The TudorsThe Tudors

England’s unifying dynastyEngland’s unifying dynasty

A Nation DividedA Nation Divided

England was a nation at war. Torn England was a nation at war. Torn between the noble families, between the noble families, Lancasters and the Yorks, the War of Lancasters and the Yorks, the War of the Roses kept the nation in turmoil.the Roses kept the nation in turmoil.

Since 1461, the throne switched Since 1461, the throne switched between the York and Lancanstrian between the York and Lancanstrian decendents of Edward III.decendents of Edward III.

YorkYork Lancaster Lancaster

Battle of BosworthBattle of Bosworth

The real matter was decided on the The real matter was decided on the battlefield, August 22, 1485, at the Battle of battlefield, August 22, 1485, at the Battle of Bosworth Field. It was here that Henry and Bosworth Field. It was here that Henry and his forces met with Richard III and Henry his forces met with Richard III and Henry won the crown. It was truly through the won the crown. It was truly through the defeat of Richard and the 'right of conquest' defeat of Richard and the 'right of conquest' that Henry (decendent of the Lancastrian that Henry (decendent of the Lancastrian line) claimed the throne. It was solidified line) claimed the throne. It was solidified however, by his marriage to Elizabeth of however, by his marriage to Elizabeth of York, the eldest child of the late York, the eldest child of the late king, Edward IV. king, Edward IV.

Henry VIIHenry VII

Son of Edmund Tudor and Margaret Son of Edmund Tudor and Margaret Beaufort.Beaufort.

The main problem facing Henry was The main problem facing Henry was restoring faith and strength in the restoring faith and strength in the monarchy. monarchy.

He increased the wealth of England.He increased the wealth of England. He established the Tudor dynasty.He established the Tudor dynasty.

Henry had seven Henry had seven children by children by Elizabeth of York, Elizabeth of York, four of whom four of whom survived infancy: survived infancy: Arthur, who died Arthur, who died shortly after his shortly after his marriage marriage to Catherine of to Catherine of Aragon, Henry, Aragon, Henry, Margaret and Mary. Margaret and Mary.

Henry VIIIHenry VIII

Henry was just shy of 18 years old Henry was just shy of 18 years old when he became king in 1509, and had when he became king in 1509, and had been preparing for it from the time of been preparing for it from the time of his older brother Arthur's death. his older brother Arthur's death.

After receiving a papal dispensation, After receiving a papal dispensation, Henry marries his dead brother’s wife, Henry marries his dead brother’s wife, Catherine of Aragon, about 2 months Catherine of Aragon, about 2 months after becoming king. after becoming king.

Henry’s 6 WivesHenry’s 6 Wives

Catherine of Catherine of Aragon Aragon – Daughter of Daughter of

Ferdinand and Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.Isabella of Spain.

– Married 1509Married 1509– Only one living Only one living

child, Marychild, Mary– Divorced 1533Divorced 1533– Died 1536Died 1536

Anne BoleynAnne Boleyn–Married 1533Married 1533–Had only one Had only one living child, living child, ElizabethElizabeth

–Executed 1536Executed 1536

Jane SeymourJane SeymourMarried 1536Married 1536Had only one Had only one living child, living child, EdwardEdwardDied from Died from childbirth childbirth complications in complications in 15371537

Anne of ClevesAnne of Cleves–Married Jan. Married Jan.

15401540–Marriage never Marriage never

consummatedconsummated–Divorced July Divorced July

15401540

Catherine Catherine HowardHoward–Married 1540Married 1540–Divorced Divorced 15411541

–Executed Executed Feb. 1542Feb. 1542

Catherine ParrCatherine Parr–Married 1543Married 1543–Survived Henry Survived Henry who died in who died in 1547.1547.

–Marries the Marries the brother of brother of Henry’s 3Henry’s 3rdrd wife, Jane.wife, Jane.

Henry’s ProgenyHenry’s Progeny Henry secured his line of succession Henry secured his line of succession

when he passed his 3when he passed his 3rdrd act of act of succession in Feb. 1544 which succession in Feb. 1544 which named Edward first in the line and named Edward first in the line and also included Mary and Elizabeth.also included Mary and Elizabeth.

Edward VIEdward VI

Born October 12, Born October 12, 15371537

Crowned king at Crowned king at the age of 9the age of 9

Died most likely of Died most likely of “consumption” on “consumption” on July 6, 1553 at the July 6, 1553 at the age of 15.age of 15.

Mary IMary I Born Feb. 1516Born Feb. 1516 Deposed her Protestant Deposed her Protestant

cousin Lady Jane Grey cousin Lady Jane Grey after her brother’s death after her brother’s death and claimed the throne.and claimed the throne.

Married cousin Phillip of Married cousin Phillip of Spain in 1554.Spain in 1554.

Died Nov. 1558, possibly Died Nov. 1558, possibly from ovarian cysts or from ovarian cysts or uterine cancer.uterine cancer.

Elizabeth IElizabeth I Born Sept. 7, Born Sept. 7,

15331533 Became queen Became queen

Nov. 17, 1558 at Nov. 17, 1558 at age of 25age of 25

A.K.A Gloriana, A.K.A Gloriana, the Virgin Queen, the Virgin Queen, Good Queen Good Queen Bess, the Faerie Bess, the Faerie Queen,the Great.Queen,the Great.

Never marriedNever married

Died March 24, 1603 (likely bronchial Died March 24, 1603 (likely bronchial infection, organ failure or poisoning)infection, organ failure or poisoning)

Her 44 year reign became known as “The Her 44 year reign became known as “The Golden Age.”Golden Age.”