the text of aajurroomiyyah translated word by word

7/25/2019 The Text of Aajurroomiyyah Translated Word By Word

1/36

The text

of Aajurroomeeyah

in

grammar

Says

the author

may have mercy on him:

Allah:

the kinds

of speech

:

Useful sounds:

It is

expressions/utterances

compounded,

meaningful.

in its syntatical sequence.

And its only parts consists of

:

three:

the noun,

the verb,

and the particle

coming.

with signification/meaning.

Then the noun

is known

,and noonationby an expression of kasra due to an agent

and entering

alef

and laam

upon it,

and the letters

of expression of kasra due to an agent,

and they are

from,

and to,

and about,

and upon,

and in,

and with,

and baa,

and kaaf,

and laam,

and the letters

of oath,

and they are

waw,

and bah,

.

and tah.


2/36

::

. .:

.

Chapter 1: Speech

And the verb

is understood

with certainly,

and seen,

and will,

and taa

of feminity

.vowel-less.

The particle

it

not

does accept

with it

indications

of the noun

and not

indications.

of the noun.

The door

of inflection

inflection

:it is:

it changes

the endings

of the words

by the difference

of the active element/regent

entering

upon it

apparent

or.

supposition.

And its parts:

are four:

nominative case,

and accusative case,

and possessive case,

and jussive/oblique case,

then for nounsthatfrom

nominative case,


and possessive case,

and not

jussive/oblique case

in it,

then for verbs

from

that

nominative case,


and jussive/oblique case,


3/36

and not

possessive case

.

in it.

.

.:

:

.

.

Chapter

first

signs

of inflection/case ending

inFor nominative case:,and the waw,the damma:signsfour

.and the alef,

and the noon.

Then for

the damma

then it is

signs

for nominative case

in

:

four

positions:

the noun

single form,

and the plural

broken,

and the plural

feminine

sound,

and the verb

present

which

nothing has

attached/contacted

with its ending

.

anything.

And for

the waw

then was

signs

for nominative case

in:

two cases:

in

plural

masculine

sound,

and in

the nouns

five,

:and they are:

your father,

and your brother,,and your mouth,and your father-in-law


4/36

and posessors

.

of wealth.

And for

the alef

then was

signs

for nominative case

in

dual

nouns.

specially.

:

: .

:

.

. :

.

And for

the noon

then was

sign

for nominative case

in

the verb

present,

when

attached

with it

pronoun

of duality,

or

pronoun

of plurality,

or

pronoun

of femininity.

addressing/second person.

And for the accusative case

five:

signs

the fatha,

and the alef,

and the kasra,

and the yah,

and deletion

.

of the noon.

Then for

the fatha

then was

a sign

for the accusative case

in

three

:cases:

in

the noun

singular,

and plural

broken,

and the verb

present tense

when

entered

to it

the subjunctive case,

and has not


5/36

attached

with its ending

.

anything.

And for

the alef

then was

a sign

for accusative

in

the nouns

five,

:just like:

(I saw

your father

and your brother)

and what

similar

.

that.

:

.

.

:

.

:.

And for

the kasra

then was

a sign

for accusative case

in

plural

a signthen wasthe yahAnd for.sound.feminine

for accusative case

in

the dual.

and the plural.

And for

the deletion

of the noon

then was

a sign

for the accusative case

in

the verbs

five

which

its nominative case

with the constancy

.

of the noon.

And for the genitive case

three:signs:

the kasra,

and the yah,

.

and the fatha.

Then for

the kasra

then was

a sign


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for genitive case

in

three

:

cases:

in

the noun

singular

fully inflected,

and plural

broken

fully inflected,

and in

plural

of femininity

.

sound.

And for

the yah

then was

a sign

for genitive case

in

three

:cases:

in

the nouns

five,

and in

duality

.

and plural.

.

.

:

.

: .

.

. :

And for

the fatha

then was

a sign

for genitive case

in

the noun

which

not.

fully inflected.

And for the jussive case

:

two signs:

the sukun,.

and the deletion.

Then for

the sukun

then it is

the sign

for jussive case

in

the verb

present

sound

.

ending.

And for

the deletion

it is

a sign

for jussive

in

the verb

present

weak


7/36

of ending

and in

the verbs

five

which

its indicative

with removal

.

of the noon.

Division

of the inflected

the inflected

:

are two parts:

a part

inflected

with vowel signs,

and a part

inflected.

with letters.

.:

.

.

.:

.

Then which

inflected

with vowel signs

four

:

things:

the noun

singular,

and the plural

of brokenness,

and the plural

of feminine

sound,

and the verb

present tense

which

not

connected

with its ending.

anything.

And each of them

made nominative

with damma,

and made accusative

with fatha,

and made genitive

with kasra,

and made jussive

.

with sukun,

and separated

from

that

three:

things:

the plural

of femininity

sound

made accusative


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with kasra,

and the noun

which

not

fully inflectable

is made genitive

with fatha,

and the verb

present

attached

its ending

jussive

with deletion

.

of its ending.

And which

inflects

with letters

are four:

types:

the dual,

and the plural

of masculinity

sound,

and the nouns

five,

and the verbs

five,

:

and they are:

they two masculine do,

and they two feminine/you two do

they all masculine do,

you all masculine do,

..and you feminine do

:

.

.:

.

:

. :

Then for

the duality

then you make nominative case

with the alef,

and you make accusative case


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and make genitive case

with the yah.

And for

plural

of masculinity

sound

then it makes nominative case

with the waw

and makes accusative case

and makes genitive case

with the yah.

And for

the nouns

five

then it makes nominative case

with waw,


with alef,

and makes genitive case

with yah.

And for

the verbs

five

then it makes indicative mood

and makes subjunctive mood,with noon

and makes jussive mood

.

with deletion of it.

The chapter

of the verbs

the verbs:

are three:

past tense,

and present tense,

and command tense,

:

just like:

he hit,

and he did hit,.

and hit.

The past tense:

with a fatha

of ending.

always,

and the command tense

jussive

.

always.


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.

. : :

.

.

And the present tense

what

was

in

its first

one

of additions

four

which

when joined to it:

you can say:

(hamza, noon, yah and tah)

and it is

nominative case

always,

until

enters

upon it

subjunctive

or.

jussive.

Then the subjunctiveness

are ten,

:and they are:

to/that,

and never/will not,

and then/therefore,

and in order to/so that,

and the lam

so that,

and the lam

of evasion,

and until/up to,

and the response/conclusion/main clause of a sentence

with the fah

and the waw,

.and or.

And the jussive

eight

ten,

:and they are:

did not,

and did not/what,

and did not,

,and supplicationof commandand the lam,and what not

and


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(do not)

in

prohibition

and supplication,

and if,

and what,

and whoever,

and whatever,

and whenever/if

what,

and which,

and when,

and where

and whereabouts,

and such that,

and wherever,

and however,

and then/therefore

in

poetry

.

specifically.

:

:

.

.

:

.

Chapter

of nominative cases

of the nouns

nominative cases

are seven,

:

and they are:

the active element,

and the object

which

,and the subject,its subjecthas been called/namednot

and its predicate,

and the noun of

(was)/the verb to be

and its sisters,

and the predicate of

(certainly)/accusative particle

and its sisters,

and the followers


12/36

of the nominative case,

and it is

four:

things:

the adjective,

and the conjunction,

and the emphasis,.

and the substitute.

The chapter

of the active element

the active element

:it is:

the noun,

the nominative case,

mentioning

before it.

its verb.

and it is

upon

:

two parts:

apparent,

.

and hidden,

then the apparent

just like:

your saying:

stood

Zayd,

and stands

Zayd,

and stood

the two Zayds,

and stands

the two Zayds,

and stood

the Zayds,

and standsthe Zayds,and stoodthe man,and stands

,the man

and stood

:

.

:

. :.:

:

Hind,

and stands

Hind,

and stood

the two Hinds,

and stands


13/36

the two Hinds,

and stood

the Hinds,

and stands

the Hinds,

and stood

the Hinds,

and stands

the Hinds,

and stood

your brother,

and stands

your brother,

and stood

the boy/slave,

and stands

the boy/slave,

and what

is similar to

.that.

The hidden

are two

ten,

just like

:

your saying:

(I hit,

and we hit,

and you masculine hit,

and you feminine hit,

and you two hit,

and you all masculine hit,

and you all feminine hit,

and he hit,

and she hit,

and they two hit,

and they masculine hit,.

and they feminine hit).

Chapter

of acted upon

which

did not

call

its active element

:and it is:

the noun,

nominative case,

which

mentiondid not

with it..its active element

Then if

wasthe verb

past tense

put damma

the first

and put kasra

what

before

its ending/penultimate

and if

was

present tense

put damma

the first

and put fathabeforewhat

..its ending/penultimate


14/36

: .

:

.

.

.

And it is

upon:

two divisions:

apparent,

and hidden;

just likethen the apparent:(Zaid(was beaten/hityour saying

and

(is beaten/hit

Zaid)

and

(was honored

Amr)

and

(is honored

.

Amr).:

And the hidden

two

ten,

just like:

your saying

(I was beaten/hit,

and we were beaten/hit,

and you masculine were beaten/hit,

and you feminine were beaten/hit,

and you two were beaten/hit,

and you all masculine were beaten/hit,

and you all feminine were beaten/hit,

and he was beaten/hit,

and she was beaten/hit,

and the two were beaten/hit,

and they masculine were beaten/hit,


15/36

.

and they feminine were beaten/hit).

(the chapter

of the subject

and the predicate)

the subject:

:it is

the noun

nominative case

free

from

causes/factors/active element

.expression/oral,

and the predicate:

:it is

the noun

nominative case

dependent

to it,

just like

:

your saying

(Zayd

is standing)

and

(the two Zayds

are standing)

and

(the Zayds

.

are standing).

: :

: .:

:

.

:

.

.:

And the subject

:

has two parts:

apparent,

.and hidden;

:then the apparent

what

came before

.its mentioning,

and the hidden

two

ten,

:and they are:

I,

we,

you masculine,

you feminine,

you two,

you all masculine,

you all feminine,

he,


16/36

she,

they two,

they masculine,

they feminine,

just like

:your saying:

(I

am standing

and we

are standing)

and what

is similar to.

that.

and the predicate:

has two parts:

singular;

and other than.

singular,

then the singular

:just like:

(Zayd

.

is standing)

and other than

the singular

four:

things:

the preposition

and the word it governs/in genitive form,

and the circumstantial verbal noun,

and the verb

with

its active element,

and the subject

with

its predicate,

just like

:your saying:

(Zayd

is in

the house,

and Zayd

is near/by you,

and Zayd

is standing

his father,

and Zayd

his female slave/abigail

.is going).

.:. :

:

.: :

: .:.

:

.


17/36

The chapter

of functions/elements/causatives

entering

upon

the subject

and the predicate

and they are

three:

things:

the verb to be/was

and its sisters,

and the accusative particle/certainly

and its sisters,

and I thought

.

and its sisters.

then as for

the verb to be/(was)

and its sisters,

then certainly it

makes nominative case

the noun,


the predicate,

:and they are:

the verb to be/was,

and it became in the night,

and it turned into/became in the morning,

and it became in the forenoon,

and he remained/became,

and it became in the night/he spent the night/stayed overnight,

and it turned into,

and is not,

and still (continuance)

he is,

and not/keep

he is stopping/doing,

and not/continuously

he is stopping/doing,

and still/continuing

he is,

and as long as


18/36

he is remaining,

and what

is derived

from them:

just like:

he was,

and he is,

and be,

and he became/it became morning,

and he becomes/it becomes morning,

and become (morning),

you say:

(was

Zayd

standing,

and is not

Amr

gazing/glancing in the eyes)

and what

is similar

.to that.

And for

certainly/accusative particle

and its sisters

then certainly it

makes accusative case

the noun

and makes nominative case

the predicate,

:

and they are:

certainly/indeed/verily,

and that,

and but,

and as if,

and wish/if only,

and perhaps,:

you say:

verily

Zaid

is standing,

and I wish

Amr

was staring/gazing,

:

.

:

:

: .

:

and what

similar

to it,

and the meaning

of certainly

and that


19/36

emphasis,

and but

for correction/rectification/to supply that which is missing,

and as if

for comparison,

and wish/if only

for wishing,

and perhaps

for hope

.

and expectation.

And for

I thought/double accusative verb

and its sisters

then certainly it

makes accusative

the subject

and predicate

upon

that of the two

acted upon

for them,

:and they are:

I thought/believed/regarded,

and I thought/believed/regarded,



and I knew,

and I knew,

and I found,

and I took,

and I made,

and I heard;

:

you say:

I thought

Zayd

was standing,

I saw

Amr

gazing/staring,

and what

is similar

.

to that.

(the chapter

of the adjective)

The adjective:

a follower

for the word being described

in


20/36

its nominative

and its accusative

and its genitive,

and definiteness

and indefiniteness;

you say

stood

The Zayd

intelligent,

and I saw

the Zayd

intelligent,

and I passed

by the Zaid.

intelligent.

.

:

:

.

.

The definitenessfive

:implied/pronoun formthe noun:things

just like:

I

and you,

and the noun

proper

:just like:

Zayd

and Mecca,

and the noun

vague/unclear/demonstrative

:just like:

this masculine

and this feminine

and these,

and the noun

which

in it

the alif

and the lam

just like:

the man

and the boy,

and what

is attached

to

one

from

these

.

four.

and the indefinites:

every


21/36

noun

general/common

in

its gender

not

specifying

with it

one

without

the other,

and its closer comprehension:

all

that

uses

the entry

of the alef

and the lam

upon it,

:just like

the man

.

and the horse.

Chapter

of the conjunction

and the particles

of the conjunction

are ten,

:

and they are:

the waw/and,

and the faa/and/so/then,

and then/next,

and or,

and or,

and either,

and but,

and not,

and but,

and until

in

some.

places.

:

:

:

.

:

: .

.

Then if

was conjoined

with it

upon

nominative case/indicative mood

it will be nominative case/indicative mood,

or

upon


22/36

accusative case/subjunctive mood

it will be accusative case/subjunctive mood,

or

upon

genitive casejussive mooduponor,it will be genitive case

it will be jussive mood,:

you say:

(stood

Zayd

and Amr,

and I saw

Zayd

and Amr,

and I passed

by Zaid

and Amr,

and Zaid

did not

stand

and did not

.

sit).

The chapter

of the emphasis/intensifying apposition

the emphasis:

(a follower

for the emphasized/definite word

in

its nominative

and its accusative

and its genitive

.

and its definiteness).

and is

with expressions

certain/specific,

:and they are:

the self,

and the self/same,

and each/every/all,

and entire/whole/all,

and the followers

of plural/entire/whole/all,

and they are:

all/altogether/whole/entire,

and all/altogether/whole/entire,

and all/altogether/whole/entire,:stood:you say

,himselfZayd


23/36

and I saw

the people

all of them,

and I passed by

the people

.all.

:

.

: .

:

.

The chapter

of the substitute

When

I replace

a noun

from

a noun

or

a verb

from

a verb

it follows

in

all

.

of its inflection.

And it is

upon

four::parts

substitute/replacement

of something

from

something,

and substitute

of some part

from

the whole,

and the substitute

of containment/inclusiveness,

and the subtitute

of incorrect/error,

just like:

your saying:

(stood

Zayd

your brother,

and I ate

a roll/loaf of bread

a third of it,

and benefited me

Zaid

with his knowledge,

I saw

Zaid

the horse),

you wanted

that:

you said

I saw

the horse


24/36

then erring/mistaking

then substituting

Zaid.

from it.

Chapter

of accusatives

of the nouns

the accusatives

five

ten,

:the acted upon:and they are

by it,

and the infinitive,

and adverbs

of time,

and adverbs

of place,

and the condition,

.

:

:

:.

:

and the specification,

and the excepted/excluded,

and the noun

of not,

and the vocative noun,

and the acted upon/object

for

the sake of it,

and the acted upon/object

accompanying it,

and the predicate

of the verb to be/was,and its sisters

and the noun

of certainly/accusative particle

and its sisters,

and the followers

for the accusative,

and they are

four:

things:

the adjective,

and the conjunction,

and the emphasis,


25/36

.and the substitute.

Chapter

of the object/acted upon

by it

:and it is:

the noun,

accusative case,

which

is located

upon it

the verb,

just like

I hit/beat/struck

Zaid,

and I rode.

the horse.

and it is

:two parts:

apparent/noun,

.and implied/pronoun;

:then the apparent

not

begins

.its mention,

and the implied

:two parts:

attached,

.and separated,

and the attached

are two

ten,

:and they are:

he hit/beat me,

and he hit/beat us,

and he hit/beat you masculine,

and he hit/beat you feminine,

and he hit/beat you two,

and he hit/beat you all masculine,

:

.:

.

:

.

. :.:

:

and he hit/beat you all feminine,

and he hit/beat him,

and he hit/beat her,

and he hit/beat them two,

and he hit/beat them masculine,.

and he hit/beat them feminine.


26/36

And the separated

are two

ten,

:and they are:

I,

and we,

and you masculine,

and you feminine,

and you two,

and you all masculine,

and you all feminine,

and him,

and her,

and them two,

and them masculine,

.

and them feminine.

Chapter

of the infinitive

the infinitive

:

it is:

a noun,

accusative case,

which

comes

third

in

conjungation

of the verb,

:just like:

he hit,

he hits,

.to hit.

and it is

:two parts:

pronounced/verbal,

and semantic/pertaining to meaning,

then if

agrees with

its pronounciation

the pronounciation

of its verb

then it is

pronounced/verbal,

:just like:

I killed him.

a killing/fatally,

and if

agrees

the meaning

of its verb

without

its pronouncation

then it is

semantic/pertaining to meaning,

:just like:

I sat

a sitting/down,

and I stood

a standing/up/tall,

and what

is similar to

.

that.


27/36

.

:

.:

:.:

.

:

. :

Chapter

of the adverb

of time,

and the adverb

of place

the adverb

of time

:

it is:

a noun

of time

accusative case:

with implied

(in)

:just like

the day,

and the night,

and the early morning,

and the early morning,

and the time before day break,

and tomorrow,

and the first third of the night/darkness,

and the midnight to noon,

and the evening,

and forever/always/endless,

and a long time,

and for some time.

And what

is similar to

.that.

And the adverb

of place

:it is:

a noun

of place

accusative case

:

with implied

(in/at),

just like:

,and above,and behind,and in front of,and behind,in front of


28/36

and below,

and at/by/with,

and opposite/facing/face to face with,

and opposite/facing/face to face with,

and in front of,

is similar toand what,and here,and then,and there/over there

.that.

(the chapter

of the condition)

the condition:

is:

the noun,

accusative case,

explaining

for that which

is obscure/ambiguous/dubious

from

conditions/situations,

just like:

your saying:

(came

Zayd

riding)

and

(I rode

:

:

:

.:

:

.

: :

the horse

saddling)and

(I metof Allahthe servant

riding)

and what

is similar to

.that.

And not

is

the condition

except

indefinite,

and not

is

except

after

complete

speech,

and not

is

its associate/follower

except.

definite.

The chapter


29/36

of the specification

the specification

:it is:

the noun,

the accusative case,

the explanation

for that which

is obscure

from

the essence,

just like:

your saying:

(dripped

Zaid

of sweat)

and

(burst/exploded

Bakr

in fat)

and

(is good

Muhammad

person)

and

(I bought

twenty

books)

and

(I owned

ninety

ewes/female sheep)

and

(Zayd

is more honorable/noble

than you

as a father)

and

(he is more beautiful

than you

.in facial appearance/looks).And notisexceptindefinite,

and not

is

except

after

complete.

speech.

.

.:

:

.

.

The chapter

of the exception/expulsion

and the particles

of exception:

are eight,

and they are:

except,

and other than,


30/36

and except/other than/unlike,


and whether,

and except/apart from,


.

and except/apart from.by exceptThen the excepted

makes accusative

when

was

the speech

complete

positive,

:just like:

(spoke

the people

except

Zaid)

and

(left

the people

except

Amr)

and if

was

the speech

negative

complete

allowing/permitting

in it

the substitute

accusative

upon

the exception,

:

just like:

(not

stood

the people

except

Zaid)

and

(except

Zaid)

and if

was

the speech

incomplete

was

upon

according to

functions/factors,

:just like:

(not

stood

except

Zaid)

exceptI struck/hit/beat(notandexceptI passed(notand(Zaid

.

by Zaid).

And the exception

with except/other than/unlike,



and other than

genitive case

not.

other.


31/36

:

: .

:

:

. .

And the exception

with except/apart from,



it permits

its accusative

and its genitive,

:just like:

(stood

the people

except

Zaid,

and Zaid)

and

(except

Amr

and Amr),

and

(except

Bakr

.

and Bakr).

Chapter of

(no)

know

that

(no)

makes accusative case

the indefinite

with other than

noonation

if

directly preceding

the indefinite

and did not

repeat

(no)

just like

(no

man

in

.the house).then ifdid notcome immediately after it

necessitates

the nominative

and necessitates

repeating

(no)

just like:

(not

in

the house

a man

nor.

a woman)

then if

is repeated

(no)

it is permissible to have

its function

and its cancellation,

then if


32/36

you want:

you say:

(no

man

in

the house

nor.

woman).

:

.

.

.

.:

The chapter

of the vocative

the vocative

five:

types:

the singular

proper noun,

and the indefinite

known/intended,

and the indefinite

other than

known/intended,

and the attached/possessed,

and the similar.

with the attached/possessed.

Then for

the singular

proper noun,

and the indefinite

intended

then both are structural

upon

the damma

from

other than

noonation,

:

just like

(O Zaid)

and

.

(O man)

and the three

remaining

accusative case

no.

other.

Chapter


from

its sake/reason

and it is:

a noun,

accusative case,

which

mentions

explaining


33/36

for the reason

of taking place

of the action,

just like:

your saying:

(stood

Zaid

out of respect

for Amr)

and

(I came to you

desiring

.

that which is good for you).

:

.

:.

.

.:

Chapter


with it/accompaniment

and it is:

the noun,

the accusative case,

which

is mentioned

with specifying

from

whom is done to

with it

the action,

just like

:your saying:

(came

the leader

with the army)

and

(became level

the water

.

with the wood).

And for

the predicate of

(was)/the verb to be

and its sisters

and the noun of

(certainly/indeed)/accusative particle

and its sisters

inmention of the twocame beforethen certainly


34/36

the nominatives,

and like that

the followers;

the certainly

came before.

there.

The chapter

of the genitives

from

the nouns

the genitives

are three:

kinds:

genitive case

with the particle/preposition,

and genitive case

with the attachment/possession construction,

and the followers

.of the genitive case.

and for

the genitive case

with the prepositions/particles

then it is:

what

,and from,and to/toward,by fromis made genitive case

and upon,

and in,

and few/many/perhaps,

and the bah,

and the kaf,

:.

.:

.

and the lam,

and the particles/prepositions

of the oath:,


35/36

and they are:

the waw,

and the bah,

and the tah,

and with the waw

of perhaps,

and with has since,

.and since/ago.

And for

that which

makes genitive case

with the attachment/possession construction,

then just like

:your saying:

(a boy/servant

of Zaid)

and it is

upon

two parts:

that which

is implied

with the lam,

and what

is implied

with from;

and the one which

is implied

with the lam

:just like

(the boy/servant

of Zaid)

and the one which

is implied

with from,:

just like

(a garment

of silk)

and

(a door

of sheet iron)

and

(a ring

.

of iron).

Completed

with all praise and thanks

.

to Allah.

.

:

: :

..

...


36/36

the text of aajurroomiyyah translated word by word

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