http://www.c

m/news/jess

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Ch 4.2

•BIG IDEA: In 1898 the United States went to war with Spain in the Spanish-American War.

• The United States gained territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.

• In the late 1890s, Cubans rebelled against Spain. Led by Jose Marti

–José Martí, an exiled leader of Cuba’s revolution, fled to New York City. He raised money from Americans and began purchasing weapons and training troops to prepare for an invasion of Cuba.

William Randolph

Hearst

• At the start of the Cuban revolution, Americans were neutral.

• But after reports in two newspapers, the New York Journal owned by William Randolph Hearstand the New York World owned by Joseph Pulitzer, Americans began to side with the rebels.

Joseph Pulitzer

“You furnish the pictures

and I’ll furnish the war.”

--William Randolph Hearst

•Shocking stories and

outrageous illustrations

based on little factual

information.

• Newspaper competitors

(Hearst & Pulitzer)

exaggerated stories to sell

their newspapers.

•This influence the start of

the Spanish American War.

“I have seen the

dead piled up, and

I do not want to

see another.”-President McKinley

McKinley has “no

more backbone

than a chocolate

éclair!” I want

WAR!

-T. Roosevelt

(Assistant Sec. of

the Navy)

• Spain’s minister wrote an insulting letter to the U.S. & Hearst printed it in the paper.• The letter accused

McKinley or being “weak and catering to the rabble.”

• Americans looked at this as an insult.

• “Jingoes” people who loved to see a fight, they wanted the US to go to war.

• America brought its warships to Havana to evacuate any American citizens in Cuba

• In February 1898, the USS Maine, anchored in Havana, Cuba, exploded, killing 266 American officers and sailors. Although no one knows why the ship exploded, many Americans blamed Spain due to yellow journalism.

• In 1898, after much pressure, McKinley authorized Congress to declare war on Spain.

Reasons why America went to war with Spain

1. Yellow

Journalism that

built up public

pressure for war 2. Americans

tended to compare

the Cuban

revolution with their

own American

Revolution

3. Blamed Spain

for the explosion of

the USS Maine

What is yellow journalism?

• Scandalous stories and shocking

illustrations based on little factual

information

Why did Hearst and Pulitzer

engage in yellow journalism?

• They wanted to sell more newspapers

than the other

Why did America go to war with

Spain? (3 reasons)

1. Yellow Journalism that built up public pressure for war

2. Americans tended to compare the Cuban insurrection with their own American Revolution

3. Blame for the explosion of the USS Maine

1. What is something you wish your parents would let you do?

2. One word to describe Einstein?

3. Adjective to describe a strict teacher

4. Describe a bully in one word

5. What would be the worst way to die?

6. Describe how you think Justin Bieber would justify his behavior

7. Song Title of your favorite song

8. One word to describe your favorite place

9. Why are some people scared to ask someone they like out?

10. Describe someone you highly dislike

11. Make up a mean name for someone (no bad words)

12. How would you feel if you won a million dollar lottery but lost the ticket?

13. What would be Batman’s last words to the Joker?

14. Another word for “grow”

15. What would happen to a 2 liter bottle if you put a firecracker inside?

16. Describe the scene if there was zombie apocalypse

17. Any number

18. One word to describe Saturday School

19. A word that rhymes “Lane”

Complete with

your partner

• Cuba and Philippines

(both colonies of

Spain)

• Rebels in both Cuba

and Philippines aided

America in their fight

against the Spanish.

• Filipinos believed they

were fighting for their

independence

• The American army was untrained and unequipped.

• Poor conditions in training camps resulted in more Americans dying in training than in battle

500,000 pounds of rotting canned

meat sold to the army by AMOUR &

CO of Chicago. Some tines were so

foul they had burst

Emilio

Aguinaldo

• The U.S. Navy won a quick victory over the Spanish Pacific fleet in the Philippines on May 1, 1898.

• No US men were killed in battle.

• On August 13, U.S. troops and Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo took control of the Philippine capital of Manila.

America has

come to Free

the Filipinos.

But we need

your help.

Yes! At long

last

Independence

is near!

Admiral Dewey

Mount up!

• Before becoming President

of the United States,

Theodore Roosevelt was the

Assistant Secretary of the

Navy.

• He resigned in 1898 to

organize the Rough Riders,

the first voluntary cavalry in

the Spanish-American War.

• Diverse group of cowboys,

miners, law enforcement

officials, and Native

Americans

• In June 1898 they participated in the capture of Kettle Hill, and then charged across a valley to assist in the seizure of San Juan Ridge, the highest point of which is San Juan Hill.

• Both attacks were American victories.

• 7,000 US troops vs 600 Spanish

Rough Riders & Buffalo Soldiers

Out of America's 25,000-man standing army, 2,500 were experienced black

veterans. For over twenty years, they had been fighting America's Indian wars

on the deserts and plains of the West. The Cheyenne called them "Buffalo

Soldiers" for their courage in battle and their rough, shaggy appearance.

"We left our homes, wives, mothers, sisters and friends to break down that

infernal race prejudice and to have a page in history ascribed to us."

• On December 10, 1898,

the United States and

Spain signed the Treaty

of Paris.• Cuba became an

“independent” country.

• United States acquired

Puerto Rico, Guam, & the

Philippines.

• This treaty made the

United States an imperial

power.

• Sweet victory for the

U.S.- John Hay

ambassador to Great

Britain in a letter to

Theodore Roosevelt

called it “A splendid little

war”.• Costs to the U.S.

• $250 million and over

2,000 soldier deaths

• Huge payoff for U.S

What did most American

soldiers die of?

• Disease and food poisoning

What countries did the US gain some form

of control over as a result of the Spanish-

American War?

• Cuba

• Puerto Rico

• Guam

• Philippines

• After the war, the United States set up a military government in Cuba.

• Steps were taken to ensure that Cuba would remain tied to the United States. The Platt Amendment specified

• that Cuba had to allow the United States to buy or lease naval stations in Cuba.

• The United States had the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

• Cuba reluctantly accepted the Amendment

• Protectorate- A country that is technically independent but is actually under the control of another country– After the Spanish

American War Cuba was a protectorate of the US under the Platt Amendment

• Despite promising

Emilio Aguinaldo

independence the US

intends to keep the

Philippines- Filipinos

REVOLT

• 70,000 US troops fight 3

years

• Hundreds of thousands

Filipinos die

• 1902 - US sets up govt.

with some local control

• 1946 - Philippines

become independent

• With the acquisition of new territories the United States had to examine the constitutional rights and citizenship of these people in the new American territories.

How did the Platt Amendment benefit

the United States?

• Allowed the US to build and keep a military base in Cuba

• The United States had the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.

What is a country called that is

technically independent but is actually

under the control of another country?

• Protectorate

After the US acquired new territories as a

result of the Spanish American war what

was the issue they had to deal with?

• the constutional rights and citizenship of

these people in the new American territories