The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism

1812-1824

The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism

1812-1824

Causes of the ConflictCauses of the Conflict

• Orders in Council• Embargo and Non-

Intercourse Acts• War Hawks• British impressments• Canadian expansion

The War America Should Not Have Won

The War America Should Not Have Won

• U.S. 3-stage attack on Canada

• Fight for the Great Lakes• Battle for Lake Erie• Battle of Thames• Macdonough defeats the

British at Plattsburg• Washington, D.C. burns• Battle for Fort McHenry• Jackson and the Battle for

New Orleans

U.S. controls the water???U.S. controls the water???

• Ships only fight on the interior lakes

• U.S. ships more skillfully manned

• U.S. privateer influence

• British blockade• Effects on U.S.

economy

Treaty of GhentTreaty of Ghent

• “Not one inch of territory ceded or lost”

• Agreed to simply stop fighting

• Pre-war grievances ignored

• Fishing rights• Belgian city of Ghent

in 1814

Hartford ConventionHartford Convention

• New England Federalists • War opposition• Issue:Economic losses as

a result of war• 3/5 Compromise• 2/3 vote• Limiting term of President• Naturalized citizens

holding office - deny• End of War of 1812

silenced the demands

American SystemAmerican System

• Henry Clay• Second National Bank • Tariff of 1816• John Calhoun, Daniel

Webster, and Henry Clay’s influence

• Internal improvements fail

• Transportation improvements

Era of Good FeelingsEra of Good Feelings

• The Virginia dynasty• Death to the

Federalists• Sectionalism• Tariff Issue• Public land

speculation• Slavery issue

Judicial NationalismJudicial Nationalism

• McCulloch v. Maryland

• Cohens v. Virginia• Gibbons v. Ogden• Fletcher v. Peck• Asserting federal

authority• Limiting states’ rights

Warning!Warning!

• Monroe and Secretary of State Adams’ sense of nationalism

• Fight off European despots

• Spanish removal

• Russia stretches influence to San Francisco

• British/American alliance

• 1823-Monroe Doctrine