THE STORY OF THE QURANJUNE 19, 2015 | 7:00 PM TO 8:30 PM EST

Dr. Muqtedar Khan

MASJID ISA IBN MARYAM 698 S Old Baltimore Pike, Newark, DE 19702

WATCH LIVE ON THE WEB AT TARBIA.TV

How was the Quran collected and preserved?

How is it understood and interpreted?

What are allegorical verses?

What is context and what is abrogation?

What is the difference between Tafsir and Tawil?

Answers to these and other questions will be discussed.

SESSION I:

THE STORY OF THE QURAN

Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its

guardian. (15:9)

Some of The Names of Quran

Al-Kitab The Book

Al-Huda The Guidance

Al-Rahmah The Mercy

Al-Furqan The Criterion

Al-Zikr The Reminder

Al-Shifa The Healer

Al-Haqq The Truth

Al-Mau’iza The Admonition

Al-Nur The Light

Al-Burhan The Clear Elucidation

Al-Hikma The Wisdom

Al-Wahy The Revelation

Quran: The Final Testament

Some basic statistics

The Quran was revealed in 23 years from 610-632 AD

Surahs: 114 [86 are Meccan and 28 are Medinan]

Ayahs: 6237

Juzz: Thirty parts

Manzil: Seven Parts

The First Ayahs: 96:1-4 (Ibn Hisham) 96:1-5 (Ayesha rah) and 74:1-4 according to Jabir bin Abdullah.

Last 2:281, 2:278, 2:282, 5:3 No consensus.

First and Last Surahs: Al-Fatiha and al-Taubah or Al-Nasr

Collection of the Quran Masnaf

After the battle of Yamamah. Umar came to Abu Bakr who nominated Zayd ibn Thabit.

AB, U, H and then O (rah).

The Quran was revealed in 7 Ahruf.

Historicity will become a major issue for Muslims in western societies.

Key Elements of the Study of the Quran

Tarjamah, Tafsir and Taawil

Memorization

Ramadan and the Quran

Language

Abrogation (Naskh wa Mansukh)

Context of Revelation (Asbal al-Nuzul)

(Ahruf: variant ways of reciting the Quranic text).

1. In Madina: Nafi` and his narrators: Warsh and Qalun

2. In Makkah: Ibn Kathir (other than the scholar of tafsir) and his

narrators Qunbul and Al-Bazzi

3. In Basrah: Abu Amr and his narrators Al-Duri and Al-Susi

4. In the Levant: Ibn Amir and his narrators Hisham and Ibn Zakwan

5. In Kuffah: Asim and his narrators Shubah and Hafs

6. In Kuffah: Hamza and his narrators Khalaf and Khallad

7. In Kuffah: Al-Kisa'i and his narrators Abu Al-Harith and Al-Duri

8. In Madinah: Abu Jafar and his narrators Ibn Wardan and Ibn Jammaz

9. In Basrah: Yakoub Al-Hadrami and his narrators Ruways and Rauh

10. In Kuffa: Khalaf and his narrators Ishaq and Idris.

Allegory in the Quran

Allegory Examples

Theory of Abrogation

EXAMPLES OF ABROGATION They ask you about wine and

gambling. Say, "In them is great sin and [yet, some] benefit for people. But their sin is greater than their benefit.” 2:219

O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying 4:43.

O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah ], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful. 5:90

O Prophet, urge the believers to battle. If there are among you twenty [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. And if there are among you one hundred [who are] steadfast, they will overcome a thousand of those who have disbelieved because they are a people who do not understand. 8:65

Now, Allah has lightened [the hardship] for you, and He knows that among you is weakness. So if there are from you one hundred [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. And if there are among you a thousand, they will overcome two thousand by permission of Allah . And Allah is with the steadfast. 8:66

Asbab Al-Nuzul

Asbab or causes or reasons or circumstances of revelation.

Prominent sources are earliest tafasirs, like al-Tabari’s, Wahidi’s collection and subsequent ones. Sirah is also a source.

Tarjamah: Quran is Quran only in Arabic See Quran.com

TafsirProvides context and accumulates knowledge and understanding

Tawil

ألعظيم الله صدق

] متقبال ] وعمال ،] طيبا ] ورزقا ،] نافعا ] علما أسألك إني اللهم

O Allah I ask you for beneficial knowledge, and honest provisions and actions which are acceptable to you.

ك�يم ح� ل� ا مم ك�ي ح� ل� ا ح ل� ح�ا ح� �� ح ك�ا �  ح�ا ح� ل� �� ح ح� ح�ا ح��ا ك�ا ح�ا ح� حم ل� ك� ح�ا ح� ح� ح�ا �ل �مGlory be to you, we have no knowledge except what you have taught us. Verily, it is You, the All-Knower, the All-Wise” (Surah Baqarah; 2:32)

] فvهuما wنيuق yز uر vو ] uما ل wع wنيuزد ب} vر“O’Allah! Advance me in Knowledge and true understanding”