the state of the world’s antibiotics in 2018 · the state of the world’s antibiotics in 2018...
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The State of the World’s Antibiotics in
2018
Ella Pringle LectureRoyal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
Ramanan LaxminarayanTwitter @CDDEP
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850.-$, %#',1:'.(/#%012/3 4'" ;<=>Trends in antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infection isolates at a large urban hospital in Malawi
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Northern Regions
Free State
Western and Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
KwaZulu-Natal
Northern Regions
Free State
Western and Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
KwaZulu-Natal
2011 2012
2013 2014
Resistance rate
No data
Northern Regions
Free State
Western and Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
KwaZulu-Natal
Northern Regions
Free State
Western and Northern Cape
Eastern Cape
KwaZulu-Natal
15-25% 26-32% 33-36% 37-40% 41-43%
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Absolute risk reduction (ARR) of infection with antibiotic prophylaxis in common surgical procedures and blood cancer chemotherapy in the
USA
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Number of additional infections per year in the USA under a 30% decreased efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis
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Antibiotic consumption is increasing in developing countries...
Source: Based on data obtained under license from IMS Health MIDAS ™ (January 2005-December 2010); IMS Health Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
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Antibiotic use per capita by income in selected countries, 2010
Source: Van Boeckel et al. 2014 (based on IMS MIDAS) and World Bank 2015
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Carbapenem retail sales in selected countries, 2005–2010 (per 1,000 population)
Source: Laxminarayan et al. 2013 (based on IMS MIDAS)
*An IMS grouping of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Guinea, Mali, Republic of the Congo, Senegal, and
Togo
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Carbapenem consumption in the hospital sector in selected European countries, 1997–2013
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Hospital use of carbapenems is rapidly growing
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
VIETNAM, HOSPITAL CHINA, HOSPITAL NORWAY, HOSPITAL USA, HOSPITAL
Sta
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Per capita total carbapenem use, hospital sector, 2005-2010
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Source: Based on data obtained under license from IMS Health MIDAS ™ (January 1999-December 2010); IMS Health Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
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Antibiotic consumption in livestock, top ten countries 2010–2030 (projected for 2030)
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Developed world cost per course of therapy
De
ve
lop
ed
wo
rld
De
ve
lop
ing
wo
rld
Supplier
Pfizer
GSK
Ortho-McNeill
Bayer
Roche
Pfizer
Roche
GSK
IDA
Eli Lilly
Oscient
various
Branded product only
Generic product available
Price/full course of therapy
Notes: *Chloramphenicol is not available in developed world—price is therefore estimated. †Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin may be available in some tertiary settings in developing world.Source: The Medical Letter (2006), Disease control priorities in developing countries, Lancet (2006), Expert
interviews.
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$1,480
$666.80
$223.30
$16
$11
$5*
$3.60
$103
$39
$121
$145
$144.8
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Thank you