the status of the hubble space telescope 2014 stsci calibration workshop helmut jenkner
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The Status of the Hubble Space Telescope 2014 STScI Calibration Workshop Helmut Jenkner. Hubble is As Powerful As Ever. Deep, precise, stable pan-chromatic imaging Slitted and slitless spectroscopy, coronagraphy , astrometry. M ysteries of dark matter and dark energy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Status of the
Hubble Space Telescope
2014 STScI Calibration Workshop
Helmut Jenkner
Hubble is As Powerful As EverDeep, precise, stable pan-chromatic imaging
Slitted and slitless spectroscopy, coronagraphy, astrometry
Life stories of galaxies
Architecture of the universe
Recipes for building planets
Mysteries of dark matter and dark energy
Births and deaths of stars
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Current Status
• All science instruments are performing well– ACS, COS, STIS, and WFC3 are being used for
science
• Observatory subsystems in excellent working order
• Cycle 21 is progressing as planned – October 1, 2013 – September 30, 2014
• Cycle 22 programs selected– Nominal start on October 1, 2014– Already observing now for a small number of
programs
• 24th Anniversary on April 24, 2014– Kicks off Hubble’s 25th year
Visible WFPC2 2001
Infrared WFC3/IR 2014
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Challenging ObservationsLarge Scales, New Techniques
• Frontier Fields– In progress – 6 x 2 x 70 orbits
• Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs– Completed in October 2013 – total of 2260 orbits
• New Horizons KBO Campaign– Search portion completed last week – 40 DD orbits, 126 C22 orbits– Orbit determination follow-up observations ongoing – 28 orbits
• Reverberation Mapping of NGC 5548– Completed on July 27 – 1 orbit per day for 179 days
• WFC3 Spatial Scanning Observations– See presentations at this workshop
• Offset slew (“slot”) clearing for observations of bright variable objects
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Cluster
Blank Field
2 clusters per year x 3 years
→ 840 total orbits
1000 hours Spitzer DD time for
~26.5 ABmag in IRAC 3.6, 4.5 μm
Brammer, VLT/Hawk-I K
http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/
HubbleFrontier
FieldsCycles 21-23 (FY14-FY16)
6 strong-lensing clusters
+ 6 adjacent parallel fields
140 HST DD orbits per field pair
ACS/ WFC3-IR in parallel
~29 ABmag in 7 bands
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2014 HST Senior Review Site Visit 8
Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury Program
(PHAT)PI: J. Dalcanton
834 orbits
Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey Program
(CANDELS)PI: S. Faber / H. Ferguson
750 orbits
Cluster Lensing and Supernova Survey with Hubble
(CLASH) PI: M. Postman
474 orbits
MCT Supernova Follow-upPI: A. Riess
202 orbits
HST Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs
Cycles 18, 19, & 20
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New Horizons KBO Search
If all works as planned, Hubble should be able to peer even deeper into space and farther back in time than it has before. The telescope, circling some 350 miles above Earth, is expected to perform for at least five more years.
That should be long enough to bridge the gap until its successor, the James Webb Space Telescope, is sent to a perch almost a million miles from Earth.
Monday, May 25, 2009
Monday, August 11, 2014
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Hubble 2020 Vision Statement
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Operate Hubble out to 2020 or beyond so that there is at least one year of overlapping science observations with the James Webb Space Telescope, performed in a manner that maximizes the science return of both observatories by taking full advantage of Hubble's unique capabilities and the astronomical community's scientific curiosity.
• An operating observatory
• Capable science instruments
• Scientific drivers (demand)
• Adequate staffing and user support
• Appropriate funding
• Teamwork (multi-level)
As long as it remains scientifically productive
How long will Hubble continue to operate?
What is needed to keep Hubble scientifically productive?
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The Road to 2020+
Current Status Expectations
Observatory Health Excellent
• Good reliability of science instruments and major systems through 2020 (NESC)
• Known modes of degradation
Orbit Decay Nominal orbit • Orbit stable until mid-2030s
Scheduling Efficiency ~50%, near all-time high • Efficiency declines to ~40-45% upon
transition to reduced-gyro modeScientific Productivity
~800 papers per year; ~40 PhDs per year
• Publication rate remains high • New discoveries continue
Demand >1000 proposals per year;6:1 oversubscription (time) • No near-term decrease expected
Staffing Lean operations • Work efficiencies are harder to achieve beyond FY16 without loss of capability
Mission Funding
$98.3M/year total budget(~2/3 ops, ~1/3 grants+EPO) • Flat mission budget presents challenges
Grant Funding
$28.6M/year in grants to the community
• Grant funding is stable through FY15-FY16• May decline as JWST grants start
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Observatory StatusObservatory Systems Status
Science Instruments
ACS Operating well.Charge transfer degradation corrections in place for WFC.
COS New blue mode extends l to 90 nm. Far-UV sensitivity remains excellent (initial decline has arrested).
STIS Operating well. Imaging, spectroscopy, coronagraphy.NICMOS Safed, warm.
WFC3Excellent stability, sensitivity. Spatial scanning available.Charge transfer corrections for UVIS channel.Persistence maps available for IR channel.
Fine Guidance Sensors Slow degradation being monitored, understood.Electrical and Power System Batteries and solar arrays - no serious issues.
Pointing and Control System Gyro 5 ceased operation on March 7, 2014. Overall complement of gyros remains robust.
SI Control and Data Handling Lockups are rare (1-2x per year) and understood.Thermal Control System Excellent, no serious issues.
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HST Gyro Locations – SM4
Rate Sensing Units
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Gyro 5• On March 7, 2014 Gyro 5 failed
– Failure was expected following a flex lead failure on February 22
– Gyro 5 has “standard” flex lead– Not a mission lifetime limiting event
• HST has 6 gyros– Well-developed plan is in place for eventual failure
of any gyro– Continue in 3-gyro mode as long as possible to
maximize science
Flex Lead
Heaters
Flex Lead
HST 64-PM Fluid Floated RIG Rate Gyro
Electronics Control Unit (ECU)
Rate Sensor Unit (RSU)
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Subsystem Reliability
• NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) reliability estimates for Hubble’s instruments and primary subsystems support a 2020 vision.
• The recent failure of Gyro 5 does not substantively change the overall gyro lifetime assessment.
Instruments Subsystems
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Hubble Science Output• 12,303 science papers based on HST data, with more than 525,000 citations• 13,327 individuals have (co)authored a paper based on HST data• More than 500 PhD theses have been based on HST data
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Year of Publication
Refe
reed
Pap
ers
per Y
ear
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Cycle
Num
ber o
f Pro
posa
ls p
er C
ycle
Post-SM4
Intense Proposal Pressure
• For Cycle 22 there were 1135 proposals submitted• >6000 different investigators have had approved programs to date
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High Scheduling Efficiency
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Feb 2014Mar 2013 Weekly calendars
60
50
40
% E
ffici
ency
• Science program scheduling is challengingo Large programs with strict timing/orientation constraints (e.g., Frontier Fields)o Parallel observations (coordinated and pure)o Targets of opportunity (~150 activated since SM4)o Quick-turnaround DD programs (rare/high-impact science opportunities)
• Scheduling efficiency of 50% is substantially higher than original goal of ~35%
29%Grants to Observers
33%
GFSC Flight Operations& Sustaining Engineering
33.5%STScI Science Operations
4.5%STScI EPO
HST Budget ($98.3M)
Operations staff is half the size it was ~12 years ago
Note: Even a flat funding profile of $98.3M per year will requirereductions in personnel or cuts to science grant funding.
Cy18 – $27.7MCy19 – $28.4MCy20 – $30.1MCy21 – $28.6M
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No Scan
Scanned
Hubble may be 24 years old, but its best years are still ahead…
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