the telco triple play scoring a successful deployment with ... › 80ff ›...

The Telco Triple PlayScoring a Successful Deployment

with Comprehensive SET TOP BOX TESTING

The global technology gap is narrowing rapidly and it

has been agreed by Telcos across the globe that the

Internet-based IPTV,Video-on-Demand (VoD),Personal

Video and other services along with end-user devices

such as home media hubs, Set Top Boxes are all likely to

grow throughout due to the convergence of

technologies, platforms and content.Companies leading the domestic and global markets

will face tougher competition, greater challenges and

have little time to respond to market shifts and new

technological inventions and as such they need to take

into account these changes and constantly re-evaluate

and adjust their business strategies as they look into the

future.”The proliferation of Interactive Television (iTV)

applications and services, and advanced set-top boxes

(STBs) has placed extensive test coverage demands on

the Set Top Boxes available in the Market these days.

TATA CO N S U LTA N C Y S E R V I C E S ( TC S ) o f fe r s

comprehensive Set Top Box Testing for the Interactive

TV and Digital TV markets that can be extended to

support fulfillment of multiple IP services – including

IPTV, VoIP, Triple Play, Quad Play and others – over a

converged next-generation network.

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About the Author

Vinay Jain

The Author has been part of TCS IPTV initiative as a Consultant for IPTV. With a Masters Degree in Computer Applications , he has an in depth understanding of IPTV Domain. He has been associated with TCS since February 2007 and is primarily focusing on asset development and technical interface for Network related activities.

Debnarayan Kar

With a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Computer Science & Engineering, the author has worked in the IT industry within areas like Cellular Billing and Mediation System, Enterprise Network Management and Wireless Network Planning and Optimization. Associated with TCS since January 2007, his primary focus is on asset development, R & D initiatives and technical interface for marketing activities in wireless telecommunication, multimedia and sensor technology areas.

The Telco Triple Play : Scoring a Successful Deployment with Comprehensive SET TOP BOX TESTING

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Table of Contents1. 3

2. The Problem: Choosing the Right Set Top Box 6

3. Solution from Tata Consultancy Services 7

4. Our Strength 11

5. Benefits delivered by TCS’ STB Testing Solutions 14

6. Conclusion 14

7. References 14

Introduction


Introduction

Telecom Service Providers (may also be referred to as Telcos) leading the domestic and global markets will face tougher competition, greater challenges and have less time to respond to market shifts and new technological inventions. They need to take stock of these changes and constantly re-evaluate and adjust their business strategies as they forge ahead.

The global technology gap is narrowing rapidly and it has been agreed by Telcos across the globe that the internet-based Internet Protocol Television (IPTV), Video-on-Demand (VoD), Personal Video and other services along with end-user devices such as home media hubs, Set Top Boxes (STB) are likely to grow rapidly due to the convergence of technologies, platforms and content.

The proliferation of Interactive Television (iTV) applications and services, and advanced STBs has placed extensive test coverage demand on the STBs available in the market. As millions of cable and satellite subscribers are introduced to new services and products, the quality of these products and services need to be high.

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) offers comprehensive STB testing for the Interactive TV and Digital TV markets. These services can be extended to support fulfillment of multiple IP services including IPTV, VoIP, Triple Play, Quad Play and others over a converged next-generation network.

Telco Triple Play: A New Mandate for Service ProvidersThere is a dip in the revenue from the conventional voice and data services being offered by Telcos. Telcos across the world look towards IPTV as an offering that can help compensate for this revenue loss. Some other reasons for the recent interest in IPTV are:! Increasing competition from cable operators has made Telecom operators look for new sources of revenue.! Broadband penetration rates have reached a critical mass, with about 181 million broadband subscribers world-

wide and a penetration rate that ranges from 15 to 25 per 100 inhabitants in many countries. Among broadband subscribers, DSL subscribers outnumber cable subscribers by 2:1. Telecom operators, therefore, have an unprecedented opportunity to tap into this large and growing customer base of broadband subscribers by offering new services to them.

! With well over 90% of telephone service subscriptions taken by customers still owned by Telecom operators, preventing customer churn is a top priority for them. Consequently, offering additional services on the same infrastructure helps not only to drive up the Average Revenue per User (ARPU) but also to retain subscribers. For instance, studies have shown that the churn rate among customers who have both phone and DSL service is lower than the churn rate among customers who have only a phone service.

! Telecom operators can offer their customers the convenience of a single bill for multiple services.! Conservative op-ex and cap-ex budgets in the wake of the post-bubble era mandate that the next generation

converged networks being deployed today are used to yield the maximum benefit by offering additional services. Key Elements of Triple Play DeploymentThere are various areas considered crucial for providing quality triple play bundle of services. These areas range from Network Infrastructure (which includes Network Topology, Network Hardware and applications), and content to be delivered, to packaging services in a cost effective manner; the IPTV delivery platform has to deal with each and every area with due diligence.STB is one such crucial component which can enable Telco to emerge as a market leader in the current competitive

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scenario. This is an area where Telco can make a difference by providing new services to the customers in a cost effective manner. Due diligence needs to be exercised to make a smart decision about the right STB; the STB should be able to support innovative services for the years to come and should not refrain a customer from adopting new services in future.

Set Top Box: A Critical Component for Successful IPTV Service DeliverySTB is a specialized computer designed for television. It is designed to receive television signals, run interactive applications and transmit them to TV. Its hardware and software depends on the nature of those signals and applications.

In a digital video broadcasting network, the STB is the interface between the network and the viewer. It is also the vehicle to run many applications, such as the electronic program guide and interactive and enhanced TV applications.

Hardware ComponentsThe hardware components of STB are:Computing Subsystem: The part of the STB that handles basic computing functions. This part includes standard computer components like CPU, memory and modems. TV Subsystem: The part of the STB that understands and processes TV signals specifically. It includes advanced media format processing capability such as MPEG-2/MPEG-4 and video/audio output to TV or video recorder.Conditional Access Subsystem: The part of the STB permits or denies permission to view programs based on viewer entitlements. It includes the smart card and descrambling hardware also.

Layers in Set Top BoxThe STB software is made up of several distinct layers:Hardware Drivers that interface between the software and the hardware. These are provided by the STB vendors. Core Software that provides the software platform for the applications running on the STB. This category includes the operating system, boot loader, TV Core, middleware, and conditional access.Applications that perform the functions that the viewers need, from the ubiquitous Electronic Program Guide (EPG) to the variety of iTV applications.

Evolution of New ConceptsThe development in the field of STB is picking up fast. New concepts are being visualized to make existing STBs intelligent boxes that can enhance customer experience. The following are a few innovations that are on the road to implementation; many of these have already been implemented:

STB as Home Entertainment Server – The convergence of technologies and platforms that have traditionally operated in isolation will impact the business of Service Providers in a significant way. As the proliferation of digital media and penetration of home networks converge, more opportunities exist for operators to place themselves squarely in the center of consumers’ digital lifestyle. Choosing the next generation of intelligent STBs that can store, search, manage, transcode and distribute media throughout the home is the next major step that will enable operators to deploy services that can reduce churn and generate additional revenues.

Enabling Cross Platform Initiatives – Traditional media business models are changing as consumer entertainment choices expand to the PC, cell phone and other portable devices. At the heart of this revolution is an intelligent STB platform. Service Providers need to carefully select the STB which will synergize with other devices at home to expand content


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delivery to multiple screens. This will enable cross platform initiatives and business models which will support deployment of these advanced features.

Enhancing Interactivity – Studies show that consumers spend more time online for entertainment than watch TV. Beyond the virtually unlimited content choice, interactivity is a key component supporting the staggering growth of online media consumption. Choosing the right STB will help to move these services from PC to the living room.

Enhancing Advanced Navigation and Content Discovery – The traditional EPG has evolved into the more powerful Digital Media Guide (DMG) in sophisticated STBs. The DMG allows the user to navigate through the following types of content:

! Traditional broadcast and VoD contents provided by the Service Provider via DVB/ATSC/XML based metadata! Web media contents that maybe from community media sites like YouTube, MySpace and so on! The DMG can also discover media contents from user’s own home using DLNA, HGI and UPnP standards. The

media maybe present in user’s PC and/or connected devices. These devices maybe wired or wireless! Further the DMG may also show a list of media owned and shared by user’s buddies for the STB user to view/listen

Service Providers benefit from these new era devices, which provide a richer and more responsive user experience through advanced search and navigation functionalities.

Integrating Broadband Content Delivery – YouTube and other User Generated Content (UGC) video portals are training a new generation to expect virtually unlimited amounts of video at their fingertips. This phenomenal change in customer’s expectation has to be noticed by Service Providers, enabling greater content choice for consumers. Service Providers can select the best combination of network and end user devices supporting this convergence and can best exploit the synergies between online and traditional broadcast media by addressing these demands of customers.

Offering Advanced Functionalities through:! Multi-Mode Hybrid Set Top Box – Several markets, including the highly competitive Chinese market, are moving to

multi-mode STBs that can receive cable, satellite, terrestrial broadcast content as well as IP content from a broadband network. To understand the architectural trade-offs and implications of deploying multi-mode hybrid STBs is a complex task. However, the Service Provider can measure the advantages from this emerging class of STBs. Hybrid STBs are usually predominant in regions where internet bandwidth is limited or has enough free-to-air or inexpensive TV content. As many major markets are moving to hybrid STBs, some pure IPTV STB vendors are adding terrestrial or satellite tuners to their STBs.

! Set Top Boxes for the YouTube Generation – Consumer products like Sling Box and Apple’s iTV are not only capturing the imaginations of users, but inspiring traditional Telecommunications Service Providers to embrace new set of features, business models and content usage models. Telcos need to consider the implications of bringing user-generated content and other internet video content to the TV as well as allowing users to create and share captured video content with others. There has been an integration of Sling Box-like features into mainstream STBs and Service Providers can choose among various such STBs which will impact their business models to a large extent.

! Future-Proofing – The rapid pace of innovation in service offerings poses challenges and provides opportunities to the Service Provider. Overlaying compelling new services allows providers to differentiate and potentially generate additional revenue per user. In addition, new codecs, delivery mechanisms, quality of service schemes, remote management, DRM, device support and security are all constantly evolving. Perpetually redeploying STBs is not an economical option. STB manufacturers are developing future-proof STB that can meet both Service


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Provider and customer requirements in the future. Software-based feature implementation and remote upgradeability features will help to make STBs future-proof and significantly reduce cost of rolling out new services in future.

Balancing Price, Performance and Features– With increased competition, Telcos across the globe are highly motivated to differentiate their services. Often this means deploying new STBs with the right mix of performance, features and price. To understand the tradeoffs that create winning STBs for the Telcos is the key to earn greater market share.

Emerging Applications for Retail and Operator-Deployed Set Top Boxes– Deploying STBs with advanced applications such as surveillance and security, karaoke, creation of video mashups, social networking and other compelling applications will deliver a major competitive advantage to Service Providers in the highly competitive Triple Play market. Choice of such advanced STBs which support the emerging application will accelerate the pace of growth of any Service Provider.

IP Set Top Boxes- IP STBs are undergoing a constant migration. Telecommunications operators are still tweaking service offerings and features to stay competitive. Operator requirements are extremely diverse and IP-STB OEMs are innovating quickly to accommodate the ever-changing requirements of this fast-paced market. Exploring these innovative IP-STBs at an early stage will help the Telcos stay competitive and ahead of the market requirements.

Service Providers need to make strategic choices about the best STB, which suits their purpose. They need to understand the advantages and potential pitfalls of each device and its impact on their service offering.To choose the right STB, the questions that Service Providers need answers to are:

(1) What is the right mix of feature sets, form factors, technologies, applications and cost that will provide a more compelling user experience?

(2) How to analyze the various options available in the market, and make the right choice with respect to the STB Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) and third party application companies.

While the destination is universally agreed upon- namely the ability of Service Providers to offer a robust service bundle of voice, data and video-there is no universal agreement among the Service Providers on the path that will take them there.

Approaches Currently Adopted in the IndustryCurrently there are different approaches followed by various Telcos, each with their own set of advantages and disadvantages.For Example:1. “I had a similar problem earlier while choosing the CPE for Broadband services, I followed the market trend and

adopted the same (what another Service Provider was providing) for my class of customer base and that really worked.”

2. “I have a fixed Budget. I can’t invest in hardware beyond that.”3. “I think………X STB will do the work since most of the specifications seems suitable to my requirements.”4. “Let us invite quotations from all of the STB manufacturers. We will freeze upon the one which will quote the

lowest rate.”

The Problem: Choosing the Right Set Top Box


Pitfalls of the Current ApproachesThere is no One Size Fit All solution, as: 1. Following a particular market trend can be the most cost effective solution as there is no cost involved in the

evaluation of different STB available in the market. However, a Service Provider might select the hardware which provides all the functionalities but may not deliver what customers require. So, it is important to choose an STB bearing in mind the requirements of one’s own customer base.

2. Fixing an upper limit on the investment required can be a hardliner decision. For better utilization of the investment and better returns in future, Service Providers need to choose an STB which caters adequately to the current needs and is scalable to cater to future requirements.

3. The assumption brings in the risk of failure, since an inability to provide a major feature may lead to customer dissatisfaction. The customer will not be forgiving and will move on to other Service Providers.

4. A Service Provider may be able to check capital investment but this could result in choosing an STB that is incapable of delivering certain important functionalities, thereby causing churn increase. On the other hand, a Service Provider could choose an STB which is capable of delivering services beyond the capability of the Service Provider’s network itself.

So, the decision needs to be based on a detailed analysis about the requirements, and how these can be met with minimum investment.

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is a leading provider of STB testing and quality assurance solutions for advanced, massively scaled Service Providers. We have developed a complete suite of STB testing solutions for both the lab and the deployed network. The key differentiator for TCS, in STB testing for lab, is its ability to test video quality.

TCS STB testing solutions provide comprehensive service quality testing. This enables Service Providers to find STBs that best suit their existing network infrastructure. It also enables them to test service quality in the network end-to-end, and accurately anticipate the subscriber’s experience early in the service development cycle.

TCS solutions reduce testing cycles with easy-to-use user interfaces and flexible testing architectures. TCS helps Service Providers adopt the right testing strategy and speed up time to revenue from new services.

The Role of Tata Consultancy Services Tata Consultancy Services has developed a strategy that focuses on helping global organizations address their business challenges effectively. Our solutions thoroughly understand the current and future business demands of our customers and provide them with a unique solution. We devise our solutions that work on potential risk areas and subsequently minimize them. We work with a vision of helping Service Providers make correct decision on STB that perfectly matches their requirements, thereby reducing the costs of upgradation over the years.

Solution from Tata Consultancy Services

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The Approach

Typically, the approach to Quality STB testing starts with:! Taking into account the functional requirements, technical standards that the solution should adhere to, specif ic

requirements for Quality of Service (QoS), Quality of Experience (QoE) and any other testing needs.! Working on various parameters to determine QoE.! Comparing the QoS & QoE with innovative testing techniques.! Delivering the validation report based on the detailed analysis and recommending the right STB best suited for

the customer’s needs.The above results are achieved using comprehensive test Cases and efficient test scripts and unique testing framework.

ActivitiesTCS has capabilities for STB black box testing to enable Service providers to validate the STB capability to:! support planned applications and services! fit into the Telco’s eco-system (Interoperability)! support the required content format! adhere to Quality of Experience parameters! meet performance parameters (upstream and downstream performance of the STB)CapabilitiesTCS has the capability to do a range of tasks under STB testing. Generic STB test categories include:! Services / Applications! Software specifications! Network protocols specifications

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Figure 1: TCS Approach

VALIDATION

REPORT&

RECOMMENDATIONS

• Functional requirements

• Technical standards

• QoS requirements

• QoE requirements

• Other customer specific testing needs

Test framework

Test Scripts

Test cases

Customer

IPTV STB

Middleware/

Headend

QoE

QoS

STB Testing


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! Video and audio codecs! Graphics and picture formats! Language support! Security! I/O interfaces! Integration supportTCS comprehensive STB test suite covers the following:

Signal (Video/Audio) Quality Testing! Chrominance to luminance gain and delay! Frequency response! Video / audio bit rates! Group delay! Noise ! Pixelization! Mean opinion scoring (qualitative)! Forward error correction etc..

Stability, Stress, Performance Testing ! Channel zapping! Channel overlap! Multiple applications with TV / VOD! System boot up time! Upstream vs. Downstream performance etc

Functional / Services Testing! Web browsing! EPG! Programming setup and preferences ! Parental control testing ! Hard drive management testing ! Video on Demand / nVOD! PVR / nPVR! PIP! Video conferencing etc

Interface Testing! Port interface (TVOut [Composite, Component, S-Video, HDMI etc.], DVO, VGA etc.)! Display device support (Display parameters, attributes etc.)! Audio device support (Audio devices, Line-in, Master output etc.)! Network device support (Ethernet, NDIS, Additional NIC, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi etc.)! USB device support (USB Storage devices etc.)

Scenario TestingThis covers the various scenarios such single user at home, multiple (upto 4) users at home, and a regression testing is carried out in these scenarios.


Conformance TestingThis covers the conformance of the STBs to the standards laid by recognized bodies mentioned below. TCS uses standard test streams, test equipments and methodologies available for the same.

STB platforms need to conform to various delivery standards, such as DVB or ATSC and middleware standards like MHP, OCAP, and ACAP and so on. Conformance testing methodology and test suites for these standards are provided by the standards body themselves. The Conformance testing methodology is as follows:

! European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) has a MHP test suite that is provided to implementers on request. The results for this test suite are submitted to ETSI who in-turn carries out the MHP certification process.

! Cable Labs, has an OpenCable Application Platform (OCAP) conformance test package to which implementers need to adhere for certification.

! Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) and Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) certifications are provided in standard test streams through equipments or loop-back. The final certification is provided by the bodies who own the standards.

! Standard test equipments are also used to do MPEG-2 TS conformance testing which is according to ISO/IEC 13818-1, is carried out using standard MPEG test equipments that can generate and spool transport streams.

! Testing is also done using a live stream to pass through the IRD and then capture it and verify the fields using a transport stream analyzer.

! IPTV STB compliance testing for protocols like RTP/RTCP and RTSP is also required.This is done using reference servers as the STB always acts as a client.

Regression TestingThis involves a set of tests pertaining to basic acceptance testing, QoE and performance testing and selected services / functional features

Integration Testing! Middleware! IPTV video server platforms! IPTV encoder platforms! IPMP / DRM platforms

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Our Strength

Convergence Lab: State-of-the-Art InfrastructureHardwareCPE devices! 815, 830, 854 STBs and Display Add-on cards from Intel DSP development boards and IPTV reference designs

Audio/Video Devices ! Home theater, SDTV, plasma TV (EDTV), HDTV, video cameras! Analysis instrumentation! Video capture card, video converters, digital video recorder, video generator, video analyzer, oscilloscope

Miscellaneous! High capacity USB HDDs, SCSI HDD and Controller, USB Hub

Software ! Windows CE .NET, embedded VC, Windows XP embedded, Windows vista! Linux Fedora Core 3.0, ELDK tool chain! Microsoft media player SDK! Misc. tools like Expect 5.21, Eshell.exe, Subversion SCM, Active State Perl 5.8.2 / SOAP, Apache Axis and Tomcat

Figure 2: Convergence Lab at TCS Kolkata


People30 people currently work in the STB development and testing, Audio/Video processing. The collective knowledge of the team covers a vast spectrum of STB stack development and testing.

Our Knowledge

Knowledge ManagementTCS has a Learning & Development (L&D) function that is responsible for continuous learning of TCS associates. The activities of the L&D group extend, not only to training TCS associates, but also to that of our customers and their vendors to facilitate smoother integration and quicker turn-around. TCS has numerous alliances with academia for enhancement of knowledge through PhD Programmes, Conferences, seminars, workshops and research sponsorship.

Academic AlliancesTCS has formed alliances with the following top reputed institutes that gives us an opportunity to learn and share the knowledge in the area of signal and image processing:! IIT Kharagpur in the area of Signal Processing! ISI Kolkata in the area of Image Processing and Video search

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Figure 3: TCS Knowledge in various Areas

Access Interface Access Middleware Content Processing Content Rendering

Device Drivers for various Wireless Access Devices (WLAN, WiMAX, ZigBee)

Device Drivers for various Wireline Broadband Access Devices (DSL, Cable Modem, Gigabit Ethernet, Optical)

Embedded Protocol

Stacks

Streaming Protocols

Embedded Board

Support Packs and Peripheral Device Drivers

Middleware like MHP,

IPTV, OpenTV etc.

Digital Rights Management – Watermarking,

Encryption

Image Processing

Transcoding

Audio, Video, Speech Codecs

Graphics/Video/Audio/Speech Processing andDevice Drivers

Media Players

IPTV Applications

Mobile TV Applications

Place-shift / Time - shift Applications

Surveillance

Gaming

Video Conferencing / Video Phone


Standard Forums! WiMAX Forum

Assets! Video Processing Toolbox! Test case suites! Embedded Test Automation Framework (ETAF)

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Figure 4: Embedded Test Automation Framework

Test Automation FrameworkTest Automation

Components

Test Automation Framework for STB/Embedded System Design

Perl/SOAP based generic Communication Framework

Web-based GUI for Remote Access and Monitoring

Java based Test management Server Component

Video capture & Image qualification for

Automating Visual tests

Automated Test Bench for DSP Implementation

of Algorithms

MAC Layer Testing Framework (extensible to

other protocols)

Test Scripts integrated for • Embedded Graphics• Wireless base band implementations • WiMAX MACCustomized and Implemented

for chipset vendors and equipment manufacturers


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Benefits delivered by TCS’ STB Testing Solutions

Conclusion

References

Driving Cost EfficiencyTCS’s comprehensive STB testing solutions provide value to its customers by helping them reap the maximum out of the investments by choosing the best suited STB which caters to the current and future market needs and thereby reducing the costs involved on upgrading the STB in next few years.

Enabling New Features and Services within Existing Network InfrastructureTCS’s STB testing solutions are designed keeping in view any proposed or ongoing advancements in the current infrastructure. The recommendations enable the feasibility of ongoing and proposed advancements in terms of technology and business processes.

Advantages of Choosing the Right STB ! QoE! Increased loyalty from customers! Uptake of new services! Reduced churn! Increased revenue and profits

The STB is a consumer device that will be used in homes for a very long time, and the model of upgrading the hardware as seen in the PC market cannot be realistically implemented. A Service Provider needs to ensure that the STB initially deployed in the market can still perform satisfactorily in several years time while running an increasing number of interactive applications.

The latest STB technologies offer a Telco broadcaster ample choice to provide exciting interactive services and to generate revenue. The selection of STB technologies is one of the most important decisions the Telco broadcaster has to make. The Telco broadcaster has to make sure that the STB they select will enable them to offer the latest applications to their box population. TCS’s solutions enable the Service Provider to make an informed investment, which will positively impact the business for years to come.

1) http://www.iptv-industry.com2) http://www.xmediaresearch.com/stbcon/issues.htm3) http://www.etsi.org4) http://www.itu.int5) Digital TV,IPTV, STB: TCS Offerings and Solutions6) General Understanding & Standard Literature


All content / information present here is the exclusive property of Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS). The content / information contained here is correct at the time of publishing. No material from here may be copied, modified, reproduced, republished, uploaded, transmitted, posted or distributed in any form without prior written permission from TCS. Unauthorized use of the content / information appearing here may violate copyright, trademark and other applicable laws, and could result in criminal or civil penalties.

Copyright © 2008 Tata Consultancy Services Limited

TCS IPTV Initiative Team in collaboration with TCS Innovation Lab, Convergence and Sensor TechnologyTCS’ IPTV Initiative has been at the forefront to drive the new wave of

Telco and Cable business thru' IPTV services with the stated

objective to be a trusted partner in delivering IPTV solutions which

are efficient (value for money) and effective (meet the business need

with built in futurity). TCS IPTV offerings are categorized into the key

functional domains of Network, Content, OSS/BSS and VAS, and

spread across the entire spectrum of services from Consulting to IT

services to BPO. TCS has invested in an IPTV Lab in Hyderabad which

is fully equipped with facilities to train, demo and brainstorm. The

team is focused on building assets & alliances, executing projects,

and training people to serve multiple customers across the globe.

The Convergence & Sensor Technology Innovation Lab has primary

focus in following areas:

! Research in collaboration with Academic and Industrial partners

! Asset and Solution Development

! IPR Generation

! Participation in Industry Forums and Standard Bodies

The group works in the following technology domains:

! Multimedia

! Communication (Wireless)

! RFID and Sensor Systems

www.tcs.com

[email protected]

About Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)Tata Consultancy Services Limited is an IT services, business

solutions and outsourcing organization that delivers real results to

global businesses, ensuring a level of certainty no other firm can

match. TCS offers a consulting-led, integrated portfolio of IT and IT-

enabled services delivered through its unique Global Network TMDelivery Model , recognized as the benchmark of excellence in

software development.

A part of the Tata Group, India's largest industrial conglomerate, TCS

has over 100,000 of the world's best trained IT consultants in 50

countries. The company generated consolidated revenues of US

$5.7billion for fiscal year ended 31 March 2008 and is listed on the

National Stock Exchange and Bombay Stock Exchange in India. For

more information, visit us at www.tcs.com

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