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DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA Phnom Penh, Cambodia
THE TWO-IN-ONE
DEMOCRATIC KAMPUCHEA GLOSSARY
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-1
INTRODUCTION
Since its inception in 1995, the Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) has been collecting documents related to the history of Democratic Kampuchea (1975-1979). To date, the Center has amassed well over 600,000 pages of documentation from this regime, including text books, correspondence, cadre notebooks, diaries, telegrams, committee minutes, reports, and photographs and films. DC-Cam's collection also includes petitions and interview transcripts from the regime's survivors, and a variety of other materials. The language the Khmer Rouge used in their communications—military, educational, propaganda, and civil administration—will likely pose challenges for both interpreters and translators because it varies greatly from standard Khmer.[1] It can be characterized in many instances as:
a.. Idiomatic. The CPK's documents contain many ambiguous terms and phrases that most people (including interpreters and legal practitioners) would find difficult to understand without an historical knowledge of Democratic Kampuchea. Examples include 'carry out shock assaults', 'smash', 'staunch revolutionary stand in terms of a clean morality of living and cleanliness in political terms', and 'consciousness illness'.
b.. Lacking in clear reference: The CPK's documents also employed many political figures of speech that are not intuitively obvious, such as: 'Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw'; and 'Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot'. Some are metaphoric, such as 'Angkar [the CPK Central Committee, but commonly understood as the Khmer Rouge] has the eyes of the pineapple' (this phrase implied that Angkar was watching people wherever they were).
c.. Maoist. The leaders of the Democratic Kampuchea adopted an extreme form of Mao's doctrines. They employed such common Communist phrases as 'dialectic materialism', but also added a distinct twist of their own. Some examples include: 'only when the requirements of cleanly sweeping away the concealed enemies boring from within are consistently grasped will it be possible to sweep them out absolutely cleanly and successively'; 'reorient ideological and organizing views and stances in time'; 'the dictatorship of proletariat of the party'; and 'strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle'.
d.. Adjective- and adverb-based. The Khmer Rouge used adjectives and adverbs heavily, and translators will be hard pressed to find their equivalents in English. For example, 'felicitously welcome the second anniversary of national independence: The super-fantastic 17th of April'; 'eliminate absolutely immaculately the ideology of individual and personal
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-2
property rights'; 'sweep cleanly away'; and 'let's congratulate super-excellently the glorious Communist Party of Kampuchea'.
e.. Administrative. The CPK organized its administrative system very differently from those used in previous regimes, and its language reflects this. Examples include such administrative terms as 'squad', 'fifty-member unit', 'mobile work brigade', 'Economic Support Unit', 'Hot Group' 'Cool Group' and 'Chewing Group'. The latter three are understood to refer to the CPK units responsible for conducting torture and extracting confessions. Such atypical language has been interpreted and understood differently by Cambodian and international scholars alike. This could pose problems for translators in terms of accuracy and the time needed to produce a correct and nuanced translation. The key to understanding the CPK's use of Khmer lies in understanding Khmer Rouge history, administration, and terminology (an intimate knowledge of Cambodian culture is important, too).
To cope with such challenges, especially as the tribunal for senior Khmer Rouge leaders draw near, DC-Cam's Tribunal Response Team has developed an English language glossary that defines the terms the Khmer Rouge used. In addition, they have developed a transliteration system that encourages consistency in translating the names of people, places, and the like.
The glossary and transliteration systems were developed after careful readings and intensive research on the CPK cadres' diaries, notebooks on political sessions or trainings, and propaganda texts, which have given us insight into the obscure meanings of the language employed by the Khmer Rouge. Finally, our experience in interviewing former lower-level CPK cadres has added greatly to our understanding of the unique terms found in a variety of CPK documents.
Before the tribunal begins, it is important that the tribunal's translators and investigation teams understand the meanings of the terms found in CPK documents. This will require that they first study the historical context of the regime, which will give them a better background in understanding how the Khmer Rouge employed their unique language. Otherwise, many important points of evidence could be missed.
Bunsou Sour, The ECCC Response Team
Documentation Center of Cambodia
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-3
[1] "Khmer Rouge" is a term coined by King Sihanouk to refer to Cambodian leftists. It has come to be associated with the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK).
SORTED BY KHMER ALPHABETICAL ORDER
k
kg Unit
kgvresnatUc Battalion
kgvresnaFM Regiment
kgBltUc Brigade
kgBlFM Division
kgGnuesnatUc Platoon
kgGnuesnaFM Company
kgT½BmanPkþIPaBcMeBaHsIhnu Sihanoukist National Army (ANS)
kgkmøaMgRbdab;GavuFbkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea’s Armed Forces
kgesdækic© Economic Support Unit
kgeyaFa Military Unit
kgQøb/ kgsV½yRtaN Militiaman
kgkarBar Defense/guard unit
kgha Fifty-member Unit
kgry Hundred-member Unit
kgQanmux Pioneer/Pioneer elements
kgsnþisux Security Unit
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-4
ksagxøÜn Refashion / Refresh / Build up oneself
kmµpl Karmic result
kmµaPi)altMbn; Regional Cadre
kat;k,al Decapitate/Behead
karBüÜresr:Um Intravenous injection
karsb,ayeday)aneFVI)abGñkdéT Sadism
karsgswknwgminGaceFIVeGaybBaðamYy
cb;enaHeT
Revenge will not bring an end to a problem
ksagkmøaMg Expand/build up forces
ksageKalCMhrsmµaCIvUbnIykmµ Build up the standpoint of comradeship
kMBg;TUk/ Ep ¬]³ EpsmuRT¦ Wharf (Ex: sea wharf)
kuMyktRmab;tamKña Do not follow in someone’s footsteps/stereotype one another
kmøaMgRsÜc Vanguard force
kmøaMgsñÚl Core forces
kargarksagkmµaPi)al Cadre-building work
kaMbitesñót Dagger
keNþóv sickle
karRbqaMgnwgGñkFøab;CYyKaMRT Counter-sponsor/former supporter
karrlUtkUn Miscarriage
karykeBaHevotecj Disembowel
karpþnÞaeTaskRmitx<s;bMput Highest level of punitive sanction
karXuMXaMg Detention, incarceration
karRbRBwtþminKb,I karRbRBwtþxilxUc Perversity
karlYcykkarN_ Eavesdropping
kan; b¤ Bak;pøak{bdivtþn_} Carry the signboard "Revolution"
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-5
karelIkdI Earthwork
karelgesIcCamYymitþPkþi Friendly rough-housing/play
kars¥b;CnbreTs Xenophobia
kgrgsøÚt Gentle subunit
kgrgkac¬sYrcemøIy¦ Cruel subunit
karsgswkRCúlhYsehtu Disproportionate revenge
kgRtCak; Cool Unit
kgekþA Hot Unit
kgLanTwk Fire Brigade / Fire Truck Unit
kargarBlkmµeFVIedaybgçM Forced labor
RkecA Jute
Rkúm Gang /group/unit
RkúmGegáóm¬sYrcemøIy¦ Chewing Unit
RkúmRbvHéd¬samKÁI¦ (Solidarity) Mutual Aid Group
kEnøg]RkidækmµRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocide Site
kþab;neya)ayRKb;RsTab;TUTaMgRbeTs Grasp hold of the political layers throughout the country
kat;sréseCIg Hamstring
karsagsg;RbB½n§eRsacRsB Irrigation construction
k,alm:asuIndwknaM Party's leading apparatus/mechanism
k,alyYnxøÜnExµr Khmer body with Vietnamese head
ksikrkNþalfñak;eRkam Lower middle-class farmer
ksikrfñak;kNþal Middle-class farmer
ksikrfñak;elI Upper class farmer
ksikrkNþalfñak;elI Upper middle-class farmer
ksikrfñak;eRkam Lower class farmer
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-6
ksikrRk Poor farmer
kudielak Monastery
kgcl½t Mobile Work Brigade
karRKb;RKgPUmiPaK|san Northeast Administration
ktþastüanum½ti Objective factors
kRmitneya)ayrbs;mhaCn Political level of the masses
kmµsiT§iniym Private Ownership
kareXasna Propaganda
kemÞcecal[sUnü Raze
kemÞcecal[exÞcm:dþsøúg Smash something to smithereens
kemÞc[eTACaepH Reduce to ashes
kEnøgksagxøÜn Reeducation camp
kayvikarRceggRcgag Wild gesture
kareFVImatuPUminivtþ Repatriation
kb,kmµ Riot
kMhwgbdivtþn_ Revolutionary wrath
EkTRmg; Revamp/reform
karyl;dwgBIbBaðaépÞkñúgbkS Knowledge about Sensitive infra-party issue
karbMEbk Segregation
karvayRbyuT§edayGavuFFunRsal Small arms fire/attack
kUdkmµ Strike
ktþaGtþenamti Subjective factors
km<úCaeRkam Lower Khmer/Khmer Krom
kmµaPi)alfñak;eRkam Subordinate/Lower rank cadre
karputBUC Race extinction
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-7
karKabsgát; Suppression
kargarsñÚl Tasks of the core units
kmøaMgeBjBlkmµmYYymuWnnak; Ten thousand strong labor force
kare)assm¥atb¤visuT§kmµelIkTIbI Third wave of purges
karRbúgRby½tñ Vigilance
karerobcMkmøaMgBlkmµ Work force organization
Rkúmkargar Work team
kmµkr-ksikr Worker and peasant
kmµviFIkargar Working agenda
kardæankargar Work site
kumarQanmux Young pioneers/boy or girl scout
karts‘UvNѳ Class struggle
kMhwgvNѳ Class wrath
karviPaKvNѳ Class analysis
ekaslüvic½y Forensic examination
karsmøab;bMputBUC Extermination
x
xilxUc¬cg;EtrYmePT¦ Lascivious
xøwmsar Content/essence
ExµrRkhm
CaBakürbs;)araMgEdlRtÚv)aneRbICaelIk
TImYyedayRBH)aTneratþmsIhnuenABak;
kNþalTsvtSqñaM60edIm,IniyaysMedA
eTAelICnkumµúynIsþExµrnigsmaCikénGgÁkar
ExµreqVgniym. BaküenHRtÚv)anyl;
Khmer Rouge A French word for Khmer Kraham or “Red Khmers,” first used by Prince Norodom Sihanouk in the mid-1960s to refer to Khmer Communists and members of other Khmer left-wing organizations. The term is understood differently depending on time period and historical view. The Documentation Center of Cambodia refers to the Khmer Rouge as those who worked to form and/or lead Democratic Kampuchea.
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-8
eXIjepSg²KñaeTAtamTsSn³Rbvtþi
sa®sþnigeBlevla.mCÄmNÐlÉksar
km<úCa)anniyaysMedAeTArkExµrRkhmfa
CaGñkEdlbegáIt nig/b¤GñkdwknaMkm<úCa
RbCaFibetyü.cMeBaHTsSn³epSgeTot
GMBIExµrRkhmsUmemIlTsSnavdþIEsVgrk
karBitelx6ExmifunaqñaM2000rbs;mCÄ
mNÐlÉksarkm<úCa.
For different views on the Khmer Rouge, see the DC-Cam publication Searching for the truth, No.6, June 2000.
ExSbICaExSEtmYy Three-in-one traitorous network
ExSmhak,t;Catid¾FM Major historical traitors to the nation
ExSk,t; Strings of traitors
ExSem Leadership link
ExSRbyuT§ Combat line
xUcnwgRKÜsareK Having sex with someone else’s spouse/adultery
kMhussIlFm’ Moral offenses/sexual offenses
ExSbNþajb¤ExSry³ Networks
xµaMgyYnelbTwkdI Territory-swallowing Yuon enemy
xµaMgbgáb;suIrUgépÞkñúg Hidden enemy burrowing from inside/Undercover enemy burrowing from within
xül;Kr Syncope
ExµrelI Upper Khmer, Khmer Leu
ExSry³sRtÚvb¤bNþajsRtÚv Enemy network/Enemy chain
K
KN³shkrN_ Cooperative chief/committee
KN³XuM Khum Chief/ Subdistrict Chief/Committee
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-9
KMrU Model
KN³cat;taMg Nomination/ Assignment Committee
KN³rdæm®nþIfµI New cabinet
KN³kmµaFikarRbFanEpñkneya)ay nig
Rbtibtþi Political and section of the presidium/politburo
mnÞIrRBhµTNÐ/KN³RKb;RKgkardæanshkN_
¬enAGtItshPaBsaFarNrdæsgÁmniym
sUevot¦
Gulag [R., acronym for glavnoe upravlenie lagery, Chief Administration of Collective Labor Camps.] The Soviet penal system and its administration.
KN³Rsuk Srok Chief/ District Chief/Committee
KN³Gcié®nþy_ Standing Committee/Permanent Committee
KN³BaNiC¢kmµrdæ State/Public Commercial Committee
KN³tMbn; Chief of a region/Regional Committee
KN³kgBl¬FM¦mCÄim Central Committee Division
KhbtI Bourgeois
RKÜsarniym Family-ism
eRKÓg\sSriyys Decorations/ Medals
eKalCMhrXøIgeXøag Volatile standpoint
eKarBTg;Cati Pledge allegiance to a flag
KN³mCÄim Central Committee
X
XøaMgRKab; Arsenal
XøaMgsmÖar Equipment warehouse
eXasna Propagandize
XuMXaMg Incarcerate/detain
XuM Subdistrict
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-10
c
ectiy Stupa
clnakumµúynisþkm<úCa Kampuchean Communist Movement
clnasmøab;bM)at;RbCaCnBBYkNamYy Pogrom
ciBa©wmkarsm¶at; Nourish secret work
caj;e)akkarlYgelam To be fooled by persuasion
cat;taMg Assign, nominate, appoint
cuHeTAvaysRmúkbgábgáInpl Go down into the fray to do productive labor/ to vehemently cultivate crops
ecaréRB Bandit
cUlCabkSCn Become a member of the party
cUlbkS Join the party
cUlbdivtþn_ Enter the revolution
cUlbdivtþn_Bak;kNþallHbg; Join the revolution without full devotion
ecarsmuRT Pirate
Rc)ac;k Strangle
cecsrwgrUsminRBmEkERb Remain intractable and resist improvement
clnapþac;xøÜn Secession movement
cRkBtþiniym Imperialism
cRmÚg Spike/ Stake
ceg¥ótcg¥l; Unsympathetic
q
qµk; Ambush
C
CMgWRbkaMg Migraine
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-11
CMgWRbRKiv Gout
CMgWruaMér: Chronic disease
CMgWRtGk Eczema
CMgWs<wk Beriberi
CMgWRKúnjak; Fever
CMgWrlakTgsYt Bronchitis
CMgWehImRKelonb¤kUnkNþúr Bubo (open sore as a result of the plague)
CMgWxan;søak; Diphtheria
CMgWBkk Goiter
CMgWk¥kman; Whooping cough
CMgWFøak;Qam Hemorrhage
CMgWFøak;s Viginal discharge
CMgWkøn Hernia
CMgWrlakRkBH Gestitis
CMgWenamTas; Anuria (urinary failure)
CMgWrlakbMBg;k Tonsillitis
CMgWERsg Ringworm
CMgWsnøak;édeCIg Rheumatism
CMgWk®Ba¢wl Measles
CMgWxan;elOg Jaundice
CMgWedkminlk; Insomnia
CMgWRKúnpþasayFM Influenza
CMgWdac;srésQamkñúgxYrk,al Stroke
CMgWexSayebHdUg Heart attack
CMgWTwkenamEp¥m Diabetes
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-12
CMgWerIm Shingles/Herpes
CMgWraKrUs Diarrhea
CMgWsøab;Gv³yv³ Palsy
CMgWb£sdUg)at Hemorrhoids
CMgWRbemH Gonorrhea
CMgWTl;lamk Constipation
CMgWraKmYl Dysentery
CMgWhWt Asthma
RCmuCTwk[fb;degðIm Immerse
CyPNÐ Loot/ spoils of war
CIkesµARtÚvCIkTaMgb£s To dig up grass, one must dig up the roots
eCIgfµI¬KµanbTBiesaFn_¦ Tenderfoot/novice
eCIgcas; Old-timer/veteran
CMhrrwgbuwgxagsIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M nig
s¥ats¥Mxagneya)ay Staunch revolutionary stand in terms of a clean morality of living and cleanliness in political term
CMhrbdivtþn_rwgbuwgxagvNѳPaB Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of Class/background
CIvTsSn³bdivtþn_ Revolutionary outlook on life
CYy[GñkNamñak;putBIesckþIsøab; Snatch sb from the jaws of death
CnrYmCati Compatriot
CMgWstiGarmµN_ Consciousness illness
eCOlg;eTAelIGVImYyb¤GñkNamñak; Fall in with sth/sb
CBa¢aMgmanRtecok Wall with ears
CnvatTIniym Expansionist
CBa¢k;ykplRbeyaCn_b¤ekgRbv½Ba© Exploit
CemøaHRbdab;GavuF Armed conflict
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-13
CRmúHecalstiGarmµN_xµaMg Get rid of the enemy’s consciousness
CMhr´eK Stance of lackeydom
CMhrÉkraCüm©as;karnigRKb;RKgelIvasna
RbeTsCatiedayxøÜnÉg Stance of mastery, self-reliance and managing the destiny of one's country
CMhrÉkraCü Stance of independence
CRmúHecalCMhrminbdivtþn_ Get rid of non-revolutionary behavior
CRgúk Granary
CncRkBtþi b¤BYkcRkBtþi Imperialist
CnbHe)ar Insurgent
CneqVgniym Leftist
CnGBüaRkwt Neutralist
CMenOrbs;BYkRbtikiriya Reactionary faith
eRCIserIsT½B Recruit soldier
CMrM Sanctuary
CIvTsSn_ Self-criticism
RClk;exaGavnwgmak;ekøÓb¤BN’exµA Dye clothes
C½yCmñH Triumph
CnCatiPaKticenAtMbn;x<g;rab Upland minorities
Q
QamsgedayQam Blood avenges blood
QrelICMhrdac;xatkñúgkare)assm¥at
smasPaBRbqaMgnwgbdivtþn_ Have an absolute standpoint about purging counter-revolutionary elements
QøbykkarN_ Reconnoiter/spy
QµÜjkNþal Middle man/ Broker
QWcab;cMeBaHxµaMg Be seized with anger against the enemy
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-14
eQøIyswk Prisoner of war
d
dMNak;kalfµIénbdivtþn_sgÁmniym New phase of socialist revolution
EdlKYr[s¥b; Despicable/contemptible
Edlmanneya)ays¥ats¥M Politically clean
dIGacdaMdMNaM)anBIrRbePT Two-crop land
dkhUtGavuF Disarmed
edIrehIresrI Move freely
edImmn Mulberry
dac;xat Absolute
dwgxøÜnvij¬eRkayBIsnøb;¦ Come to
dut[exøacerac[eqA Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw/to sidetrack/to detract
dak;GnÞak; Lure
EdkRsÜy Pig iron
Edlsahav¬edaysarkarGs;sgÇwm¦ Desperate
edaHRsayTMnas; Resolve contradiction
z
zananuRkm Hierarchy
t
tulakarRbCaCnbdivtþn_ People's Revolutionary Tribunal (PRT)
tUcsuIedaytUc FMsuIedayFM Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot
RtÜtRtaniym Control-ism
tMbn;BYkk,alrwg Hard line area
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-15
tamdanRbvtþirUb Follow-up biography
tamdanb¤tamXøaMemIl Keep track of / To trace/keep tabs on
tMNagra®sþninñakarRkhm People representative of a communist tendency
tMbn;niym Regional importance/regionalism
tMbn;RTnab; Buffer Zone
tamkemÞc Search and destroy
ts‘Unwgkargar Struggle in work/work hard
ts‘UluHdl;degðImcugeRkay Struggle to the death / struggle until the last minute
tMbn;EdlTTYlrgkarvayRbhar Affected area
tMbn;Rbtibtþikarswkrg War operation sub-region
TmiL Tamil
TmiL\tsasna Athostic Tamil
dMEb b¤emdMEb Yeast
f
fñaMedklk; Sleeping pill
fñaMbBa©úH Laxative
fñaMseRmIb Aphrodisiac
fñaMbnSab Antidote
fñaMsnøb; Anesthetic
fñaMGacm_TnSay Rabbit-dropping medicine
T
kgT½BRsYcRbqaMgnwgevotNam Anti Vietnamese Front
TmiL Non-believer/aetheist
T½BsñÚlrbs;bkS Core party troop
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-16
TistRmg;kargar Direction to rectify work / direction of work rectification
TaMghVÚg² En masse
T®nÞan Encroach on
T½BesrIka Free Khmer Forces
T½BéRB Guerrilla
T½BefµIeCIg Infantry
TisedABlkmµ Labor target
TsSn³neya)ay Political view
TItaMgkb;saksB Grave site
Tisvivtþn_ The direction of evolution
TMnas; Contradiction
TMnas;bdibkç Antagonistic contradiction
TMnas;søab;rs; Life-and-death contradiction
TaruNkmµ Torment / Torture
TaruNkmµcgeCIgBüÜreLIgelIk,alcuHeRkam Hanging upside down
TaruNkmµeFVI[fb;degðImedayfg;)øasÞik Suffocation with plastic bag
TaruNkmµbnþk;TwkelIf¶as Drops of water onto forehead
TaruNkmµdkRkckéd Having fingernails pulled out
TaruNkmµykm¢úlcak;sac; Being jabbed with a needle
TaruNkmµsMBHrUbstVEqá Paying homage to image(s) of dogs
TaruNkmµdutePøIg)arI Cigarette burns
TaruNkmµbgçM[suIGacm_ Forced to eat excrement
TaruNkmµbgçM[pwkTwkenam Forced to drink urine
LandwkTwk Water tank/truck
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-17
F
FUrlugkñúgkareFVIGVImYy Lax in doing something
Fmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline
eFVIneya)ay Do politics
eFVICaKMrUl¥dl;GñkNamñak; Act as a good model for someone
eFVI[sUnüb¤smøab;bMputBUC Exterminate
eFVIBut Feign / pretend
eFVIButQW¬x¢ileFVIkargar¦ Malinger
eFVIkuM[eXIjdan Obliterate
eFVI[Tas;citþ Offend
Fatuksikr Peasant element/nature
FmµyaRta Pilgrimage
FatuQanmux Pioneer nature / Pioneer elements
FatuGFn Proletarian nature / proletarian element
eFVImatuPUminivtþn_ Repatriate
n
neya)aytwgrwgeXareXA Draconian policy
n½yGnuvtþCak;EsþgxagRbúgRby½tñbdivtþn_KW
kþab;GgÁPaBeyIg[Cab; Concretely operationalizing revolutionary vigilance means having a firm grip on our units of organization.
neya)aycat;taMg Assignment policy
nayTun Capitalist
naykg Chief of a unit
nayxuTÞkal½y Chief of the cabinet
nayRkúmcat;taMgeRkARbeTs Chief of the foreign affairs service
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-18
nireTsCnb¤GñkCemøós Deportee
niyaybeBaäóg Mince
nayTIcat;karbreTsrg Deputy chief of the foreign affairs directorate
neya)aydac;xatniymb¤RCúlniym Extremist policy
niyayLb;ELbEgVgdanmþgenHmþgenaH Evade up and down
nayTahanrg Non-commissioned officer/Military deputy
nayrg Foreman / deputy
nayTahan Military officer / Commander
neya)aypþac;mux Political monopoly/monopolized policy/politics
nayTahankñúgskmµPaB Officer on active duty
nayeTa Corporal
naytRmÜt Police officer / Guard
namuWnniym Rankism
narIeBTü Female medic / Female medical worker
ninñakarRkhm Red tendency / red trend / communist inclination
TahanbRmug Reserve officer
niyaybgáTMnas; Speak to stir up contradictions
ninñakarGb;rMCaExSsgVak; Systematic education plan
naMpøÚv Take the lead
namEkøgkøayb¤rhsSnam Pseudonym
ninñakar Tendency
b
)aj;rH¬BIelIynþehaH¦ Strafe
bg¥ak; b¤raraMg Stymie/obstruct
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-19
bkSBlkrevotNam Vietnamese Worker Party (VWP)
bkSkumµnisþ\NÐÚcin Indochina Communist Party (ICP)
bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK)
bkSkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK)
bkSRbCaCnbdivtþkm<úCa Khmer/Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
)at;bg;smaCik2-3rynak;minesµInwg
)at;bg;kmµaPi)aldwknaM2-3nak;pg
There can be no comparison between losing two or three leading cadre and 200-300 members. Rather the latter than the former.
bMpus Agitate / Stir up
briFan b¤]bkrN_ Apparatus
bnÞayTahan Barracks
bgfñak;elI b¤bgFM Upper brothers
bYsCasameN Become a novice monk
bBa¢IEs,kexµA Blackboard of honor
bisacCBa¢k;Qam Blood sucker
bkçCneRtóm Candidate party member(s)
bgb¥Únksikr-kmµkr Brother/Sister peasant-worker
bTQb;)aj; Cease fire
RbmUlekoreTATaMghVÚg² Herd
bNþajk,t; b¤ExSsgVak;k,t; Chain of bad elements / traitorous network
RbFanRsuk b¤KN³Rsuk Chief of a district
RbCuMsmUhPaB Communal / collective meeting
bNþajGnuelxabnþbnÞab;CaeRcInnak; Consecutive deputy secretaries
braC½yniym Defeatism
RbCaPifuti Demagogy
RbCaFibetyüRbmUlpþMú Democratic centralism
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-20
RbCuMriHKn;Tieton Denunciation
bdic©smub,aT• Dialectical materialism
bgÁI Earth moving bucket
bUBa’ East
ebskCn Emissaries / envoys
bþÚpþac;søab;rs;CamYynwgRbCaCnRkIRk Absolutely determined to be with the poor in life and death
bMpusbMpulmhaCn Encourage the involvement of the masses
bBa¢IeQµaHEdlRtÚvsmøab; Execution list
RbB½n§skþiPUmi Feudal system
bkçCneBjsiT§i Full rights party member(s)
bkçCndac;xat Hard core party member
bMNulmenaKmviC¢a Ideological debt
bBa¢aesñIsuM Indenture
RbB½n§d¾saMjaúM Intricate System / Complicated System
RbCuMCRmHkþI Justice meeting
bkSBlkr Labor party
brivar b¤´kBa¢Hdac;éfø Lackey
bENþtbeNþayniym Lax-ism
RbCuMCIvPaB Lifestyle meeting / Livelihood meeting
bUCnIydæan Memorial site
bdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü National Democratic Revolution
bBaðasB¢aati Nationalities issues
bTdæan Norm
bkçBYk Partisan / clique
bkçCn Party member(s)
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-21
bdivtþn_vNѳksikr Peasant revolution
bnSúT§kmµ Purification
bukeBat Pound corn
bkçBYkniym Privatism
briFanvisuT§kmµ Purge apparatus
Rbtikiriya Reactionary
bBaØvnþRkhm b¤bBaØvnþkumµúynisþ Red intellectual / Communist intellectual
bHe)ar Revolt
bMEbk Segregate
bBa¢ÚneTAfñak;elI Send up to the higher level / send to be observed by the higher rank
bMBak;bMb:nsµartI Spiritual indoctrination
bBa©ÚlbkS Sponsor/bring someone to join the party
RbFanRkúm Team chief
bgáb;épÞkñúg Underground
bEg¥mC½yCmñH Sweet victory
bs©im West
)atukmµ Demonstration
e)assm¥at Sweep up/Sweep cleanly away
)aj;epøag Shell
p
pþac;karvNѳ Class dictatorship
pSwkRBHsgÇ Disrobe / Force to leave the monkshood / Defrock Buddhist monks
B
BaküeRbIsRmab;sRmaln½yEdlminKYrsm Euphemism
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-22
BRgwgCMhrkMhwgvNѳdac;xatnigekþAKKuk Strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle
BRgayT½B Deploy troops
eBCÄXat Executioner
BinitüsaksB Exhume
BUCsasn_)at;bg; Fallen race
eBjsiT§i Full rights
BnøWbdivtþn_RbimRbiy Glorious light of revolution
BYkk,alrwg Hard-liner
BiFIbBa©ÚlbkS Initiation ceremony for new party member
BYksñÚlExµrRkhm Khmer Rouge cored men/ Khmer Rouge spy
BYkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Malingerer
Bl)aleTa Master sergeant
eBTüTahan Medic
eBTü17emsa 17 April Hospital
eBTü Medical staff/medical practitioner
BlÉk Private
BlTahansamBaØa Rank and file soldier
BYkesIerI Revisionist
Bl)al Sergeant
Bl)alRtI Sergeant or second class sergeant
RBlwmrs;)anmYyyb;RBlb;rs;)anmYyéf¶ By dawn I have survived for a night; by sunset I have survived for a day
Bl)alÉk b¤RBwnÞ)alÉk Sergeant-major
P
PaBqab;eCO Gullibility
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-23
PaBKµanemtþa b¤GarmµN_ Callousness
ePT ¬ehtuePT¦ Likeliness
P½sþúPar Logistics
m
minGacEkERbekIt ¬EkElgeLIg¦ Irredeemable
embBa¢karkgvresnatUc Battalion commander
mCÄimbkS Central party
mUlFnkuMR)ad½r Comprador Capitalist
mnsikar Conscience
mUlbgáac; Contort
mNÐl]Rkidækmµ Crime site
mnÞIryuT§CnBikar Department of disabled soldiers
mnÞIr Department / Office
mitþrYmGavuF Comrades-in-arms
embBa¢karkgBl¬FM¦ Division commander
manbBaðaBak;B½n§sIlFm’ Be mixed up in problems of morality
mins¥ats¥M Sloppy
muxmat;niym Dogmatism
mnusSEdlTTYlfµ)ak;/sVasuI)ayrYclab
mat;BEB
Scapegoat
mnusSsßitenAeRkamGNaBüa)alnigbBa¢arbs;eK Protégé
mnusSkEgáb Frog-man
mhaelatepøaH Great Leap Forward
minsUvRbwg b¤x¢ileFVIkar Slack off/Slack up
minTan;eBjsiT§i Half full/candidate reserved
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-24
mankMhwgQWcab;y:agxøaMgcMeBaHGñkmannig
GñkTIRkug Have a great deal of anger toward the rich and urban dwellers
man)atuPaBbMpusfamanxøa Somebody was whipping up the fear/spreading that there are tigers
manFatucat;taMgx<s;bMput Have the nature of the highest organization
maKa’m:akS-elnIn Marx-Leninist line
maKa’neya)ayRtwmRtUv Right political line
mtiksagBIsmUhPaB Lessons learned from the commune/collective
maKa’ Line
maKa’bdivtþn_d¾PøWsVag Line of bright revolution
maKa’mhaCn Mass line
mNÐldusxat;sµartI Nerve center
maKa’rbs;bkS Party line
maKa’dwknaMRtwmRtÚv Perfect leadership line
maKa’GgÁkar Organization line
maKa’neya)ay Political line
mNÐlksagxøÜn Purge/Re-education Center
mUlvivdþi Radical
maKa’yuT§sa®sþsgÁm Social strategic line
muxRBÜj Spearhead
maKa’yuT§sa®sþ Strategic line
mNÐlRbtibtþikarswkrg Sub-military Operation Center
mhaelatepøaH mhaGs©arü Super Great Leap Forward
muxRBÜj Spearhead/target
muxsBaØa Target
mins¥ats¥M Unclean
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-25
emXatkr Chief killer
emedaH Wet nurse
emaTnPaBniym Vanity
y
yuT§samKÁIPaB Militant Solidarity
ynþyuT§ Military engine
yuvCnExµrkat;cin Sino-Khmer youth
ykkarN_ Spy out a secret
yuvnarI b¤narIkgcl½t Young women in a mobile work brigade
r
rdæaPi)albdivtþbeNþaHGasnñevotNamxagt,Úg Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam
rdæaPi)alcRmúHkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK)
raCrdæaPi)alrYbrYmCatikm<úCa Royal Government of National Union of Cambodia (RGNUC)
rNsirSrYbrYmCatiExµr\sSr³ United Issarak (Freedom) Front (UIF)
rNsirSrYbrYmCatikm<úCa National United Front of Kampuchea (NUFK)
rNsirSrMedaHRbCaBlrdæExµr Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF)
rNsirSsamKÁIse®gÁaHCatikm<úCa United Front for the National Salvation of Kampuchea (UFNSK)
rt;ecalkarRbyuT§ Shirk combat
erag)ayrYm Communal eating hall
erag)ay Dining hall, Communal dining hall
raMgrdUv Fail to menstruate
raraMg Prevent
eraKqáÜt ¬RCúlhYsehtu/ Kµanehtupl¦ Paranoia
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-26
eraKs<wk Gaseous illness
raMgsÞHkarpSBVpSayvb,Fm’tamrlkFatuGakas Jam the cultural airwaves
eronsURtbec©keTsviTüasa®sþ Learn scientific and technical lessons
reNþAsaksBVrYm Mass grave
rdUv®sþI Menstruate
eronsURtneya)ay Political learning
rUbftRtwmk Mug
rUbftEdlfteday\t)anerobcMxøÜn Snapshot
raykarN_ Report
eronsURtviC¢abdivtþn_ Study revolutionary concepts
l
lt;dMksagxøÜn Temper and build oneself
lbcUlkñúgPUmilYcmðÚbGahar Sneak into a village to steal food
lb;bM)at;kmµsiT§iÉkCn Abolish private ownership
lagkEm¥lcas; b¤ dusxat;sµartI Brainwashing
lT§plénGMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocidal outcome
lixitecaTRbkan; Indict script/ indictment
elxaeyaFa Military secretary
l,at Patrol
elxaKN³kgBlmCÄim Secretary of Central Committee Division
elIkkm<s;KuNPaBdwknaMEfmeTot Further raise the leadership quality
elIkkm<s;sµartIRbúgRby½tñbdivtþn_ Heighten the spirit of revolutionary vigilance
lHbg;GVI²RKb;Ebby:ageday\tlkçxNÐ Unconditionally make every kind of sacrifice
El,gsUnü Zero-sum game
v
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-27
vresnIy_Ék b¤s½kþi5 Colonel
vatTIniym Expansionism
vNѳPaB Class status
vNѳskþiPUmi Feudal class/ Feudal system
vrCn Hero/ Elite
visuT§kmµkñúgbkS Infra-party purge
vis½yneya)ayépÞkñúg Internal political field
vin½ytwgruwg Iron discipline
vays®gÁb; Pounce upon
valBiXat Killing fields
vaysRmúkseRmc[)an3etannig6etan
kñúg1hikta
Carry out a shock assault resolutely to make the 3 ton and 6 ton breakthrough
vresnIy_eTa b¤s½kþi4knøH Lieutenant Colonel
vresnIy_RtI b¤s½kþi4 Major
evn)ay Meal shifts
vKÁsikSaneya)ay Political education session
vNѳGFn Proletarian
vieyaKkmµKµanPaBCak;lak; Quasi-segregationist
vayqµk; b¤qµk;cUlluk Raid/ ambush
vHeBaH Slice open someone's stomach
vaysRmúkeFVIERs Storm attack to farm paddy ( Farm intensively )
evnyam10éf¶ Ten-day guard shifts
s
sBaØab½Rtfñak;Ék 1st class certificate/ diploma
sBaØab½Rtfñak;eTa 2nd class certificate/ diploma
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-28
sBaØab½Rtfñak;RtI 3rd class certificate/ diploma
sBaØab½RtFmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline certificate/diploma
smøab;edaybiTbMBg;dkdegðIm Suffocate
smøab;edayqk;ExSePøIg Electrocute
s®gÁamRbCaCn People's War
smaCikbegÁal Backbone member
s½kþi3 b¤GnuesnIy_Ék Captain
saFarNrdæRbCamanitkm<úCa People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK)
esnabtI Chief of the army/ Supreme commander of the army
smUhPavUbnIykmµ Collectivization
s½kþi5 b¤vresnIy_Ék Colonel
sgswk Seek vengeance
s®gÁamcitþsa®sþ Psywar/War of nerves
es>GuI>Ga Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
esnaCn Militiamen
smUhPaB Communal/ Collective
smaKm Community/association
sPatMNagRbCaCn People's Representative Assembly
smasPaB Composition/ Component
smmitþelxa Comrade Secretary
shkrN_ Cooperative
shB½n§\NÐÚcin Indochina Federation
smaCiksñÚl Core member
skmµPaBRbqaMgbdivtþn_ Counter-revolutionary activity
salaRsúk District office
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-29
salaGb;rM Education hall
sµartIsnSMsMécrbs;vNѳksikr Economical spirit of the peasant
skþiPUminiym Feudalism
s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa First Lieutenant
esrIniym Freedomism/liberalism
smrPUmimux Front line/battlefield
suImYyEq¥ttamcitþcg; Eat to one's heart content
sIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M Good moral lifestyle
sRtÚvsYrBUC Hereditary enemy
shkrN_fñak;elI High-level cooperative
s½kþiFr High official
sRtÚvRbvtþisa®sþ Historic enemy
stiGarmµN_sYntY Individual consciousness
sRmÜcKMnitGFn[mutRsÜcbMput Sharpen the ideology of the proletariat so that it is most cutting and powerful
smaKmnisiStExµr Khmer Student Association
smøab;bMputBUC Cut off entire familial line/exterminate
smøab;minerIsmux Kill someone without discrimination
®sþICnCatikULa Kola woman
sRtÚvsuIsac;hutQam Flesh-and-blood opponent
sRtÚvsøab;rs; Life and death enemy
RsUvF¶n; Slow ripening rice/long-term rice
sresrerobrab;skmµPaBk,t;CaExSsgVak;
BIedImrhUtdl;cb; Write a systematic account of someone's treasonous activities from beginning to end.
Rslaj;smUhPaB Love the collective
shkrN_fñak;eRkam Low-level cooperative
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-30
s½kþi4 b¤vresnIy_RtI Major
s½kþi4knøH b¤vresnIy_eTa Lieutenant colonel
smøab;rgÁal Massacre
snþikarmÖ Mature in consciousness
stiGarmµN_snþiniym Middle-of-the road consciousness
shkrN_KMrU Model cooperative
RsukKMrU Model district
smasPaBminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary component/ element/ non-revolutionary background
snøb;)at;sµartI Pass out
snþiPaBniym Pacifism
smaCikeRtomcUlbkS Party candidate
sNþab;Fñab;sgÁm Social Order
snþism<½n§ Peace alliance
snþiPavUbnIykmµ Peacization/pacifization
sñgkardæan Police station/ Police commissioner’s office
sñgkar Police superintendent/ commissioner
EsñgeRbIs Deer antler
sñÚkGeNþIk Turtoise shell
mnusSsøab;mYycMehogxøÜn A man paralysed on one side
salaextþ Provincial office
RsUvRsal Quick ripening rice/ short-term rice
stiGarmµN_bdivtþ Revolutionary consciousness
sµartIts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary resistance consciousness
sþaMniym Rightist
Es,keCIgkg;Lan Rubber-sole sandal/car-tyre sandal
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-31
snþi)al Santebal (The CPK state security organization)
sRmitsRmaMgT½B Screen army/ Single out army
s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa First lieutenant
sV½ym©as;kar b¤sV½yRbtibtþi Self-mastery/implementation
s½kþiR)ak; Silver bands
sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü
eTAmux sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_sgÁmniymeTA
eRkay. munhUbGgáretA \LÚvhUbGgár
kMb:ug.
When we transplanted (paddy) during the national democratic revolution there was progress, but when we transplant in the socialist revolution, we retrogress. Before we ate rice by the bushel, now we eat rice by the can.
sÞÚgRsUvbt;Kl; Transplant the rice with its root sticking up in the air
søab;munGayu Die untimely
sgÁmkic© Social affairs
samKÁIPaB Solidarity
samKÁICati National solidarity
esnaFikar Staff ( e.g., Eastern Zone Staff )
sþalInniym Stalinism
smrPUmieRkay Supporting base/ home front/ rear
shCIB Trade union
shkrN_PUmi Village cooperative
s½kþi1 b¤GnuesnIy_RtI Second lieutenant
RsUvRbedjTwk Water chasing rice/Floating rice
suqnÞ³ Willingness/good will
sm<½n§yuvCn Youth League
ERskyMTaMgkþIQWcab; Cry in pain
sm<½n§yuvkkb¤sm<½n§yuvCnkumµúynisþkm<úCa Yuvakak League/Kampuchean Communist Youth League
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-32
h
hUb)ayrYm Collective eating
L
LandwkTwk Water tank
G
GñkTTYlsÁal; Acknowledger
GgÁkar
CaGgÁkardwknaM. dUcEdl)anBnül;eday
ExµrRkhm {karENnaMsþIBIkareRbIR)as;
BaküGgÁkarnigbkS}Edlecjeday
KN³kmµaFikar870EdlCaKN³kmµaFikar
mCÄwmbkScuHéf¶TI 11 Exkkáda 1977
EdlcuHhtßelxaedayexov ¬sun esn¦
enAéf¶TI 24 Exkkáda qñaM1977
¬Éksaelx 1266ts¦
1>GgÁkarnigbkSsMedAEteTAelIGgÁkardwk
naMb:ueNÑaH minsMedAeTArkbuKÁleT.cMeBaH
rUbvnþbuKÁleKeRbI{smmitþnigeQµaH} b¤
eRbI{smmitþnigdMENg} b¤smmitþtMNag
GgÁkarenAfñak;enHb¤fñak;enaH. ]TahrN_³
smmitþetgsmmitþelxa smmitþtMNag
PUmiPaK>>>.
Angkar Leadership organization. As explained by the Khmer Rouge, “Guidelines on the use of words Angkar and Party,” issued by committee 870, the central party committee, dated July 11, 1977, signed by Khieu (Son Sen), dated July 24, 1977. “(Doc. 1266 TS),” 1. Angkar or Party refers only to leadership
organization , not to individuals. For individuals, use comrade and name, or comrade and position, or comrade representing Angkar at this level or that level. Example: Comrade Teng, Comrade Secretary, Comrade Representing [the] Zone….”
GgÁkarnarIkumµúynisþ Communist Women's Organization
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-33
GgÁkarEPñkmñas; Angkar with the eyes of the pineapple
GMNacniym Authoritarianism
BYkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Malingerer
Gñkkan;GMNacpþac;kar Authoritarian / Despot
GñkemIlekµg Baby-sitter
GñkcmøgÉksar Copyist
GñksegçbÉksar Summarizer
Gñkcab;cg Captor
GñkmUldæan Base people
GñkeRtóm Candidate
GnuesnIy_Ék b¤s½kþi3 Captain
GñkcarBnül; b¤viPaKÉksar Annotator
GgÁPaBmCÄim Central Unit
Gñktv:aRbqaMgCnCaticin Anti-Chinese Protestant
GKÁsñgkar Commissioner general
GKÁesnaFikar General staff
GtßiPaBrbs;bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa CPK’s existence
GMeBIBalaGavaEs Debauchery
GñkmUldæancas; Deposit base people
GnuKN³kmµaFikarTTYlbnÞúkneya)ay Deputy political commissioner
GgÁPaBfñak;Rsuk District-level unit
GñkeFVIÉksar b¤RkúmÉksar Documentarians/ Documentation group
GñksmPaBniym Egalitarian
GUsTaj Entice/ instigate/lure
GñkCemøósmkBITIRkúg Evacuated city dweller
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-34
GñkCemøós Evacuee
GNikCn Foreign residents
GñkeBjsiT§i Full rights people
GñkykkarN_rbs;rdæaPi)al Government informer
GnuesnanI Company grad officer (captain)
GnutþrPaBniym Hegemonism
GnutþrPaBvatTIniym Hegemonism and Expansionism
GnutþrPaB Hegemony
GnuFnfñak;elI High-class bourgeois
Gnuvtþ Implement
Gñk[karN_ b¤GñkniyayerOgr:avR)ab; Informant
GñknaMcUl Introducer
GMBavnav Invoked/ appeal
GgÁkarclnaceRmInnigBlkr Progressive and Labor Organization
GñkGb;rMmUldæan Local educator
GñksuIQñÜlQøanBan Mercenary aggressor
GñkfµI New people
Gakb,kiriyaminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary behavior
GgÁkarvin½y Organizational discipline
GñkesñhaCati Patriotic
GnuFn Petty bourgeoisie
GñkKaMRTExµrRkhm Pro Khmer Rouge individuals
GñkEdlRtÚvlt;dM Probationer
GFn Proletariat
GñkCMBak;CMBinneya)ayCamYyxµaMg Person who owes some sort of political debt to the enemy/who is politically related to
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-35
enemy GñkerIseGIg b¤Rbkan;BUCsasn_ Racist
Gñkts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary struggler
Gnuneya)ay Sub-politic
GñkRkkRmGYtmanEtGñkqáÜtGYtKµanxµas; The good rarely boast, only the insane boast without shame
GgÁkarsuIsac; kmµkrsuIq¥wg The organization eats meat while the workers eat the bone
Gnuelxa Under secretary
GgÁPaB Unit
GgÁkarlatsn§wg Wide open organization
GgÁPaBtMbn; Regional unit
]
]tþmnavI Admiral
]tþmnavIRtI Rear Admiral
]tþmnavIeTa Vice Admiral
]tþmnavInayk Commodore (Navy captain)
]tþmnavIÉk Fleet Admiral
]tþmesnIy_RtI b¤páay1 Brigadier General
]tþmesnIy_putelx b¤esnaRbmux
b¤páay4b¤nay]tþmesnIy_
General of the army/ Field Marshal
]tþmsñgkar High commissioner
]tþmesnIy_nayk Lieutenant General
]tþmesnIy_eTa b¤páay2 Major general
]bkrN_kMNt;kUGredaenPUmisa®sþ GPS (Global Positioning System)
]bkrN_RCmuCTwk Scuba equipment
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-36
SORTED BY ENGLISH ALPHABETICAL ORDER
1st class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;Ék A man paralyzed on one side mnusSsøab;mYycMehogxøÜn
Abolish private ownership lubbM)at;kmµsiT§iÉkCn Absolute dac;xat Absolutely determined to be with the poor people in life and death
bþÚpþac;søab;rs;CamYynwgRbCaCnRkIRk Acknowledger GñkTTYlsÁal; Act as a good model for someone eFVICaKMrUl¥dl;GñkNamñak; Admiral ]tþmnavI Agitate / Stir up bMpus Affected area tMbn;EdlTTYlrgkarvayRbhar Ambush qµk; Anesthetic fñaMsnøb; Antidote fñaMbnSab Angkar Leadership organization. As explained by the Khmer Rouge, “Guidelines on the use of words Angkar and Party,” issued by commitee 870, the central party committee, dated July 11, 1977, signed by Khieu (Son Sen), dated July 24, 1977. “(Doc. 1266 TS),” 2. Angkar or Party refers only to
leadership organization , not to individuals.
For individuals, use comrade and name, or comrade and position, or comrade representing Angkar at this level or that level. Example: Comrade Teng, Comrade Secretary, Comrade Representing [the] Zone.....”
GgÁkar
CaGgÁkardwknaM. dUcEdl)anBnül;eday
ExµrRkhm{karENnaMsþIBIkareRbIR)as;Bakü
GgÁkarnigbkS}EdlecjedayKN³kmµaFikar
870EdlCaKN³kmµaFikar mCÄwmbkScuHéf¶TI
11Exkkáda1977 EdlcuHhtßelxa eday
exov ¬sun esn¦ enAéf¶TI 24 Exkkáda
qñaM1977 ¬Éksaelx 1266ts¦
1>GgÁkarnigbkSsMedAEteTAelIGgÁkardwknaM
b:ueNÑaH minsMedAeTArkbuKÁleT. cMeBaHrUbvnþ
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-37
buKÁleKeRbI{smmitþnigeQµaH}b¤eRbI{smmitþ
nigdMENg}b¤smmitþtMNagGgÁkarenAfñak;enH
b¤fñak;enaH. ]TahrN_³smmitþetgsmmitþ
elxasmmitþtMNagPUmiPaK>>>.
Angkar with the eyes of the pineapple GgÁkarEPñkmñas; Annotator GñkcarBnül; b¤GñkviPaK Antagonistic contradiction TMnas;bdibkç Anti-Chinese Protestant Gñktv:aCnCaticin Anti-Vietnamese Front T½BRsYcRbqaMgnwgevotNam Anuria (urinary failure) CMgWenamTas; Aphrodisiac fñaMseRmIb Apparatus briFan b¤]bkrN_ Armed conflict CemøaHRbdab;GavuF Arsenal XøaMgRKab; Assignment policy neya)aycat;taMg Assignment, nomination, appointment cat;taMg Asthma CMgWhWt Authoritarian / Despot Gñkkan;GMNacpþac;kar
Authoritarianism GMNacniym Baby-sitter GñkemIlekµg Backbone member smaCikbegÁal Bandit ecaréRB Barracks bnÞayTahan Base people GñkmUldæan
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-38
Battalion kgvresnatUc Battalion commander embBa¢akarkgvresnatUc Be mixed up in problems of morality manbBaðaTak;TgsIlFm’ Be politically clean Edlmanneya)ays¥ats¥M Be seized with anger against the enemy QWcab;cMeBaHxµaMg Become a member of the party cUlCabkçCn Become a novice monk bYsCasameN Being jabbed with a needle TaruNkmµykm¢úlcak;sac;
Beriberi CMgWs<wk Major historical traitors to the nation ExSmhak,t;Catid¾FM Blackboard of honor bBa¢IEs,kexµA Blood avenges blood QamsgedayQam Blood sucker bisacCBa¢k;Qam Bourgeois KhbtI Brainwashing lagkEm¥lcas; b¤dusxat;sµartI Brigade kgBltUc Brigadier General ]tþmesnIy_RtI Bronchitis CMgWrlakTgsYt Brother/Sister peasant-worker bgb¥Únkmµkr-ksikr Bubo (open sore as a result of the plague) CMgWehIbRKelonb¤kUnkNþúr Buffer Zone tMbn;RTnab; Build up the standpoint of comradeship ksageKalCMhrkmµaCIvUbnIykmµ Burn the outside to a crisp, but pull it out while the inside is still raw/to sidetrack/to detract
dut[exøacerac[eqA
By dawn I have survived for a night; by sunset I have survived for a day
RBlwmrs;)anmYyyb; RBlb;rs;)anmYYyéf¶
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-39
Callousness PaBKµanemtþa b¤GarmµN_
Candidate GñkeRtom Candidate party member(s) bkçCneRtom Capitalist nayTun Captain s½kþi3 b¤GnuesnIy_Ék Captor Gñkcab;cg Cadre-building work kargarksagkmµaPi)al Carry the signboard "Revolution" kan; b¤Bak;pøak;{bdivtþn_} Cease fire bTQb;)aj; Central Committee KN³mCÄim Central Committee Division KN³kgBl¬FM¦mCÄim Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) es>GIu>Ga Central party mCÄimbkS Central Unit GgÁPaBmCÄim Chain of bad elements / Traitorous network
bNþajk,t; b¤ExSsgVak;k,t; Chewing Unit RkumGegÁóm¬sYrcemøIy¦ Chief killer emXatkr Chief of a unit nayrg Chief of the army/ Supreme commander of the army
esnabtI Chief of the cabinet nayxuTÞkal½y Chief of a district RbFanRsuk b¤KN³Rsuk Chief of the foreign affairs service nayRkumcat;taMgeRkARbeTs Chief of a region KN³tMbn; Chronic disease CMgWrauMér: Cigarette burns TaruNkmµdutePøIg)arI
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-40
Class analysis karviPaKvNѳ Class dictatorship pþac;karvNѳ Class status vNѳPaB
Class struggle karts‘UvNѳ Class wrath kMhwgvNѳ Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK)
rdæaPi)alcRmuHkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Collective eating hUb)ayrYm Collectivization smUhPavUbnIykmµ Colonel s½kþi5 b¤vresnIy_Ék Combat line ExSRbyuT§ Come to dwgxøÜnvij¬eRkayBIsnøb;¦
Commissioner general GKÁsñgkar Commodore (Navy captain) ]tþmnavInayk Communal / collective meeting RbCuMsmUhPaB Communal eating hall erag)ayrYm Communal/ Collective smUhPaB Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Party of Kampuchea’s Armed Forces
kgkmøaMgRbdab;GavuFbkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Communist Women's Organization GgÁkarnarIkumµúynisþ Community smaKm Company kgGnuesnaFM Company grade officer (captain) GnuesnanI Compatriot CnrYmCati Composition/ Component smasPaB Comprador Capitalist mUlFnkuMR)ad½r
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-41
Company kgGnuesnaFM
Comrades-in-arms mitþrYmGavuF Comrade Secretary smmitþelxa Conscience mnsikar Consciousness illness CMgWstiGarmµN_ Consecutive deputy secretaries bNþajGnuelxabnþbnÞab;eRcInnak; Constipation CMgWTl;lamk Content/essence køwmsar Contort mYlbgáac; Contradiction TMnas; Control-ism RtÜtRtaniym Cool Unit kgRtCak; Cooperative shkrN_ Cooperative chief/committee KN³shkrN_ Copyist GñkcmøgÉksar Core forces kmøaMgsñÚl Core member smaCiksñÚl Core party troop T½BsñÚlrbs;bkS Corporal nayeTa Counter-revolutionary activity skmµPaBRbqaMgbdivtþn_ Counter-sponsor/former supporter karRbqaMgnwgGñkFøab;CYyKaMRT CPK’s existence GtßiPaBrbs;bkSkumµúynisþkm<úCa Crime site mCÄmNÐl]Rkidækmµ Cruel subunit kgrgkac¬sYrcemøIy¦ Cry out in pain ERskTaMgkþIQWcab;
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-42
Cut off entire familial line/exterminate smøab;TaMgBUC Dagger kaMbitesñót Debauchery GMeBIBalaGavaEs Decapitate/Behead kat;k,al
Decorations/ Medals eRKÓg\sSryys Deer antler EsñgeRbIs
Defeatism braC½yniym Defense/guard unit kgkarBar Defrock Buddhist monks pSwkRBHsgÇ
Demagogy RbCaPifuti Democratic centralism RbCaFibetyüRbmUlpþúM Demonstration )atukmµ Denunciation RbCuMriHKn;Tieton Department / Office mnÞIr Department of disabled soldiers mnÞIryuT§CnBikar Deploy troops BRgayT½B Deportee nireTsCn b¤GñkCemøós Deposit base people GñkmUldæancas; Deputy chief of the foreign affairs directorate
nayTIcat;karbreTsrg Desperate Edlsahav¬edaysarkarGs;sgÇwm¦
Deputy political commissioner GnuKN³kmµaFikarTTYlbnÞúkneya)ay Despicable EdlKYr[s¥b;
Detention karXuMXaMg Diabetes CMgWTwkenamEp¥m Dialectical materialism bdic©smub,aT
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-43
Diarrhea CMgWraKrUs Die untimely søab;munGayu
Dining hall, Communal dining hall erag)ay Diphtheria CMgWxan;søak; Direction to rectify work / direction of work rectification
TistRmg;kargar Disarmed dkGavuF Disembowel karykeBaHevonecj Disproportionate revenge karsgswkRCúlhYsehtu
Disrobe / to force to leave the monkshood
pSwkRBHsgÇ District-level unit GgÁPaBfñak;Rsuk District office salaRsuk Division kgBlFM Division commander embBa¢karkgBlFM Do politics eFVIneya)ay
Do not follow in someone’s footsteps/stereotype one another
kuMyktRmab;tamKña Documentarians/ Documentation group GñeFVIÉksar b¤RkumÉksar Dogmatism muxmat;niym Drops of water onto forehead TaruNkmµbnþk;TwkelIf¶as
Dysentery CMgWraKmYl Earth moving bucket bgÁI Earthwork karelIkdI East bUBa’ Eat to one's heart content suImYyEq¥ttamcitþcg;
Eavesdropping karlYcykkarN_ Eczema CMgWRtGk
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-44
Economic Support Unit kgesdækic© Economical spirit of the peasant sµartIsnSMsMécrbs;ksikr Education hall salaGb;rM Egalitarian GñksmPaBniym Electrocute smøab;edayqk;ExSePøIg
Emissaries / envoys ebskkmµ En masse TaMghVÚg Encourage the involvement of the masses
bMpusbMpulmhaCn Encroach on T®nÞan Enemy network/Enemy chain ExSry³sRtÚv b¤bNþajsRtÚv Enter the revolution cUlbdivtþn_
Entice/ instigate GUsTaj Equipment warehouse XøaMgsmÖar Euphemism BaküeRbIsRmab;sRmaln½yEdlminKYrsm Evacuated city dweller GñkCemøósmkBITIRkúg Evacuee GñkCemøós Evade up and down niyayLb;ELmþgenHmþgenaH Execution list bBa¢IeQµaHGñkEdlRtÚvsmøab; Executioner eBCÄXat Exhume BinitüsaksB Expand/ build up forces ksagkmøaMg
Expansionism vatTIniym Expansionist CnvatTIniym Exploit CBa¢ak;ykplRbeyaCn_ b¤ekgRbv½Ba© Exterminate eFVI[sUnü b¤smøab;bMputBUC
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-45
Extermination karsmøab;bMputBUC Extremist policy neya)aydac;xatniymb¤RCúlniym Fail to menstruate raMgrdUv Fall in with sth/sb eCOlg;eTAelIGVImYy b¤GñkNamñak; Fallen race BUCsasn_)at;bg; Family-ism RKÜsarniym
Feign / pretend eFVIBut Female medic / Female medical worker narIeBTü
Feudal class/ Feudal system vNѳskþiPUmi Feudal system RbB½n§skþiPUmi Feudalism skþiPUminiym Fifty-member Unit kgha Fire Brigade / Fire Truck Unit kgLanTwk First Lieutenant s½kþi2 b¤GnuesnIy_eTa Fleet Admiral ]tþmnavIÉk Flesh-and-blood opponent sRtUvsuIsac;hutQam
Follow-up biography tamdanRbvtþirUb Forced to drink urine TaruNkmµbgçM[pwkTwkenam
Forced to eat excrement TaruNkmµbgçM[suIGacm_
Forced labor kargarBlkmµeFVIedaybgçM Foreign residents GNikCn Foreman / Deputy nayrg Forensic examination ekaslüvic½y Free Khmer Forces T½BesrIka Freedomism/liberalism esIniym
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-46
Friendly rough-housing/play karelgesIcCamYymitþPkþi Frog-man mnusSkEgáb Front line/battlefield smrPUmimux Full rights eBjsiT§i Full rights party member(s) ebkçCneBjsiT§i Full rights people GñkeBjsiT§i Further raise the leadership quality elIkm<s;KuNPaBdwknaMEfmeTot Gang /group/unit Rkum Gaseous illness eraKs<wk General ]tþmesnIy_ General Staff GKÁesnaFikar
General of the army/ Field Marshal ]tþmesnIy_putelx b¤esnaRbmux
b¤páay4b¤nay]tþmesnIy_ Genocidal outcome lT§plénGMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ Genocide site kEnøg]RkidækmµRbl½yBUCsasn_ Gestitis CMgWrlakRkBH Gentle subunit kgrgsøÚt Get rid of the enemy’s consciousness CRmúHecalstiGarmµN_xµaMg Get rid of non-revolutionary behavior CRmúHecalCMhrminbdivtþ Glorious light of revolution BnøWbdivtþn_RbimRbiy Go down into the fray to do productive labor/ to vehemently cultivate crops
cuHeTAvaysRmukbgábegáInpl Goiter CMgWBkk Gonorrhea CMgWRbemH Good moral lifestyle sIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M Gout CMgWRbRKiv
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-47
Government informer Gñkykkarrbs;rdæaPi)al GPS (Global Positioning System) ]bkrN_kMNt;kUGredaenPUmisa®sþ Granary CRguk Grave site TItaMgkb;saksB Grasp hold of the political layers throughout the country
kþab;neya)ayRKb;RsTab;TUTaMgRbeTs Great Leap Forward mhaelatepøaH Guerrilla T½BéRB Gulag [R., acronym for glavnoe upravlenie lagery, Chief Administration of Collective Labor Camps.] The Soviet penal system and its administration.
KN³RKb;RKgkardæanshkrN_ ¬enAGtItsh
PaBsaFarNrdæsgÁmniymsUevot¦
Gullibility PaBqab;eCO
Half full/candidate reserved minTan;eBjsiT§i Hamstring kat;sréseCIg Hanging upside down TaruNkmµcgeCIgBüÜreLIgelIk,alcuHeRkam
Hard core party member bkçCndac;xat Hard line area tMbn;BYkk,alrwg Hard-liner BYkk,alrwg Have a great deal of anger toward the rich and urban dwellers
mankMhwgy:agxøaMgcMeBaHGñkmannigGñkTIRkug Have an absolute standpoint about purging counter-revolutionary elements
QrelICMhrdac;xatkñúgkare)assm¥at
smasPaBRbqaMgnwgbdivtþn_ Have the nature of the highest organization
manFatucat;taMgx<s;bMput Having sex with someone else’s spouse/adultery
xUcnwgRKÜsareK Having fingernails pulled out TaruNkmµdkRkckéd
Heart attack CMgWexSayebHdUg Hegemonism GnutþrPaBniym
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-48
Hegemonism and Expansionism GnuvtþrPaBvatTIniym Hegemony GnutþrPaB
Heighten the spirit of revolutionary vigilance
elIkMBs;sµartIRbugRby½tñbdivtþn_ Hemorrhage CMgWFøak;Qam Hemorrhoids b£dUg)at Herd off RbmUlekoreTATaMghVÚg² Hereditary enemy sRtÚvsYrBUC Hernia CMgWkøn Hero/ Elite vrCn Hidden enemy burrowing from inside/Undercover enemy burrowing from within
xµaMgbgáb;suIrUgépÞkñúg
Hierarchy zananuRkm High-class bourgeois GnuFnfñak;elI High commissioner ]tþmsñgkar High-level cooperative shkrN_fñak;elI High official s½kþiFr Highest level of punitive sanction pþnÞaeTaskRmitx<s;bMput Historic enemy sRtÚvRbvtþisa®sþ Hot Unit kgekþA Hundred-member Unit kgry Ideological debt bMNulmenaKmviC¢a Immerse RCmuCTwk[fb;degðIm
Imperialism cRkBtþiniym Imperialist CncRkBitþ b¤BYkcRkBtþi Implement Gnuvtþ
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-49
Incarcerate/detain XuMXaMg Indenture bBa¢aesñIsuM Indict script/ indictment lixitecaTRbkan; Individual consciousness stiGarmµN_sYntY Indochina Communist Party (ICP) bkSkumµúynisþ\NÐÚcin
Indochina Federation shB½n§\NÐÚcin
Infantry T½BefµIeCIg Influenza RKúnpþasayFM Informant Gñk[karN_ b¤GñkniyayerOgr:avR)ab; Infra-party purge visuT§kmµkñúgbkS Initiation ceremony for new party member
BiFIbBa©ÚlbkS Insomnia CMgWedkminlk; Insurgent CnbHe)ar Internal political field vis½yeyaFaépÞkñúg Intravenous injection karBüÚresr:Um
Intricate System / Complicated System RbB½n§d¾saMjúaM Introducer GñknaMcUl Invoked/ appeal GMBavnav Iron discipline vin½ytwgruwg Irredeemable minGacEkERbekIt ¬EkElgeLIg¦
Irrigation construction karsagsg;RbB½n§eRsacRsB Jam the cultural airwaves raMgsÞHkarpSBVpSayvb,Fm’tamrlkFatuGakas
Jaundice CMgWxan;elOg Join the party cUlbkS Join the revolution without full devotion cUlbdivtþn_Bak;kNþallHbg;
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-50
Justice meeting RbCuMCRmHkþI Jute RkecA
Kampuchean Communist Movement clnakumµúynisþkm<úCa
Karmic result kmµpl
Keep track of / To trace/keep tabs on tamdan b¤tamXøaMemIl Khmer body with Vietnamese head k,alyYnxøÜnExµr Khmer/Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP)
bkSRbCaCnbdivtþn_km<úCa Khmer People's National Liberation Front
rNsirSrMedaHRbCaBlrdæExµr Khmer Rouge A French word for Khmer Kraham or “Red Khmers,” first used by Prince Norodom Sihanouk in the mid-1960s to refer to Khmer Communists and members of other Khmer left-wing organizations. The term is understood differently depending on time period and historical view. The Documentation Center of Cambodia refers to the Khmer Rouge as those who worked to form and/or lead Democratic Kampuchea. For different views on the Khmer Rouge, see the DC-Cam publication Searching for the truth, No.6, June 2000.
ExµrRkhm
CaBakürbs;)araMgEdlRtÚv)aneRbICaelIkTI
mYyedayRBH)aTneratþmsIhnuenABak;kNþal
TsvtSqñaM60edIm,IniyaysMedAeTAelICn
kumµúynIsþExµrnigsmaCikénGgÁkarExµreqVgniym.
BaküenHRtÚv)anyl;eXIjepSg²KñaeTAtam
TsSn³Rbvtþisa®sþnigeBlevla.mCÄmNÐl
Éksarkm<úCa)anniyaysMedAeTArkExµrRkhm
faCaGñkEdlbegáIt nig/b¤ GñkdwknaMkm<úCa
RbCaFibetyü.cMeBaHTsSn³epSgeTotGMBI
ExµrRkhmsUmemIlTsSnavdþIEsVgrkkarBit
elx6ExmifunaqñaM2000rbs;mCÄmNÐlÉk
sarkm<úCa.
Khmer Rouge core men/ Khmer Rouge spy
BYksñÚlExµrRkhm Khmer Student Association smaKmnisiStExµr Khum Chief/ Sub-district Chief/committee
KN³XuM Kill someone without discrimination smøab;minerIsmux
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-51
Killing fields valBiXat Kola woman RsþICatikULa Labor party bkSBlkr Labor target TisedABlkmµ Lackey bviva b¤́ kBa¢Hdac;éfø Lascivious xitxUc¬cg;EtrYmePT¦
Laxative fñaMbBa©úH Lax-ism bENþtbeNþayniym Lax in doing something FUrrlugkñúgkareFVIGVImYy Leadership link ExSem² Learn scientific and technical lessons eronsURtbec©keTsviTüasa®sþ Leftist CneqVgniym Lessons learned from the commune/collective
mtiksagBIsmUhPaB Lieutenant Colonel vresnIy_eTa b¤s½kiþ4knøH Lieutenant General ]tþmesnIy_nayk Life-and-death contradiction TMnas;søab;rs; Life-and-death enemy sRtÚvsøab;rs; Lifestyle meeting / Livelihood meeting RbCuMCIvPaB Likeliness ePT ¬ehtuePT¦ Line maKa’ Line of bright revolution maKa’bdivtþn_d¾PøWsVag Local educator GñkGb;rMmUldæan Logistics P½sþúPar Slow ripening rice/long-term rice RsÚvF¶n; Love the collective Rslaj;smUhPaB
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-52
Low-level cooperative shkrN_fñak;eRkam Lower-class farmer ksikrfñak;eRkam Lower Khmer/Khmer Krom km<úCaeRkam Lower middle-class farmer ksikrkNþalfñak;eRkam Lure dak;GnÞak; Major vresnIy_RtI b¤s½kþi4 Major general ]tþmesnIy_eTa b¤páay2 Malinger eFVIButQW¬x¢ileFVIkargar¦
Malingerer GñkeFVIButx¢ileFVIkar Mass grave reNþAsaksBrYm Mass line maKa’mhaCn Massacre smøab;rgÁal Master sergeant Bl)aleTa Mature in consciousness snþikarmÖ Marx-Leninist line liT§im:akS-elnIn Meal shifts evn)ay Measles CMgWkRBa¢wl Medic eBTüTahan Medical staff/Medical practitioner eBTü Memorial site bUCnIydæan Menstruate rdUv®sþI Mercenary aggressor GñksuIQñÜlQøanBan Middle man / Broker QµÜjkNþal Middle-of-the road consciousness stiGarmµN_snþiniym Migraine CMgWRbkaMg
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-53
Military engine ynþyuT§ Military officer / Commander nayTahan Military secretary elxaeyaFa Military Unit kgeyaFa Militant Solidarity yuT§samKÁIPaB
Militiaman esnaCn b¤kgsVayRtaN Mince niyaybeBaäóg
Miscarriage karrlUtkUn Mobile Work Brigade kgcl½t Model KMrU Model cooperative shkrN_KMrU Model district RsúkKMrU Monastery kudielak Move freely edIrehIresrI
Mulberry edImmn
(Solidarity) Mutual Aid Group RkúmRbvHéd¬samKÁI¦
Political monopoly/monopolized policy/politics
neya)aypþac;mux Moral offenses/sexual offenses kMhussIlFm’ National Democratic Revolution bdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyü National Untied Front of Kampuchea (NUFK)
rNsirSrYbrYmCatikm<úCa
Nationalities issues bBaðasBa¢ati Nerve center mNÐldusxat;sµartI Networks ExSbNþaj b¤ExSry³ Neutralist CnGBüaRkwt New cabinet KN³rdæm®nþIfµI
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-54
New people GñkfµI New phase of socialist revolution dMNak;kalfµIénbdivtþn_ Nomination/ Assignment Committee KN³cat;taMg Non-believer TmiL Non-commissioned officer nayTahanrg Non-revolutionary behavior Gakb,kiriyaminbdivtþ Non-revolutionary component/ element/ non-revolutionary background
smasPaBminbdivtþ Norm bTdæan Northeast Administration karRKb;RKgPUmiPaK|san Nourish secret work ciBa©wmkarsm¶at;
Objective factors ktþastüanum½ti Obliterate eFVIkuM[eXIjdan Offend eFVI[Tas;citþ Officer on active duty nayTahankñúgskmµPaB Old-timer/veteran eCIgcas; Organization line maKa’GgÁkar Organizational discipline GgÁkarvin½y Pacifism snþiPaBniym Palsy CMgWsøab;Gv³yv³ Paranoia eraKqáÜt ¬RCúlhYsehtu/ Kµanehtupl¦
Partisan / Clique bkçBYk Party of Democratic Kampuchea (PDK) bkSkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü Party candidate smaCikeRtomcUlbkS Party line maKa’rbs;bkS Party member(s) bkçCn
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-55
Party's leading apparatus/mechanism k,alm:asuIndwknaM Pass out snøb;)at;sµartI
Patriotic GñkesñhaCati Patrol l,at Paying homage to image(s) of dogs TaruNkmµsMBHrUbstVEqá
Peace alliance snþism<½n§ Peacization/pacifization sniþPavUbnIykmµ Peasant element/nature Fatuksikr Peasant revolution bdivtþn_vNѳksikr People's Representative Assembly sPatMNagRbCaCn People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) saFarNrdæRbCamanitkm<úCa People representative of a communist tendency
tMNagra®sþninñakarRkhm People's Revolutionary Tribunal (PRT) tulakarRbCaCnbdivtþn_ People's War s®gÁamRbCaCn
Perfect leadership line maKa’dwknaMRtwmRtÚv Person who owes some sort of political debt to the enemy/who is politically related to enemy
GñkEdlCMBak;CMBinEpñkneya)ayCamYyxµaMg
Perversity karRbRBwtþminKb,I karRbRBwtþxilxUc
Petty bourgeoisie GnuFn Pig iron EdkRsYy Pilgrimage FmµyaRta Pioneer nature / Pioneer elements FatuQanmux Pioneer/Pioneer elements kgQanmux Pirate ecarsmuRT Platoon kgGnuesnatUc
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-56
Pledge allegiance to a flag eKarBTg;Cati Pogrom clnasmøab;bM)at;RbCaCnBBYkNamYy Police officer / Guard naytRmÜt Police station/ Police commissioner’s office
sñgkardæan Police superintendent/ commissioner sñgkar Political education session vKÁsikSaneya)ay Political learning eronsURtneya)ay Political level of the masses kRmitneya)ayrbs;mhaCn Political line maKa’neya)ay Political view TsSn³neya)ay Proletarian vNѳGFn Pounce upon vays®gÁb; Pound corn bukeBat Presidium/ Politburo KN³kmµaFikarRbFanEpñkneya)ay nig
Rbtibtþi Prevent raraMg Private BlÉk Private Ownership kmµsiT§iniym Privatism bkçBYkniym Pro Khmer Rouge individuals GñkKaMRTExµrRkhm Probationer GñkEdlRtÚvlt;dM Progressive and Labor Organization GgÁkarceRmIn nigBlkr Proletarian nature / proletarian element FatuGFn Proletariat GFn Propaganda kareXasna
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-57
Propagandize eXasna Protégé mnusSsßitenAeRkamGNaBüa)alnigbBa¢arbs;eK
Provincial office salaextþ Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam
rdæaPi)albdivtþbeNþaHGasnñevotNamxagt,Úg
Pseudonym rhsSnam
Psywar/War of nerves s®gÁamcitþsa®sþ
Purge apparatus briFanvisuT§kmµ Purge/re-education Center mNÐlksagxøÜn Purification bnSúT§kmµ Quasi-segregationist vieyaKkmµKµanPaBCak;lak; Quick ripening rice/ short-term rice RsÚvRsal Rabbit-dropping medicine fñaMGacm_TnSay
Race extinction karputBUC Racist GñkerIseGIg b¤Rbkan;BUCsasn_ Radical mUlvivdþ Raid / ambush vayqµk; b¤qµk;cUlluk Rank and file soldier BlTahansamBaØa Rankism namuWniym Raze kemÞcecal[sUnü Reactionary Rbtikiriya Rear Admiral ]tþmnavIRtI Reactionary faith CMenOrbs;BYkRbtikiriya Reconnoiter/spy QøbykkarN_ Recruit soldier eRCIserIsT½B Red intellectual / communist intellectual bBaØvnþRkhm b¤bBaØvnþkumµúynisþ
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-58
Red tendency / red trend / communist inclination
ninñakarRkhm Reduce to ashes kemÞc[eTACaepH Reeducation camp kEnøgksagxøÜn Refashion / Refresh / Build up oneself ksagxøÜn
Regiment kgvresnaFM Regional unit GgÁPaBtMbn; Regional Cadre kmµaPi)altMbn; Regional importance/regionalism tMbn;niym Remain intractable and resist improvement
cecsrwgrUsminRBmEkERb Repatriate eFVImatuPUminivtþ Repatriation kareFVImatuPUminivtþ Report raykarN_ Reserve officer nayTahanbMrug Resolve contradiction edaHRsayTMnas; Revamp/reform EkTRmg; Revenge will not bring an end to a problem
karsgswknwgminGaceFIVeGaybBaðamYy
cb;enaHeT
Revisionist BYkesIerI Revolt ebHe)ar Revolutionary consciousness stiGarmµN_bdivtþn_ Revolutionary outlook on life CIvTsSn³bdivtþn_ Revolutionary resistance consciousness sµartIts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary struggler Gñkts‘Ubdivtþn_ Revolutionary wrath kMhwgbdivtþn_ Rheumatism CMgWsnøak;édeCIg
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-59
Right political line maKa’neya)ayRtwmRtUv
Rightist sþaMniym Ringworm CMgWWERsg Riot kub,kmµ Wild gesture kayvikarRceggRcgag Royal Government of National Union of Cambodia (RGNUC)
raCrdæaPi)alb®gÁÜbb®gÜmCatikm<úCa
Rubber-sole sandal/car-tyre sandal Es,keCIgkg;Lan Sadism karsb,ayeday)aneFVI)abGñkdéT
Sanctuary CMrM Santebal (The CPK state security organization)
snþi)al Screen army/ Single out army sRmitsRmaMgT½B Scapegoat mnusSEdlTTYlfµ)ak; /sVasuI)ayrYclab
mat;BEB Scuba equipment ]bkrN_RCmuCTwk Search and destroy tamkemÞc Secession movement clnapþac;xøÜn Second lieutenant s½kþi1 b¤GnuesnIy_RtI Division elxaKN³kgBlmCÄim Security Unit kgsnþisux Seek vengeance sgswk Segregate bMEbk Segregation karbMEbk Self-criticism CIvTsSn_ Self-mastery/implementation sV½ym©as;kar b¤sV½yRbtibtþi Send up to the higher level / Send to be observed by the higher rank
bBa¢ÚneTAfñak;elI
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-60
Sergeant Bl)al Sergeant or Second Class Sergeant Bl)alRtI Sergeant-major Bl)alÉk b¤RBwnÞ)alÉk Sharpen the ideology of the proletariat so that it is most cutting and powerful
sRmÜcKMnitGFn[mutRsYcbMput Shell )aj;epøag Shingles/Herpes CMgWerIm Shirk combat rt;ecalkarRbyuT§ sickle keNþóv
Sihanoukist National Army (ANS)
Silver bands s½kþiR)ak; Sino-Khmer youth yuvCnExµrkat;cin Slack off/Slack up minsUveFVIkar b¤x¢ileFVIkar Sleeping pill fñaMedklk; Slice open someone's stomach vHeBaH Sloppy mins¥ats¥M
Small arms fire karvayRbyuT§edayGavuFFunRsal Small-fry eats a little, big-shot eats a lot tUcsuIedaytUc FMsuIedayFM Smash something to smithereens kemÞcecal[exÞcm:dþsøúg Snapshot rUbftEdlft\t)anerobcMxøÜn Snatch sb from the jaws of death CYy[GñkNamñak;putBIesckþIsøab;
Sneak into a village to steal food lbcUlkñúgPUmilYcmðÚbGahar Dye clothes RClk;exaGavnwgmak;ekøÓ b¤BN’exµA Social affairs sgÁmkic© Social Order sNþab;Fñab;sgÁm
Social strategic line maKa’yuT§sa®sþsgÁm
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-61
Solidarity samKÁIPaB National solidarity samKÁICati Somebody was whipping up the fear/spreading that there are tigers.
man)atuPaBbMpusfamanxøa Speak to stir up contradictions niyaybgáTMnas; Spearhead/target muxRBÜj Spike/ Stake cRmÚg Spiritual indoctrination bMBak;bMb:nsµartI Sponsor/bring someone to join the party bBa©ÚlbkS Spy out a secret ykkarN_ Srok Chief/ District Chief/Committee KN³Rsuk Staff ( e.g., Eastern Zone Staff ) esnaFikar Stalinism sþalInniym
Stance of mastery, self-reliance and managing the destiny of one's country
CMhrÉkraCüm©as;karnigRKb;RKgelIvasna
RbeTsCatiedayxøÜnÉg Stance of independence CMhrÉkraCü Stance of lackeydom CMhr´eK Standing Committee/Permanent Committee
KN³Gcié®nþy_ Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of a Clean Morality of Living and Cleanliness in Political Terms
CMhrrwgbuwgxagsIlFm’rs;enAs¥ats¥M nig
s¥ats¥Mxagneya)ay Staunch Revolutionary Stand in Terms of Class/background
CMhrbdivtþn_rwgbuwgxagvNѳPaB State/Public Commercial Committee KN³BaniC¢kmµrdæ Storm attack to farm paddy ( Farm intensively ) vaysRmúkeFVIERs Strafe )aj;rHBIelIynþehaH Strangle Rc)ac;k
Strategic line maKa’yuT§sa®sþ
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-62
Strengthen the stance of absolute and hot class struggle
BRgwgCMhrkMhwgvNѳdac;xatnigekþAKKuk Strike kUdkmµ Strings of traitors ExSk,t;
Stroke CMgWdac;srésQamkñúgxYrk,al Struggle in work/work hard ts‘Unwgkargar Struggle to the death / struggle until the last minute
ts‘UluHdl;degðImcugeRkay Study revolutionary concepts eronsURtviC¢abdivtþn_ Stupa ectiy
Stymie/obstruct bg¥ak; b¤raraMg Subdistrict XuM Subjective factors ktþaGtþenamti Sub-military operation Center mNÐlRbtibtþikarswkrg Subordinate/Lower rank cadre kmµaPi)alfñak;eRkam Sub-politic Gnuneya)ay Suffocate smøab;edaybiTbMBg;dkdegðIm
Suffocation with plastic bag TaruNkmµeFVI[fb;degðImedayfg;)øasÞik
Summarizer GñksegçbÉksar Super Great Leap Forward mhaelatepøaH mhaGs©arü Supporting base/ Home front/ Rear smrPUmieRkay Suppression karKabsgát; Sweep up/Sweep cleanly away e)assm¥at Sweet victory bEg¥mC½yCmñH Syncope xül;Kr Systematic education plan ninñakarGb;rMCaExSsgVak; Take the lead naMpøÚv
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-63
Tamil (athostic Tamil) TmiL ¬TmiL\tsasna¦
Target muxsBaØa Tasks of the core units kargarsñÚl Team chief RbFanRkum Temper and build oneself lt;dMksagxøÜn Ten-day guard shifts evnyam10éf¶ Ten thousand strong labor force kmøaMgeBjBlkmµ1muWnnak; Tendency ninñakar Tenderfoot/novice eCIgfµI¬KµanbTBiesaFn_¦ Territory-swallowing Yuon enemy
The direction of evolution Tisvivtþn_ The good rarely boast, only the insane boast without shame
Gñkl¥kRmGYt manEtGñkqáÜtGYtKµanxµas; The organization eats meat while the workers eat the bone
GgÁkarsuIsac; kmµkrsuIq¥wg There can be no comparison between losing two or three leading cadre and 200-300 members. Rather the latter than the former.
kar)at;bg;smaCik2-3rynak;minesµInwg
kar)at;bg;kmµaPi)aldwknaM 2-3 nak;pg Third wave of purges kare)assm¥atb¤visuT§kmµelIkTIbI Three-in-one traitorous network ExSbICaExSEtmYy To dig up grass, one must dig up the roots
CIkesµARtÚvCIkTaMgb£s Tonsillitis CMgWrlakbMBg;k Torment / Torture TaruNkmµ Trade union shCIB Transplant the rice with its root sticking up in the air
sÞÚgRsÚvbt;Kl;
Triumph C½yCmñH Turtoise shell sñÚkGeNþIk
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-64
Two-crop land dIGacdaMdMNaM)anBIrRbePT Unconditionally make every kind of sacrifice
lHbg;GVI²RKb;y:ageday\tlkçxNÐ Unclean mins¥ats¥M Under secretary Gnuelxa Underground bgáb;épÞkñúg Unit kg Unit GgÁPaB Unified Issarak (Freedom) Front (UIF) rNsirSrYbrYmExµr\sSr³ United Front for the National Salvation of Kampuchea (UFNSK)
rNsirSsamKÁIse®gÁaHCatikm<úCa
Unsympathetic ceg¥ótcg¥l;
Upland minorities CnCatiPaKticenAtMbn;x<g;rab Upper brothers bgfñak;elI b¤bgFM Upper class farmer ksikrfñak;elI Upper Khmer/ Khmer Leu ExµrelI Upper middle-class farmer ksikrkNþalfñak;elI Vanguard force kmøaMgRsYc Vanity emaTnPaBniym
Vice Admiral ]tþmnavIeTa Vigilance karRbugRby½tñ Viaginal discharge Føak;s Village cooperative shkrN_PUmi Volatile standpoint eKalCMhrXøIgeXøag Loot/ spoils of war CyPNÐ Prisoner of war eQøIyswk Wall with ears CBa¢aMgmanRtecok
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-65
War operation sub-region tMbn;Rbtibtþikarswkrg Water chasing rice/Floating rice RsUvRbedjTwk Water tank/truck LandwkTwk West bs©wm Wet nurse emedaH Wharf (Ex: sea wharf) kMBg;TUk/ Ep ¬]³ EpsmuRT¦
When we transplanted (paddy) during the national democratic revolution there was progress, but when we transplant in the socialist revolution, we retrogress. Before we ate rice by the bushel, now we eat rice by the can.
sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_RbCaCatiRbCaFibetyüeTAmux
sÞÚgkñúgbdivtþn_sgÁmniymeTAeRkay. mun
hUbGgáretA\LÚvhUbGgákMb:ug. Wide open organization GgÁkarlatsn§wg Willingness/good will suqnÞ³ Work force organization karerobcMkmøaMgBlkmµ Work site kardæankargar Work team Rkumkargar Worker and peasant kmµkr-ksikr Working agenda kmµviFIeFVIkargar Write a systematic account of someone's treasonous activities from beginning to end.
sresrerobrab;skmµPaBk,t;CaExSsgVak;BI
edImrhUtdl;cb; Xenophobia kars¥b;CnbreTs
Yeast dMEb b¤emdMEb Young pioneers/boy or girl scout kumarQanmux Young women in a mobile work brigade yuvCnyuvnarI b¤narIkgcl½t Youth League sm<½n§yuvCn Yuvakak League/ Kampuchean Communist Youth League sm<½n§yuvkk b¤sm<½n§yuvCnkumµúynisþkm<úCa Zero-sum game El,gsUnü
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-66
2nd class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;eTa 3rd class certificate/ diploma sBaØab½Rtfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline Fmµvin½yfñak;RtI 3rd class dharma discipline certificate/ diploma
sBaØab½RtFmµvin½yfñak;RtI Carry out a shock assault resolutely to make the 3 ton and 6 ton breakthrough
vaysRmuk[)an3etannig6etankñúg1hikta
March 2006
Democratic Kampuchea Glossary of the Documentation Center of Cambodia--Updated—March 2006-67