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The Sun King1643 King Louis XIV takes thrownObjectiveSWBAT examine the rise of King Louis XIV and his reign as an absolute monarch Do Now11/15/12Which of the following statements do you agree most with?A government leader should never have absolute authority.A government leader can exercise absolute authority if it will help advance a countrys economyA government leader can exercise absolute authority when a country is under attackA government leader can exercise absolute authority whenever it will advance a countrys interests.State your reasoning

Henry IV Restores Order1500s religious wars tear France apart Catholics vs. Huguenots (French Protestants)St. Bartholomews Day Massacre massacred 3,000 Huguenots Symbolized break down of order in France

By 1600s France was a strong, unified nation-state ruled by the most powerful monarch in Europe

Huguenot Prince Henry IV: 1589Henry IV inherits the throneHuguenot fights Catholic revolutions for 4 yearsEventually converted to Catholicism to end conflictEdict of Nantes granted Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms (civil unity)Repair France chicken in every pot a good Sunday dinner for every peasant

Government of Henry IVGovernment reached every aspect of French lifeAdministered justiceImproved roadsBuilt bridgesRevived agriculture Built a royal bureaucracy and reduced the influence of noblesLaid the foundations on which future French monarchs would build absolute powerCardinal Richelieu1610: Henry IV killed by an assassin Son Louis XIII takes throne 9 years oldNobles reasserted power1624: Cardinal Richelieu becomes chief minister Strengthens the government over 18 yearsSought to destroy the power of the nobles and HuguenotsDestroyed private armies of nobles and destroyed their castlesDied 1642 leaving Mazarin as his successor

Louis XIV aka the Sun KingLouis XIV (14)Inherits throne @ age 51643-1715 (rules for 72 years)Mazarin was in place to be chief minister (replaced Richelieu)Mazarin dies in 1661 Louis XIV takes over the government

Letat, cest moiI am the state Letat, cest moi. Believed in his divine right to ruleThe sun was a symbol of absolute powerJust as the sun stands at the center of the solar system, so the Sun King stands at the center of the nation. Never called a meeting of the Estates General between 1614-1789Representatives from all 3 French social classes (clergy, nobles, townspeople)The Estates General played no role in checking royal powerSEPARATE CLASSESIn your section 2 packetOpen to page 151Read about life in France in the 1600sAnswer the Thinking Critically questions Be prepared to discuss!louis xiv

Do NowWho is represented in this painting?

What does the painting represent?

What message is the painting sending?

Who is the intended audience for the painting?Louis XIV Takes ChargeHenry IV Restores PowerCardinal RichelieuWhat rights did the Edict of Nantes extend to Huguenots?An Absolute Monarch RisesColbertVersailles: Symbol of Royal PowerHow did Louis XIV secure support from the nobility? A Strong State DeclinesHow did Louiss actions weaken Frances economy?Exit TicketDid Louis XIV have more successes or failures during his reign?PICK A SIDEArgue your point. List reasons why Louis was successful or was a failure at leading France.DO NOW Wednesday 11/14/11Pick up guided notesObjectiveSWBAT describe how Versailles was a symbol of royal power.Political SystemsRead the Political Systems handoutWorking in assigned groups of 3 answer the Thinking Critically question, #1Be prepared to present your answers to the class!Estates GeneralEstates General: Equivalent of English Parliament (never met)Followed Richelieus politics to strengthen stateExpanded bureaucracy appointed intendants royal officials who collected taxes, recruited soldiers, and carried out policies in the provinces.Wealthy middle class men cemented ties between middle class and the monarchy

VersaillesLouis XIII hunting lodgeLouis XIV redesigned to show the king at the heart of FranceGreatest architects of the dayLouis Le VauxJules Hardouin-MansartMasterpiece Hall of MirrorsGlittering hall of crystal royal and political events held thereUsed his wealth to display his power

VersaillesMoved the capital of France from Paris to Versailles1682: moved the court & government to VersaillesMoved to Versailles from Paris so no angry mob could easily attackThe building itself was a little over a third of a mile longgardens and over 1400 fountains employing the newest hydraulic technologies surrounded the outside. The inside was an altar to French military mightdecorated with paintings, tapestries, and statues celebrating French military victories, heroes, and, especially, French kingsRuthless MonarchyLouis instituted an elaborate system of court ritual strict rulesHow many steps your could take and what you were allowed to wearEven how to knock on a doorYou didnt, you scratched discreetlyVersailles was a center of courtly etiquette and a setting for French literature and musicIt was also a ruthless absolute monarchyLettre de cachet allowed him to send anyone to prison for no reason and without a trialThe DauphinLouis married Spanish princess Maria Theresa They had 6 children only 1 survived to adulthoodLouis of France The DauphinLouis XVAlso had a mistress Madame de MontespanWhen he would lose interest in her, she would dabble in black magic and poison to try to get him backHer plan became public and resulted in about 34 executions

While youre living it up, some of us are starvingTowards the end of the Thirty-Years War hunger and unrest were evidentFrances tax system: people with the least amount of money paid the highest taxesPeasantryTax riots broke out in 1662 and the kings response was to privatize the tax collection systemGeneral Tax-Farm people who collected taxes were permitted to raise the tax and pocket the differenceThis leads to great deal of trouble in the endMeanwhile, the 1690s and 1700s were years of terrible famine under the Sun KingReligious ImplicationsRoyal church had a fancy pew for kingCourtiers pews faced the king, not the altarSaw religion as a means of enhancing his own power1685 revoked the Edict of Nantes (issued by his grandfather Henry IV) gave religious toleration to Huguenots Protestant pastors were given 15 days to leave the country.Huguenot community packed up and left for England and the Netherlands where they made important contributions to the economic status of their new homelands.Using a Primary SourceWorking in assigned groups of 3 read the primary source written by Fenelon about Louis XIVs reign as absolute monarchAnswer the questions with your group and be prepared to share your responses with the class!HomeworkEnglish Parliament PacketRead & take notes Answer Questions # 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6question 1 separate the key terms into categories given to you then write a sentence for each term as to WHY you placed it in that category.Period 1, 2, 5, 6 Due Wednesday November 9Period 7 Due Monday November 14