the spl study and the cryomodule development work · the spl study and the cryomodule development...
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![Page 1: The SPL study and the cryomodule development work · The SPL study and the cryomodule development work TE magnet seminar, 5 October 2010 V.Parm TEa, -MSC (with lots of contributions](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022040817/5e6214f54eb8e7134254758a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The SPL study and the cryomoduledevelopment work
TE magnet seminar, 5 October 2010
V.Parma, TE-MSC
(with lots of contributions from SPL members)
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Outline
• Introduction to the SPL: why so interesting?• Work organisation and objectives• SPL Layout studies • Cavities, tuners and couplers• Cryomodule:
– Mechanics and alignment– Cryogenics– Schematics
• Summary and Next steps
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Who says SPL is dead??
…so, SPL is alive and in (quite) good shape!
MTP
201
1-20
15, p
ag. 6
-7
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The SPL study at CERN• Initially aimed at LHC luminosity up-grade (LP-SPL): now stopped• Now R&D study for a 5 GeV multi MW power beam, the HP-SPL• Major interest for non-LHC physics: Fixed Target/Neutrino Factory
(but also ISOLDEII/EURISOL)
Length: ~540 m
Ejec
tion
to
Euri
sol
High βcryomodules
12 x 8β=1 cavities
Medium βcryomodule
High βcryomodules
Ejec
tion
20 x 3β=0.65 cavities
5 x 8β=1 cavities
6 x 8β=1 cavities
TT6
toIS
OLD
E
Debunchers
To f
ixed
tar
get/μ
fact
ory
High βcryomodules
From
Lin
ac4
0 m0.16 GeV
110 m0.79 GeV
186 m1.4 GeV
~300 m2.5 GeV
HP-SPL beam characteristics
~500 m5 GeV
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SPS
PS2
SPL
Linac4
PS
ISOLDE
Layout injector complex
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J.P.Delahaye, IHEP 2010
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J.P.Delahaye, IHEP 2010
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J.P.Delahaye, IHEP 2010
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Beyond elementary particle physics: Spallation Sources• SNS (US) and its power upgrade (1.4 MW3 MW)• MYRRHA Project. Irradiation research facility for:
• Fuel testing for fast reactors• Material testing for fusion• Transmutation testing of long-lived radiactive waste• Production of medical radio-isotopes (99Mo)
• ESS-Scandinavia: spallation for material research
• ESS linac: a first “spin-off” of the SPL study
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SPL parameters(https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/SPL/SPLparameterList, by F.Gerigk)
Parameter Unit HP-SPL HP-SPL LP-SPLlow-current high-current
Energy [GeV] 5 5 4 Beam power [MW] 4 4 0.192 Repetition rate [Hz] 50 50 2 Average pulse current [mA] 20 40 0-20
Peak pulse current [mA] 32 64 32 Source current [mA] 40 80 40 Chopping ratio [%] 62 62 62 Beam pulse length [ms] 0.8 0.4 0.9
filling time constant taul (b=0.65/1.0)
[ms] 0.54/0.55 0.27/0.27 0.54/0.55
actual cavity filling time: ln(4) x taul
[ms] 0.75/0.76 0.37/0.38 0.75/0.76
RF pulse length (filling time + flat top)
[ms] 1.55/1.56 0.78/0.78 1.65/1.66
Protons per pulse for PS2
[1014] 1.0 1.0 1.13
Beam duty cycle [%] 4 2 0.18 RF duty cycle [%] 7.8 3.9 0.33 Cryogenics duty cycle [%] 8.2 4.1 0.35
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Coordinator External partners
WG1: RF hardware (low level & high power)
E. Ciapala Cockcroft Institute, ESS + (FNAL, SNS, JLAB, ANL)
WG2: Cavities (structures & auxiliary equipment)
W. Weingarten CEA-Saclay, CNRS-Orsay, TRIUMF, StonyBrook + RHUL + (JLAB, SNS)
WG3: Cryomodule (cryostat &cryogenics)
V. Parma CEA-Saclay, CNRS-Orsay, Stony Brook + (FNAL)
WG4: Beam dynamics (beam parameters)
A. Lombardi CEA-Saclay, TRIUMF, Soltan Institute,ESS
Architecture (layout & geometry, extraction, transfer)
F. Gerigk
Surface treatment and vacuum S. Calatroni
Mechanical design and construction
O. Capatina
Working Groups
Study leader: R. Garoby
Organization
SPL documentation in EDMS [ https://edms.cern.ch/nav/SLHC-000008 ]
SPL meetings in Indico [ http://indico.cern.ch/categoryDisplay.py?categId=1893 ]
SPL Collaboration
(Courtesy R.Garoby)
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Milestones for cavities and cryomodule2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4SM18 - 2K Cryogenics
Vcryo.
X
SM18modulator 1 2
SM18 - 704 MHz High Power RF X
High Power RF couplers 4 >4 >8
Superconductingcavities >4 >8
Assembled string of 4 cavities X
Horiz. test cryostat (4 cav.) X
Equipped horiz. test cryostat X
High power RF tests in test cryo. X
Assembled string of 8 cavities X
8 cavities cryomodule X
Equipped cryomodule X
High power RF tests in full CM X
From industry
(ESS)
~ in-phase with ESS
design update
(Courtesy R.Garoby)
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WG3: cryomodulesSystem/Activity Responsible/member Lab
Machine architecture F.Gerigk CERN
WG3 coordination V.Parma CERN
Cryo-module design & Integration CERN V.Parma (A.Vande Craen). Team: N.Bourcey, P.Coelho, O.Capatina, D.Caparros, Th.Renaglia
CERN
Cryo-module detailed design/Integration & Cryostat assembly tooling (CNRS)
P.Duthil (P.Duchesne) + CNRS Team
CNRS/IN2P3-Orsay
WG 2 activity (RF cavities/Hevessel/tuner, RF coupler)
W.Weingarten/S.Chel/O.Capatina/E.Montesinos
CERN, CEA-Saclay
Vacuum systems S.Calatroni CERN
Cryogenics U.Wagner CERN
Survey and alignment D.Missiaen CERN
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WG3: where to find relevant docs
• Minutes of meetings of the WG3:– https://edms.cern.ch/nav/P:SLHC-000008:V0/P:SLHC-000047:V0/TAB3
• Baseline documentation on cryomodule:– https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/SPL/CryoModules
• Other relevant docs. (collaboration meetings, workshops, reviews…) in the “SPL study” EDMS space:– https://edms.cern.ch/nav/P:SLHC-000008:V0/P:SLHC-000008:V0/TAB3
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The SPL study: a new orientationNew objective of the SPL study (after Chamonix 2010 + a first budget cut):
Up to 2013:• Focus on R&D for key technologies for the high intensity proton source (HP
SPL)
In particular:• Development, manufacture and test of high-gradient β=1, 5 cells, 704 MHz
cavities• Development, manufacture and test of RF couplers• Testing of a string of 4 β=1 cavities in machine-type configuration:
Need for a short cryomodule for testing purposes
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Short cryo-module: Goal & MotivationGoal:• Design and construct a ½-lenght cryo-module for 4 β=1 cavities (as close as
possible to a machine-type cryomodule)
Motivation:• Test-bench for RF testing on a multi-cavity assembly driven by a single or
multiple RF source(s)• Enable RF testing of cavities in horizontal position, housed in machine-type
configuration (helium tanks with tuners, and powered by machine-type RF couplers)
• Validate by testing critical components like RF couplers, tuners, HOM couplers in their real operating environment
Cryo-module-related goals:• Learning of the critical assembly phases:
– preparation of a long string of cavities in clean room– alignment/assembly in the cryostat;
• Proof-of-concept of the innovative supporting of cavities via the RF couplers• Explore cryogenic operation issues
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Planned supplies for the β=1short cryo-module
Institute Responsible person
Description of contribution
CEA – Saclay (F) S. Chel(G.Devanz)
1. Design & construction of 1 β=1 cavities (EuCARD task 10.2.2)2. Design & construction of 5 helium vessels for β=1 cavities
(French in-kind contribution)3. Supply of 8 tuners (French in-kind contribution)
CNRS - IPN – Orsay (F) P. Duthil(P.Duchesne)
1. Design and construction of short cryo-module cryostat (French in-kind contribution)
2. Design & construction of cryostat assembly tools (French in-kind contribution)
CERN O.Capatina 1. 4 β=1 cavities (cavities from industry, surface treatment at CERN)
CERN E.Montesinos 1. 8 +1 RF couplers (testing in CEA, French in-kind contribution)
Stony Brook/BNL/AES team
I.Ben-zvi (Under DOE grant)1. Designing, building and testing of 1 β=1 SPL cavity
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SPL longitudinal layoutstudies
Workshop on cryogenic and vacuum sectorisations of the SPL(November 9-10, 2009)
Large participation from other labs: FNAL, JLAB, SNS, XFEL...
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Issues discussed• Machine availability:
• Reliability and operational risks
• Maintainability
• Design and operation complexity
• Installation and commissioning
• Safety. Coping with incidents: Loss of beam and/or insulation vacuum (helium and air leaks):
• Cost
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« Continuous » cryostat version (more compact):
HP-SPL length = 485 m (550 m max available space)
« segmented » version (with cryo distribution line):
HP-SPL length = 535 m (550 m max available space)
«Continuous» vs. «fully segmented» SPL layouts
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• Drivers:– Availability:
• Reliability/Maintainability. Components with technical risk: calls for quick replacement of complete cryo-module (spares needed)
– Safety: coping with incidents: accidental loss of beam/cavity vacuum:• Cold valves not available (XFEL is considering their development)Adopt warm (moderately fast) interlocked beam vacuum valves
“Segmented” layout with CDL preferred
• Additional advantages:– Magnets warm: less critical, accessible, individual alignment,– Cryo-module alignment requirements can ne relaxed (by a factor of 3)
• Drawbacks:– Less compact layout (~+10% extra lenght) – More equipment (CDL, CWT, instrumentation...):– Higher static heat loads (but dynamic loads dominate!)
Conclusions on sectorisation
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β=0.65 cryo-module
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β=1 cryo-module
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From 8 to 4 cavities…How??
…just remove 4 cavities!
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Coping with the “ghost” cavities…
• Assume they still exist and design the systems as if they where there:– Cryogenics (p,T, mass flows)
– Distribution lines (ID, pres.drops)
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Cryo-module development
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What is cryostat design all about??
But…providing:
• Supporting and stable positioning
• Low (enough) heat inleaks
• Feed-throughs for integrated systems:– Powering (current, RF)
– Cryogenics
– Instrumentation
• Integration of key equip.:– BPM, ancillaries:
– Cryogenic/vacuum equip: phase sep., valves, …
– …
Passive element(cryostat and
ancillaries)
Active element(magnet, cavity…)
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Active elements:
- Cavities/tuners- RF couplers
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SC CavitiesParameter Units Beta = 1 (nominal/ultimate)Cavity bath temperature [K] 2.0 Frequency [MHz] 704.4
Accelerating gradient [MV/m] 25 Quality factor (x10^9), Qo 10/5 R/Q value 570 Cryogenic duty cycle [%] 4.11/8.22 Dynamic heat load p. cavity [W] 5.1/20.4
Nominal: 40 mA/0.4 ms beam pulse ; Ultimate: 20 mA/0.8 ms beam pulse.
Typical Qo-Eacc curveQoQR
accVPd⋅
=/
2
Power dissipation
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What we know (= deterministic) and can cope with
(O.Brunner et al. “Assessment of the basic parameters for the CERN Superconducting Proton Linac”, Phy. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 12, 070402, (2009))
( )K/
K/18exp
GHz/10n/ 25
TTfRBCS
s
−
⋅⋅=Ω
“Wolgangs’s recipe” (based on BCS and Mattis-Berdeen theory), in CW: fix parameters:
wall thickness = 3 mm Nb (RRR = 100) geometrical length β = 1 residual resistance Rres
with T-dependent surface resistance Rs (Tc/T) thermal conductivity λ nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient α Kapitza resistance in HeII
under the constraints of max. magnetic field of
Bp = 200 mT∙[1-(T/Tc)2] max. nucleate boiling heat flux in He of 0.5 W/cm2
max. heat flux in HeII of 0.5 W/cm2
Cavity vacuum
helium
Nb wall
T
Kapitza
Bp
for β=1:• 25 MV/m can be achieved (also @ 4.5K)• even more true in pulsed mode
Local cavity surface
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What we still do not understand well (stocastic) (the Devil is in the detail!)
(O.Brunner et al. “Assessment of the basic parameters for the CERN Superconducting Proton Linac”, Phy. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 12, 070402, (2009))
Influencing quantity Impact quantity Physical explanation Cure
Field emission sites (foreign particles sticking to the surface, size, density)
Q – value / acc. gradientγ radiationHOM coupler quench
Modified Fowler-Nordheim-theory
Electro-polishingAssembling in dust-free airRinsing with ultrapure water (control of resistivity and particulate content of outlet water) and alcoholHigh pressure ultrapure water rinsing (ditto)“He- processing”Heat treatment @ 800 – 1400 °C
Secondary emission coefficient δ
Electron-multipacting Theory of secondary electron emission
Rounded shape of cavityRinsing with ultrapure waterBake-outRF - Processing
Unknown Q – slope / Q-drop(Q – value / acc. gradient)
Unknown Annealing 150 °CElectro-polishing
Metallic normal-conducting inclusions in Nb
Acc. gradient Local heating up till critical temperature of Nb
Inspection of Nb sheets (eddy current or SQUID scanning)Removal of defects ( ≈ 1 µm)Sufficiently large thermal conductivity (30 - 40 [W/(mK)])
Residual surface resistance
Q – value / acc. gradient Unknown to large extent
Quality assurance control of a multitude of parameters
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Experience from other labs
(O.Brunner et al. “Assessment of the basic parameters for the CERN Superconducting Proton Linac”, Phy. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 12, 070402, (2009))
So, for β=1: • 16-23 MV/m range possible (90% yield)• 20-30 MV/m within reach (but 50% yield!)
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(S.Chel et al. (CEA), 4th SPL Collaboration meeting, Lund, 1st July 2010)
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Cavities for the SPL short cryo-module: CEA• 1 cavity (+ ancillaries) from CEA (EuCARD, CNI-PP-SLHC, French in-kind)
– Manufacture in industry (September 2011)
– Surface preparation in Saclay (SupraTech)
– Low power RF tests (vertical cryostat) in Saclay (SupraTech)
– Cavity/helium vessel assy (+ tuner) delivery to CERN: December 2012
Vertical EP station (ready by end 2010)
HP rinsing (in commissioning)Courtesy: S.Chel (CEA/IRFU)
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Cavities for the SPL short cryo-module: CERN4 cavities to be made by CERN (joint BE/RF, EN/MME, TE/VSC effort):
• Manufacture: – Nb sheets purchased, now under qualification
– Call for Tender for cavity manufacture: by end 2010
– Cavities manufactured by end 2011
• Surface preparation @ CERN in 2012– EP station in preparation
– Simulation of EP process is ongoing
– Cathode for EP of β = 1 cavities completed to be manufacture by end 2010
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Manufacture/surface preparation (using DESY’s recipe for XFEL)
Main manufacturing/surface preparation steps
Spinning of half-cells
Machining for iris and stiffening rings welding preparation
RF measurement of half-cell frequency
Ultrasonic cleaning; Etching (20 µm)
3 µm chemical cleaning if storage time > 8h after previous step
EB welding of the iris from inside
EB welding of stiffening rings
Frequency measurement of dumb-bell
Machining of both equator ends / evaluation of frequency
Ultrasonic cleaning; Etching 20 µm
Anodization of dumb-bell and inspection
Grinding if needed + 20 µm etching, rinsed, dried, anodized again
3 µm chemical cleaning
EB welding from outside of all equators (intermediate 3µm etching)
EP 150 microns
UHV annealing at 800°C
Field flatness measurement
flash BCP 10 microns or final EP 30 microns
alcohol rinsing, drying in class 10
UHV baking at 120°
HPR at 100 bars (6 times), drying in class 10
Dumb-bell (Desy, 1.3 GHz)
Input: O.Capatina (EN-MME)
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Pipework and acid tank
Ready to be installed in the safety cabinet foreseen for the treatment
Courtesy: Sergio Calatroni (TE-VSC)
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Walk-in booth
All cabling and services connections have been performed
Separated environment with dedicated air washer for safety
Courtesy: Sergio Calatroni (TE-VSC)
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Manufacture/processing of cavityMain steps (DESY’s recipe for XFEL)
Spinning of half-cells
Machining for iris and stiffening rings welding preparation
RF measurement of half-cell frequency
Ultrasonic cleaning; Etching (20 µm)
3 µm chemical cleaning if storage time > 8h after previous step
EB welding of the iris from inside
EB welding of stiffening rings
Frequency measurement of dumb-bell
Machining of both equator ends / evaluation of frequency
Ultrasonic cleaning; Etching 20 µm
Anodization of dumb-bell and inspection
Grinding if needed + 20 µm etching, rinsed, dried, anodized again
3 µm chemical cleaning
EB welding from outside of all equators (intermediate 3µm etching)
EP 150 microns
UHV annealing at 800°C
Field flatness measurement
flash BCP 10 microns or final EP 30 microns
alcohol rinsing, drying in class 10
UHV baking at 120°
HPR at 100 bars (6 times), drying in class 10
Freq.measurement (DESY 1.3 GHz dumb-bell)
Spinning trials at CERN
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(S.Chel et al. (CEA), 4th SPL Collaboration meeting, Lund, 1st July 2010)
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“Dressed” Cavity (CERN mods of CEA’s design)
Includes specific features for cryo-module integration (inter-cavity supports, cryogenic feeds, magnetic shielding …)
Cavity (Nb)He vessel (Ti)Tuner
RF coupler port
Magnetic shielding (cryoperm™)
HOM port
Th.Renaglia, EN-MME
Pumping port
Cool-down line port
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March 2010 SPL Coupler Review:Launch Coaxial and Cylindrical air cooled couplers
Keep open the three possible designs:
• SPL-CEA HIPPI coaxial disk water cooled window (if necessary, to be modified with an air cooled window)
• SPL-SPS coaxial disk air cooled window
• SPL-LHC cylindrical air cooled window
All use the same double walled tube
All use the same vacuum gauge, electron monitor and arc detector
All designed to be compatible without modifying the cryomodule
42
SPL coupler with LHC Window
SPL coupler with SPS Window
Fourth SPL Collaboration Meeting - Jointly with ESS, Lund, June 2010.
Courtesy E. Montesinos, Ed Ciapala (BE-RF)
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Coaxial disk air cooled window (SPS window)
43
Antenna and outer ceramic air cooling
Ceramic and waveguide air cooling
Spring washers
RF contact
SPS Window: very simple brazing process
RF contact without stress to the ceramicby compression of the outer line through the air “cane”
Air “cane”
Fourth SPL Collaboration Meeting - Jointly with ESS, Lund, June 2010.
Courtesy E. Montesinos, Ed Ciapala (BE-RF)
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Putting it all together
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Actively cooled RF coupler tube
Vacuum vessel
Heater
Helium gas cooling the double wall
4.5 K
300 K
No cooling T profile 21W to 2K
Cooling (42 mg/sec) T profile 0.1 W to 2K
SPL coupler double walled tube, active cooling to limit static heat loads• Connected at one end to cavity at 2K, other end at RT (vessel)• Requires elec. Heater to keep T > dew point (when RF power off)
(O.Capatina, Th.Renaglia)
Massflowmgram/sec
21 23 28 35 42
Power ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON OFF
Temp.gas out
286 K 277 K 283 K 273 K 271 K 242 K 255 K 205 K 232 K 180 K
Q thermal load to 2K
2.4 W 0.1 W 1.7 W 0.1 W 0.4 W 0.1 W 0.1 W 0.1 W 0.1 W 0.1 W
Q heater 19 W 32 W 21 W 34 W 29 W 38 W 39 W 41 W 46 W 44 W
∆L 0.1 mm
(0.63-0.53)mm0.05 mm
(0.66-0.61)~ 0 mm
(0.67-0.67)
Yields a certain degree of position uncertainty (<0.1 mm?)
Vacuum vessel
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Coupler position: top or bottom...?
Pros ContrasEasier mounting of waveguides
Interferes with bi-phase tube move sideways
Easier access (needed?) Waveguides/coupler more exposed to personnel/handling (damage, breaking window?)
... ...
Pros ContrasCentered bi-phase tube symmetry
Space needs for waveguides under cryostat
Waveguides/coupler protected
If coupler not a support (bellows) support on top, i.e. centered tube not possible
... ...
No strong decision-making argument...
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HOM coupler• Provisions made to house an HOM coupler (resonator type)• Port foreseen opposite to RF coupler port• Superconducting, cooled at 2K• The HOM coupler needs to be on top• ...so the RF coupler is at the bottom
e.g. LHC HOM coupler
HOM port
RF coupler port
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Cavity Supporting System: alignment
BUDGET OF TOLERANCE
Step Sub-step Tolerances (3σ) Total envelopes
Cryo-module assembly
Cavity and He vessel assembly ± 0.1 mm Positioning of the cavity w.r.t. beam axis
± 0.5 mmSupporting system assembly ± 0.2 mm
Vacuum vessel construction ± 0.2 mm
Transport and handling (± 0.5 g any direction)
N.A. ± 0.1 mm
Stability of the cavity w.r.t. beam axis
± 0.3 mmTesting/operation
Vacuum pumping
± 0.2 mm
Cool-down
RF tests
Warm-up
Thermal cycles
Cons
truc
tion
prec
isio
nLo
ng-t
erm
sta
bilit
y
Transversal position specification
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Comparing supporting solutions
A) Coupler supporting scheme B) “standard” supporting scheme
Pros ContrasDesign simplicity: cost effectiveness
Vacuum vessel:- Stiffness (thickness,stiffeners)- Dim. stability- Precision machining- Cost
Single cavity adjustment at assy
Positioning stability(thermal, weld relieving...)
Inter-cavity guiding
Pros ContrasBetter mechanical isolation of cavities from external perturbations: dim.changes (thermal, weld relieving), vibrations...
Design complexity and cost
Vacuum vessel simplicity:-Reduced machining precision- reduced thickness
Central support needed (?)
Complex cavity adjustment at assy
A) Chosen as baseline (“simple is nice”)
Note: supported by calculations made by Paulo Azvedo Coelho, TE-MSC fellow
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Need inter-cavity support structure?
l- If sag small enough- If strenght OK- isostatic
- couple cavities- hyperstatic
No
Yes
Equivalent sketchLayout
inter-cavity guides
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P.Coelho Moreira de Azevedo
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Inter-cavity supports
Scheme of link between cavities:
The stainless steel cylinders have a length of 420 mm and a diameter of 40mm.P. Coelho, TE-MSC
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W Wtuner (x4) Wcav (x4)
Vertical displacement in mm - body deformation amplified 100 times
The cavities are not part of the model. The loads are the distributed weight of the represented components, tuners and cavities.
P. Coelho, TE-MSC
Vertical deflections < 0.15 mm, considered acceptable
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He vessel and cavity
Vertical displacement (m); Total deformation amplified 300x.
WWtuner
Cavity Max. Displacement – 0.18 mm
He Vessel Max. Displacement – 0.10 mm
P. Coelho, TE-MSC
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Assembly possibilities...
• Single-window RF coupler needs assembly to cavities in clean room
• Defines minimum diameter of “pipeline” type vessel:– Lenght of double-walled tube– Integration of thermal shield
A) Either...
B) Or...
• Simple in the cross section...But...• Non trivial design of end-caps• Leak-tightness: seal? welded?
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Cryogenics
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Heat Loads (per cavity)Heat loads @ 2K (He bath) beta=0.65 beta=1
nominal/ultimate
beam loss 1 W 1 W
static losses <1 W (tbc) <1 W (tbc)
accelerating field 19.3 MV/m 25 MV/m
quality factor 6/3 x 109 10/5 x 109
cryo duty cycle 4.09%/8.17% 4.11%/8.22%
power coupler loss at 2 K <0.2/<0.2 W <0.2/<0.2 W
HOM loss in cavity at 2 K <1/<3 W <1/<3 W
HOM coupler loss at 2 K (per coupl.)
<0.2/<0.2 W <0.2/<0.2 W
dynamic heat load per cavity 4.2/16.8 W 5.1/20.4 W
Total @ 2 K 7.6/22.2 W 8.5/25.8 W
+15% margin (for testing) 8.7/25.3 W 9.8/30 W
(For 8 beta=1 cavity cryomodule: 8x30=240W, equivalent to 11.5 g/s helium flow)
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Where are we on the phase diagram?
31 mbar
Slightly pressurized (ϱgz 1.4-7 mbar)
Tsat +25-100 mK
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Cryogenic scheme (latest version)
EE’ C
C2
XB
X YC3C1
L
U.Wagner, TE-CRG
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Filling and cooling Lines X and Y
• Line X– Bi-phase saturated helium, co-current two-phase flow
– “Roman fountains” on string of cavities (excess liquid pours to next cavity)
– Limit gas mass flow to preserve stratification (avoid liquid droplets entrainment): for ID 100, with m= 11 g/s v< 2 m/s , OK
• Line Y– Heat extraction in LHeII (minimum X section) ID80 OK
– On highest point of He vessel can evacuate vapours if operated @ 4.5 K– Local cavity filling (line C3, for prototype only?)
– Local level measurement (for prototype only?)
– Local feed-through of cool-down line (C1)
C3LT
C1
C1
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Pipe sizes and T, p operating conditions
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Short cryomodule: layout sketch
Connection to cryo distribution line
CW transition
RF coupler, bottom left sideCavity additional support
1.7% Slope (adjustable -2% to +2%)
Cryo fill line (Y), top left Technical Service Module
EndModule
Phase sep.
A.Vande Craen (MSC-CI)
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Master Schedule
Preliminary Design Review
Detailed Design Review
Start of assembly at CERN
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Summary and Next steps• Despite budget cuts, the SPL study is now well settled in CERN’s MTP and enjoys a
great interest from external labs and projects
• Existing collaborations (French institutes in particular) are well in progress and momentum is catching up with ESS (=resources round the corner)
• Major components are in preparation: Cavities, tuners, couplers…
• CERN is learning back about cavities manufacture, profiting from CEA and XFEL experience
• CERN is setting up its own surface treatment facilities for EP processing
• Cryomodule conceptual design well advanced
Next steps:
• Short Cryo-module specification meeting: 19th October next– Address Test plan in SM18
– Discuss/freeze requirements for the short cryomodule
• 5th Collaboration meeting (workshop): CERN, 25th-26th November next
• Short Cryomodule Preliminary Design Review: beginning of 2011
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Thank you for your attention!
SPL
“The Sacred Bird”
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Spare slides
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“continuous” cryostat
String of cryo-modules between TSM
Technical Service Module (TSM)
Cold-Warm Transition (CWT)
• “Long” and “continuous” string of cavities in common cryostat• Cold beam tube• “straight” cryogenic lines in main cryostat• common insulation vacuum (between vacuum barriers, if any
present)
Insulation vacuum barrier
Warm beam vacuum gate valve
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“segmented” cryostat
String of (or single) cryo-modules
Technical Service Module (TSM)
Cold-Warm Transition (CWT)
• Cryostat is “segmented”: strings of (or single) cryo-modules, 2 CWT each• Warm beam zones (where warm quads can be)• Cryogenic Distributio Line (CDL) needed• Individual insulation vacuum on every string of cryo-module (Vacuum
Barriers, w.r.t. CDL)
Cryogenic Distribution Line (CDL)
Insulation vacuum barrier
Warm beam vacuum gate valve
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Cryogenic-specific parameters(https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/SPL/SPLparameterList, by F.Gerigk)
Parameter Units Beta = 0.65 Beta = 1nominal/ultimate nominal/ultimate
Cavity bath temperature [K] 2.0 2.0 Beam loss [W/m] 1.0 1.0 Static loss along cryo-modules at 2 K [W/m] TBD TBD
Static loss at 5-280 K [W/m] TBD TBDAccelerating gradient [MV/m] 19.3 25 Quality factor (x10^9) 6/3 10/5 R/Q value 290 570 Cryogenic duty cycle [%] 4.09/8.17 4.11/8.22 Coupler loss at 2.0 K [W] <0.2/0.2 <0.2/0.2 HOM loss at 2.0 K in cavity [W] <1/<3 <1/<3
HOM coupler loss at 2.0 K (per coupler) <0.2 /0.2 <0.2/0.2
HOM & Coupler loss 5-280 K [g/s] 0.05 0.05 Tunnel slope [%] 1.7% 1.7% Magnet operating temperature [K] ambient ambient
No of cavities 60 200 No of cryostats 20 25 Cavities per cryostat 3 8 Dynamic heat load p. cavity [W] 4.2/16.8 W 5.1/20.4 W
Nominal: 40 mA/0.4 ms beam pulse ; Ultimate: 20 mA/0.8 ms beam pulse.