the state of educational opportunity in california · 3/1/2015 · march on washington august 28,...

© 2013 THE EDUCATION TRUST— WEST

The State of Educational Opportunity in California

Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of the

March on Washington

August 28, 2013

Arun Ramanathan, Executive Director

The Education Trust—West


The New Majority: Changing Demographics

37%

9% 8%

42%

1% 2%

1%

Total Enrollment 5.3 million

% low-income* 44%

# English learners 1.2 million

Total Enrollment 6.2 million

% low-income* 59%

# English learners 1.4 million

1993-94 2012-13

*Defined as the percentage of students eligible for free or reduced-price meals. Source: California Department of Education, 2013

53%

6% 9%

26%

2% 1% 2% 1%

Latino

African-American

Asian

White

Multiple/No Response

American Indian

Filipino

Pacific Islander

2


The 2025 Challenge

• 5½ million new college degrees and technical certificates by the year 2025

• 2.3 million degrees and certificates short

SOURCE: California Competes Council. The Road Ahead: Higher Education, California’s Promise, and Our Future Economy. June 2012.

3


K-12 EDUCATION PIPELINE

How well does our K-12 college and career pipeline work for students of

color in California?


CST English-Language Arts Proficiency, by Grade and Ethnicity (2013)

53%

43%

32%

54%

44%

36%

79% 74%

62%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

4th Grade 8th Grade 11th Grade

African-American

Latino

White

Perc

ent

Pro

fici

ent

& A

bo

ve

Source: California Department of Education, 2013


Source:

CST 4th Grade Mathematics Proficiency, by Ethnicity (2013)

4% 2% 1%

17% 13%

6%

21% 20%

12%

28% 29%

25%

31% 37%

57%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

African-American Latino White

Advanced

Proficient

Basic

Below Basic

Far Below Basic

Source: California Department of Education, 2013

Perc

enta

ge o

f St

ud

ents


The Class of 2025 (Currently in 4th

grade)

Of 100 African-American and

Latino 4th graders…

The Class of 2025

(Currently in 4th grade)

Of 100 African-American and Latino students that enter

9th grade…

…16 African American and 16 Latino students

will graduate with the requirements to enroll in a UC

or CSU…

…Just 8 African American and 8 Latino students will

enroll in a CSU or UC…

…And just 4 African-American

and 5 Latino students will

graduate college within 6 years.

…52 African-American and

57 Latino students will

graduate from high school…

Pipeline to College

Sources: UCLA Institute for Democracy, Education and Access, 2011

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2010

California will not meet its 2025 workforce needs if it

fails to strengthen its education “pipeline,”

particularly for African-American and Latino

students.

7


Fixing the Pipeline: Local Control Funding Formula

• “Equal treatment for children in unequal situations is not justice.” – Governor Jerry Brown, January 2013 State of the State speech

• LCFF recognizes that students with additional learning needs – low-income, English Learner and foster youth students - also need additional financial resources.

• LCFF will fix between district inequities but it will not intra-district inequities


Local Control Must Be Truly Local

How districts fund schools is just as important as how the state funds school districts: •School-level spending can vary greatly within districts and has often not been correlated to student need. • Teacher spending gaps are the key source of within-district spending differences. • Salary averaging hides inequities in funding between a district’s schools.


How Much Funding Reaches Schools? Revenue – Expenditure Gap

Sources: 2009-10 Civil Rights Data Collection, Office for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education. California Department of Education, 2009-10 Free and Reduced-Price Meals Program and 2009-10 English Learner Enrollment.

District State and Local Revenue Per

Student

Average School-Level Expenditure

Per Student

Revenue-Expenditure Gap

Long Beach Unified $7,367 $3,761 $3,606

Fresno Unified $7,634 $3,437 $4,197

San Bernardino City Unified

$8,208 $3,918 $4,290

Sacramento City Unified

$7,914 $3,227 $4,687

Oakland Unified $9,420 $4,251 $5,169

San Diego Unified $8,201 $3,016 $5,185

San Francisco Unified $9,876 $4,428 $5,448


High Poverty Schools Are Underfunded: Teacher Salary Gap

Sources: 2009-10 Civil Rights Data Collection, Office for Civil Rights, U.S. Department of Education. California Department of Education, 2009-10 Free and Reduced-Price Meals Program and 2009-10 English Learner Enrollment.

District Least Disadvantaged

Schools

Most Disadvantaged

Schools

Teacher Salary Gap

Fresno Unified $73,102 $69,444 -$3,658

San Francisco Unified $62,930 $59,018 -$3,912

Sacramento City Unified

$71,251 $67,049 -$4,202

Oakland Unified $56,883 $52,282 -$4,601

San Diego Unified $70,007 $65,301 -$4,706

Long Beach Unified $78,034 $72,237 -$5,797

San Bernardino City Unified

$68,006 $61,362 -$6,644


Ensuring School Funding Equity

• Assurances: Dollars should be equitably distributed to schools within districts, so that dollars flow to schools and the high-need students generating the funds. • Transparency: Districts should be required to account for and report district and school-level expenditures transparently. The state should develop uniform accounting guidelines to enable comparison of spending across categories. • Community involvement: Spending decisions must be made in collaboration with each school’s community of stakeholders. Site-based budgeting practices should be emphasized.


Questions & Discussion

Dr. Arun Ramanathan [email protected]

Also visit, www.edtrustwest.org

for more background on education finance reform

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.edtrustwest.org/

the state of educational opportunity in california · 3/1/2015 · march on washington august 28,...

Documents