the taft-hartley act by kim fleshman please click sound on each slide

The Taft-Hartley Act By Kim Fleshman Please click sound on each slide

Name of Law & Why I Picked This Law The Taft-Hartley Act A.k.a. The Labor Management Relations Act My political ideals My prior union representative experience My curiosity

Senator Robert A. Taft Son of President William Howard Taft 14 years in the senate Mr. Republican From Ohio Congressman Fred A. Hartley Jr. 20 Years in congress Also, a republican From New Jersey

History The depression in the 1930s 1935 1947 the number of unions increased greatly WWII in the 1940s The Atomic Bomb Civil Rights concerns The mob being associated with unions The strikes of 1946 4.5 million Americans on strike We were a factory production economy With the strikes production is lost, our economy stopped FDR dies and Truman takes over the presidency In the 1946 elections, republicans gained control of the house and the senate.

Background The Norris-LaGuardia Act of 1932 Guaranteed the right to bargain collectively Limited the courts ability to issue injunctions against peaceful picketing Declared yellow dog contracts unenforceable The Wagner Act 1935 A.K.A. National Labor Relations Act Was enacted to reduce industrial strife Allowed for secret-ballot elections for unions Created the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) Banned certain unfair labor practices

The Wagner Act 1935 Five Unfair Labor Practices Unfair for employers to restrain or coerce employees from self-organizing Unfair for a company to interfere with the formation or administration of unions Employers are prohibited from discriminating against employees for their legal union activities Employers are forbidden to discharge or discriminate against employees if they file unfair labor practice charges against the company Unfair for employers to refuse to collectively bargain with the chosen union representative Dessler, pg. 600

The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 A.K.A. The Labor Management Relations Act Amends the National Labor Relations Act by limiting unions in four (4) ways Prohibiting unfair union labor practices List the rights of employees as union member List the rights of employers Allowing the president of the U.S. to temporarily bar national emergency strikes Dessler, pg. 602

Rights of Employers Employers are allowed to express their views about unions. They can suggest voting against the union if in the normal work area or where the employees gather Employers cannot threaten or promise anything to an employee He or she cannot meet with an employee on company time within 24 hours of an election

Rights of Employees The Taft-Hartley Act protects employees against the union It allowed for right-to-work laws 19 states in the beginning 22 states now have right-to-work laws

Some Definitions Closed Shop- The most extreme form of union control. Only members of the union can be hired into a job. Therefore, you must join the union before you can even apply. This was outlawed with the passing of the Taft-Hartley Act Union Shop- A new employee must join the union within a specified length of time. This is outlawed in right-to-work states Agency Shop- Employees who do not belong to the union still have to pay the fair share because whatever the union bargains for will still benefit all workers. Open Shop- Workers choose to join or not join a union. Those who do not join do not pay union dues.

Purpose of Legislation The Taft-Hartley Act helped Equalize the positions of management & labor Our New national Labor Policy: the Taft-Hartley Act and the next steps by Fred. A. Hartley Jr. pg. 1

Purpose of Legislation To forbid secondary strikes To ban closed shops Free speech for employers & union members To outlaw featherbedding To make the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) more of a watch dog or referee instead of enforcing the Wagner Act and always siding with the union. Unions now have to file their constitution & bylaws with the Secretary of Labor to qualify for the NLRB privileges Courtesy of the Holt Labor Library Collection Pamphlet s in the fight against Taft-Hartley 1947-1948

We accepted the basic principle of the WagnerAct, namely that theemployer must deal withhis men as one unitrecognizing therepresentative chosen bya majority of those menwithout the influence orcoercion of the employer. Our New National Labor Policy, Forward by Robert A. Taft pg. XIV

Purpose of Legislation Presidential Power to stop a strike When it is in the best interest of the United States and our economy 80 day cool down period This clip is an.avi and is supported by both Apple and Microsoft. If the video does not appear, you may need Quick Time to view this Video. This is a free download for both Mac & Windows at http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/ http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/ Please click blue screen to start clip.

Comparing the Acts Wagner Act 1935 Taft-Hartley 1947 Purpose: To protect the principles of trade unionism but eliminate those elements of the U.S. National Labor Policy which had been the direct cause of industrial controversy. Purpose: the government is committed to advancing the banner of trade unionism. Copyright 1948. Graphic by Gilbert. Reproduced courtesy of the Holt Labor Library Collection

Important Dates Dates of Passage Amendments President Nixon proposed the Emergency Public Interest Protection Act of 1970 This would have affected Taft- Hartley & the Railway Labor Act The House & Senate Labor Committees did not respond The Hartley Bill passed the House of Representatives April 17, 1947 It now become the Hartley Act Senator Robert A. Taft co- sponsored the act Now referred to as the Taft- Hartley Act President Truman vetoed Taft- Hartley June 20, 1947 Congress over turned the veto June 23, 1947

Attempts to invoke Taft- Hartley President Harry S. Truman Although he vetoed the original act, he invoked this law 10 times President Dwight D. Eisenhower Invoked this law 7 times Presidents John F. Kennedy & Lyndon B. Johnson Invoked this law 12 times during their combined administrations President Richard M. Nixon Successfully invoked this law twice

Attempts to invoke Taft-Hartley Continued President Jimmy Carter Invoked Taft-Hartley March 1978 due to the Coal Miners Strike but the court refused the injunction President Ronald Reagan Used Taft-Hartley August 1981 for the Air Traffic Controllers Strike. President George W. Bush Invoked Taft-Hartley October 2002 because of the Longshoremens Strike

Most Recent Legal Case The Secretary of Labor tried to negotiate a 30-day contract extention with the International Longshore and Warehouse Union to reopen the ports. The main contract dispute was about new technology that management wanted to introduce. The union would not accept the new technology unless all jobs involved where union jobs.

Summary Taft-Hartley Act 1947 A.K.A. The Labor Management Relations Act Date passed: June 23, 1947 Enforcement Agency: National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) Purpose of Legislation: Limited unions in 4 ways Prohibited unfair union practices Listed the rights of employees as members of unions Listed the rights of employers Allowed the president to temporarily stop national emergency strikes

Bibliography Gross, James A. "Labor and Employment Law." Industrial & Labor Relations Review 45.2 (Jan., 1992): 384-85. Cornell University. Web. 13 Oct. 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2524846.http://www.jstor.org/stable/2524846 Review of Has Labor Law Failed? An examination of Congressional Oversight and Legislative Proposals (1968-1990) by Daniel V. Yager Hartley, Fred A. Our New National Labor Policy: The Taft-Hartley Act and the Next Steps. With a foreword by Robert A. Taft. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company, 1948. Print. Ludwig, Jordan. The Passage and Events Surrounding the Taft-Hartley Act: An Analysis. The University of Maryland Undergraduate History Journal. Spring 2007. http://www.janus.umd.eduhttp://www.janus.umd.edu. Millis, Harry A., and Emily Clark Brown. From the Wagner Act To Taft-Hartley. Chicago: The University of Chicago, 1950. Print. Powers, Richard. The Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947: A Topical Digest Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1 (Jul., 1948), 67-79. Southern Economic Association. Web. 07 Nov. 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1054273.http://www.jstor.org/stable/1054273 Rehmus, Charles M. "Emergency Strikes Revisited." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43.2 (Jan., 1990): 175-90. Cornell University. Web. 13 Oct. 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2523698.http://www.jstor.org/stable/2523698 Ross, Phillip. "The Role of Government in Union Growth." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, The Crisis in the American Trade-Union Movement 350 (Nov., 1963): 74-85. SAGE. Web. 13 Oct. 2009. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1036263.http://www.jstor.org/stable/1036263 Sanger, David E., and Steven Greenhouse. "Bush Invokes Taft-Hartley Act to Open West Coast Ports." The New York Times. The New York Times, 09 Oct. 2002. Web. 06 Nov. 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/09/politics/09PORT.html.http://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/09/politics/09PORT.html Taft-Hartley Act. Wests Encyclopedia of American Law. The Gale Group, Inc. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26. Oct. 2009 Wagner, Steven. "How Did the Taft-Hartley Act Come About?" History News Network. 14 Oct. 2002. Web. 06 Nov. 2009. http://hnn.us/articles/1036.html. http://hnn.us/articles/1036.html

the taft-hartley act by kim fleshman please click sound on each slide

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