the triggering probability of radio‐ loud agnrieth/talks/hergs_and_lergs.pdf · conclusions...

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The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGN October 10, 2012 Henry Cornell Dave Riethmiller

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Page 1: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

The triggering probability of radio‐

loud AGN 

October 10, 2012 Henry Cornell 

Dave Riethmiller 

Page 2: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

AcCve GalacCc Nuclei: DefiniCon •  Compact region at the center 

of a galaxy  

•  Very high luminosity over some porCon (or all porCons) of the EM spectrum  

•  RadiaCon caused by accreCon of mass by supermassive black hole  

•  Quasars, Blazars, Radio Galaxies  

•  Radio Loud or Quiet 

Page 3: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Brightest type of radio loud classified as “Radio galaxy.” 

Page 4: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Radio Galaxies •  Produce large jets and lobes  

•  Lobe emission from synchrotron radiaCon 

 •  Associated with recently merged ellipCcal galaxies 

Page 5: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’
Page 6: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

HERGs  (High‐ExcitaCon Radio Galaxy) 

 Gas from cold reservoir reaches SMBH, accreCon at higher rates in radiaCvely efficient process, AGN has many luminous emission lines. 

LERGs (Low‐ExcitaCon Radio Galaxy) 

 Hot gas from red ellipCcal’s X‐ray halo falls at low Eddington rates onto SMBH’s center.  RadiaCvely inefficient accreCon process, AGN lacks luminous emission lines. 

Advec-on‐Dominated Accre-on Flow   Important for accreCon rates well below the Eddington limit.  AccreCng ma]er does not form a thin disc and consequently does not radiate away the energy that it has acquired in moving close to the black hole.  

Page 7: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

The Sample VASC database constructed from SDSS, NVSS, FIRST cross comparisons.  For each galaxy, VASC contains derived quanCCes 

 stellar mass M*  star formaCon rate SFR  VASC 

value‐added spectroscopic catalogs  SDSS Sloan Digital Sky Survey  NVSS NaConal Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) Very Long Array (VLA) Sky Survey  FIRST Faint Images of the Radio Sky Telescope at twenty cenCmeters 

 927,522 galaxies in VASC 18,286 idenCfied as radio sources  

RL source radio emission Ced to star formaCon 

Page 8: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Dn(4000) 

RaCo of shaded regions termed “4000‐A break strength.” 

If galaxy with recent star formaCon (i.e. young blue stars), will see more blue light from new stars. 

red blue 

Page 9: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

The Sample VASC Radio Sources 

+ Radio emission Ced to star formaCon 

 Radio‐Loud Source 

Best et al., 2005 

HERGs LERGs 

filter based on redshih, filter based on mass, throw out QSOs... 

Page 10: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

High vs Low ExcitaCon 

Best et al., 2012 ClassificaCon scheme based on strengths of 6 line raCos:  [O III] 5007/Hα [O III] 5007/[O II] 3727 [O III]/Hβ [N II]/Hα [S II]/Hα [O I]/Hα  and a set of classificaCon rules 

Page 11: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

What Color? # galaxies per bin 

Orange: Strateva et al. 2001 

Page 12: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs. 

Page 13: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Radio‐Loud AGN FracCon 

InvesCgate which galaxies preferenCally host RL AGN by determining the fracCon fRL as funcCon of:  host galaxy mass star formaCon rate color (x) radio luminosity & excitaCon (y)  A = all RL AGNs G = all galaxies V = volume in which each galaxy can be observed 

fRLy,x

=1

Vmax

ii! Ay ,x

#

%

&

(

1

Vmax

jj ! Gy ,x

#

%

&

(

) 1

fRLy,x

= N y,xA / N

xG

Page 14: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

1. AGN ExcitaCon & Host Mass 

fRLLE

!M*

2.5

fRLHE

!M*

1.5

LERG dependence saturates at ~11.6 M*  HERGs much less dependent on radio luminosity cut. 

Page 15: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

2. Host Mass & SFR 

log fRL LERG fRL bands horizontal, no correlaCon. HERG fRL bands show preferenCal direcCon. 

Page 16: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

3. Color & Host Mass LERGs: Red and Green fracCon drops strongly with luminosity cut, Blue mostly unchanged. 

HERGs show preference for blue or green galaxies, over red. 

Page 17: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

4. Color & Luminosity 

Page 18: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

5.  Color & SFR 

Blue populaCon (HERGs and LERGs) shows steep dependence on SFR, Green not so much.  Luminosity cut differences also apparent.  Red fracCon higher in LERGs than HERGs.  

Page 19: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Conclusions   Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is 

evident by the LERGs’ stronger mass dependence, regardless of color:      The probability that a red galaxy hosts a LERG depends strongly on the 

applied radio luminosity cut.  

  The probability that a green galaxy of a given mass hosts a LERG is lower compared to both red and blue populaCon.  

  The probability to host a HERG is significantly higher in green or blue than in red galaxies.  

 Within the blue populaCon, the probability to host a RL AGN (both HERG & LERG) is strongly correlated with SFR.  This dependence is weaker or absent in red or green populaCons. 

fRLLE

!M*

2.5fRLHE

!M*

1.5

Page 20: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

Conclusions 

Results suggest that presence of cold gas in a galaxy enhances probability that its SMBH becomes luminous RL AGN, compared with the typical LERG model in red ellipCcals. 

Page 21: The triggering probability of radio‐ loud AGNrieth/talks/HERGS_and_LERGs.pdf · Conclusions Radio‐Loud AGN in the local universe are dominated by LERGs, as is evident by the LERGs’

HERGs  (High‐ExcitaCon Radio Galaxy) 

 Gers frerm cerld rerservoir rerches SMBH, accrerCon at higher rertes in rerdiaCvely effercient prercess, AGN has merny lerminous emerssion lernes. 

LERGs (Low‐ExcitaCon Radio Galaxy) 

 Hert gers frerm rerd ellerpCcal’s X‐ray herlo ferlls at lerw Eddington rertes onter SMBH’s cernter.  RerdiaCvely ineffercient accrerCon prercess, AGN lercks lerminous emerssion lernes. 

Admit it ‐ you’ve been thinking this through the whole talk: 

ERMERGERD 

LERGS