the united nations environment programme a partner in … tda-sa… · the starting point of the...

THE UNITED NATIONS THE UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME

A Partner InA Partner InThe Global Environment FacilityThe Global Environment Facility

Integrated Water Resources Management of the Integrated Water Resources Management of the Rio Bravo BasinRio Bravo Basin

PDF-A PDF-B FP: 4 -5 yearsOutputs:

1. TDA2. SAP3. Project Brief for SAP implementation

How to achieve outputs:Demonstration projects to test feasibility and cost of remedial actionsAdditional studies to fill in knowledge gapsPUBLIC PARTICIPATION – Stakeholder involvement

To build up a BASE to enable us formulate TDA and SAP

TDA/SAP Approach TDA/SAP Approach

TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS (TDA)

The TDA is the SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENT which:

Identifies the environmental problems;Identifies the root causes of the environmental degradation (physical, socio-economic, legal-institutional causes of the environmental problems – CAUSAL CHAIN ANALYSIS);Prioritizes the problems worth addressing in the SAP.

TDA = scientific and technical base upon which the SAP is formulated

“STAND ALONE” document

TDA/SAP ApproachTDA/SAP Approach

STRATEGIC ACTION PROGRAMME

Document which will present the strategic actions needed at all levels and in all sectors including those with transboundary impacts;

This document will represent the technical, social, legal and and costsfinancial responses associated with issues identified

in the TDA;

These strategic elements will condition environmentally sustainable development in the basin for the next years to come.

TDA TDA -- Causal Chain AnalysisCausal Chain Analysis

The causal chain analysis traces the cause-effect pathwaysassociated with each significant environmental problem back to its root causes.

In order to identify the most important and fundamental determinants for each of the problems to be targeted in the SAP by appropriate policy measures for remediation.

This analysis should be undertaken under both current and predicted future conditions as both the nature and the scale of the environmental problems and the cause-effect pathways by which they arise may change over time.

The starting point of the causal chain analysis is PROBLEMS IDENTIFICATION;

The chain is then built by successively answering the question “WHY” or “WHAT IS THE CAUSE”;

Having selected a priority issue, to examine the IMMEDIATE CAUSES of the issue - in a check list form;

The next step would then be to assess from which SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY the immediate causes have arisen (e.g. agriculture, industry, urban development, energy production, transport, fishing, recreation, etc.) - SECONDARY CAUSES.



The methodology then explores the SOCIAL & ECONOMIC REASONS exploring factors related to governance, legislation and stakeholders involvement -TERTIARY CAUSES;

All stages of causes (I, II, II) will be reported as a check lists and expert judgement should be used in scoring the issues using e.g a SIMPLE 1-2-3 SCORING SYSTEM;

Equally, the TREND in the issue could be reported (increasing, decreasing, etc.).

ISSUES IMMEDIATE

CAUSES

SECONDARY CAUSES

[sector of the

economy]

TERTIARY CAUSES

[social & economic

reason]

UNDERLYING CAUSES –

ROOT CAUSES

Eu

trop

hic

atio

n Increase in nutrient

inputs from point sources

Excessive use of fertilisers in crop production

Use of animal waste in agriculture

Combustion of fossil fuel

Sewage discharges Phosphate detergents

Soil and sediments erosion and remobilization

Etc.,

Use of economic subsidy

Intensification of production

Enhanced energy demand

Urbanisation

Land Use changes

Regional agricultural policy

Inadequate development and/or enforcement of regulations



For each of the stages, it is important to assess for each issue, the degree to which the practice contributes to the issue (1-2-3 scoring) and the trend in the practice (increasing, decreasing, etc.);

For the underlying causes/root causes, it is important to understand the driving force for the chain when deciding whether or not to intervene at all and where GEF should invest its money.


Once the causal chain analysis is undertaken, issues worth addressing in the SAP have to be PRIORITIZED

SCIENTIFIC BASE FOR THE SAP FORMULATION


STRATEGIC ACTION PROGRAMME

Document which will present the strategic actions needed at all levels and in all sectors including those with transboundary impacts;

This document will represent the technical, social, legal and financial responses and costs associated with issues identified in the TDA;

These strategic elements will condition environmentally sustainable development in the basin for the next years to come.


TDA SAP


MATRIX FOR PREPARING THE TDA

PROBLEMS

CAUSES

PRIMARYCAUSES

CAUSES

SECUNDÁRYCAUSES

CAUSES

TERTIARYCAUSES

ROOTCAUSES ACTIONS

TECHNICAL SCIENTIFICASPECTS

ECONOMIC ASPECTS INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS POLÍTICAL SOCIAL ASPECTS


PROBLEM

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CAUSE

CRITICAL PROBLEM CAUSES

PRIMÁRY CAUSES SECUNDÁRY

CAUSESTERCIARY

CAUSES ROOT

TD SAP

STR

AT

EG

IC A

CT

ION

S

PRO

JEC

TS

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONATTENTIONATTENTION

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