40:54,340 --> 01:40:58,131It is that the people had a full awareness of their image.113601:40:58,756 --> 01:41:00,756When I was going to take a picture,113701:41:01,382 --> 01:41:05,215the person knew I was going to represent your image113801:41:06,216 --> 01:41:09,422At first they were somewhat interested, then let them be interested.113901:41:11,007 --> 01:41:13,047It was not his world.114001:41:13,257 --> 01:41:16,631However, I was very interested in my knife.114101:41:16,923 --> 01:41:21,547YPO my friend made me swear I'd give my knife.114201:41:21,673 --> 01:41:23,966But the head of the FNI114301:41:24,425 --> 01:41:28,007had made me promise not to give them anything,114401:41:28,134 --> 01:41:31,382to protect the purity of these Indians.114501:41:32,009 --> 01:41:34,257I said, "Look, we make a deal.114601:41:34,591 --> 01:41:39,091The day that you go and strip the knife out the window of the plane.114701:41:39,216 --> 01:41:41,759I will follow the path of the plane114801:41:41,885 --> 01:41:43,798and I find the knife. "114901:42:02,134 --> 01:42:04,510These plants are very old.115001:42:04,719 --> 01:42:07,467They are between 40 and 50 years.115101:42:11,926 --> 01:42:14,134The wonderful plants ...115201:42:15,176 --> 01:42:16,675ferns.115301:42:16,844 --> 01:42:21,092A shade plant, which grows in the middle of the jungle,115401:42:21,261 --> 01:42:23,510in the highest parts, here.115501:42:24,994 --> 01:42:27,010Hair reminds me of my mother.115601:42:27,136 --> 01:42:29,760My mother was a beautiful woman. Lot.115701:42:32,594 --> 01:42:35,176Those were your plants. When she died,115801:42:36,302 --> 01:42:39,176my father cared for him until he died.115901:42:39,301 --> 01:42:41,635After the we brought us.116001:42:47,511 --> 01:42:49,220Look, it's raining.116101:42:49,595 --> 01:42:50,676How pretty.116201:43:09,012 --> 01:43:12,927That land is very important to us.116301:43:13,470 --> 01:43:16,802We are closing a cycle with this land116401:43:17,512 --> 01:43:21,179and during that cycle she spent our lives.116501:43:21,305 --> 01:43:22,970He spent the lives of my parents,116601:43:23,701 --> 01:43:26,033step the life of my sisters,116701:43:26,387 --> 01:43:29,302and much of my life.116801:43:29,555 --> 01:43:34,387And now turn to add our lives to this.116901:43:34,514 --> 01:43:36,262My life and Leila again.117001:43:37,514 --> 01:43:39,845It remains our history.117101:43:39,971 --> 01:43:43,804It was part of my childhood and now it is my old age.117201:43:44,015 --> 01:43:45,304And the day I die,117301:43:45,430 --> 01:43:51,054We leave here the forest there was a bit before my time.117401:43:51,640 --> 01:43:54,471Therefore, you will complete a cycle.117501:43:54,765 --> 01:43:56,930It's the story of my life.117601:44:18,474 --> 01:44:21,430The man whose photographs have told us117701:44:21,556 --> 01:44:23,640thousands of stories about our planet,117801:44:23,765 --> 01:44:25,972It leaves us a great history and a great dream:117901:44:26,099 --> 01:44:28,180the destruction of nature can be reversed.118001:44:31,265 --> 01:44:36,056More than a thousand fountains watering again "Terra Institute".118101:44:36,182 --> 01:44:39,430There are already planted 2.5 million trees.118201:44:39,556 --> 01:44:42,097The wildlife has returned, even jaguars.118301:44:44,140 --> 01:44:47,431The earth is no longer possession of Salgado,118401:44:47,557 --> 01:44:49,849now a national park that belongs to everyone.118501:44:49,975 --> 01:44:53,974Is the demonstration that devastated lands anywhere118601:44:54,100 --> 01:44:56,306they can return to forest.