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The Value of Post Acute Care It Depends on When You Ask Presentation to: The American Hospital Association Nancy D. Schmidt VP, Referral Relations and Admissions Terrence A. O’Malley, MD Medical Director for Non Acute Care Services Judith Flynn, RN, MBA VP, Patient Care Quality Compliance Officer 1

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Page 1: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

The Value of Post Acute Care It Depends on When You Ask

Presentation to:The American Hospital Association

Nancy D. SchmidtVP, Referral Relations and AdmissionsTerrence A. O’Malley, MD

Medical Director for Non Acute Care ServicesJudith Flynn, RN, MBA

VP, Patient Care Quality Compliance Officer

1

Page 2: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Nancy D. SchmidtVP, Referral Relations and Admissions

Partners Continuing [email protected]

617-573-2251

Terrence A. O’Malley, MDMedical Director for Non Acute Care Services

[email protected]

Judith Flynn, RN, MBAVP, Patient Care Quality Compliance Officer

Partners HealthCare at [email protected]

781-290-4051

David E. StortoPresident,

Partners Continuing Care &Spaulding Rehabilitation Network

[email protected]

2

Page 3: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Outline

• Partners Healthcare and Partners Continuing Care

• The “Value” Proposition– Now: DRG and LOS Reduction– 2013: Readmission Reduction– Future: ACO

• Summary and Questions

3

Page 4: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Partners HealthCarePartners HealthCare

Massachusetts General Hospital Massachusetts

General HospitalNorth Shore

Medical Center North Shore

Medical Center

Newton-Wellesley Health Care System Newton-Wellesley

Health Care System

Partners Continuing CarePartners Continuing Care

Brigham & Women’s Physicians

Organization

Brigham & Women’s Physicians

Organization

Faulkner HospitalFaulkner Hospital

The General Hospital Corporation

The General Hospital Corporation

Massachusetts General Physicians

Organization

Massachusetts General Physicians

Organization

McLean Hospital Corporation

McLean Hospital Corporation

The MGH Institute of Health Professions

The MGH Institute of Health Professions

MGH Health Services Corporation

MGH Health Services Corporation

North End Community Health

Committee

North End Community Health

Committee

Salem Hospital North Shore

Children's Hospital

Salem Hospital North Shore

Children's Hospital

Union HospitalUnion Hospital

Charter Professional Services Corporation Charter Professional Services Corporation

Newton- Wellesley Hospital

Newton- Wellesley Hospital

NeWell Medical Delivery Organization

NeWell Medical Delivery Organization

Spaulding Rehabilitation

Network

Spaulding Rehabilitation

Network

Spaulding Cape CodSpaulding Cape Cod

Spaulding North ShoreSpaulding North Shore

Partners HealthCare at

Home

Partners HealthCare at

Home

Clark House at

Fox Hill Village

Clark House at

Fox Hill Village

Dana Farber/Partners Cancer CareDana Farber/Partners Cancer CareTwo Physicians Appointed

by Partners Two Physicians Appointed

by PartnersPartners Community HealthCare (PCHI)

Partners Community HealthCare (PCHI)

Martha’s Vineyard Hospital

Martha’s Vineyard Hospital

Nantucket Cottage Hospital

Nantucket Cottage Hospital

Brigham & Women’s/

Faulkner Hospitals

Brigham & Women’s/

Faulkner Hospitals

Brigham & Women’s Hospital

Brigham & Women’s Hospital

Spaulding CambridgeSpaulding Cambridge

Spaulding Center for Outpatient Care Spaulding Center for Outpatient Care

Spaulding Rehab HospitalSpaulding Rehab HospitalHome CareHome Care

Private CarePrivate Care

Health Products and Technologies

Health Products and Technologies

Partners HealthCare System (PHS)

4

Page 5: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

PCC: Who Are We?

• The portion of post acute care service providers owned by PHS

• Components:– 2 LTACs 300 beds– 2 IRFs 256 beds– 4 SNFs 327 beds– Medicare Certified Home Care 25,000

admissions per year

5

Page 6: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Partners Continuing Care Basic Statistics

Entity LTAC Beds

IRF Beds

TCU/SNF Beds

FY 09 Home Health & OP

Visits

FY09 Total Admissions

FY09 % of Admits from

PHS

FY09 Total Revenue

(in millions)

SRH 196 143,816 2,650 69% 96,402SHC 180 2,191 55% 59,300SNS 120 40 58,251 1,906 79% 41,562SCC 60 86,317 1,139 17% 30,127SWR 77 1,113 93% 14,196SNE 140 509 92% 18,320PHH 380,393 24,758 55% 78,090Clark House (50% interest) 70 584 32% 10,200

Total PCC 300 256 327 668,777 34,850 348,197

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PHS - Basic Statistics

• Total ACH beds: ~2400• Discharges per year: ~155,000• 50,000 patients use post acute care

– 25,000 use Home Care– 15,000 use SNF– 10,000 use LTAC or IRF

• PHH takes 55% of PHS home care referrals• PCC facilities take 20% of PHS SNF referrals • PCC facilities take 50% of PHS LTAC/IRF

referrals7

Page 8: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Partners Continuing Care Basic Statistics

Entity LTAC Beds

IRF Beds

TCU/SNF Beds

FY 09 Home Health & OP

Visits

FY09 Total Admissions

FY09 % of Admits from

PHS

FY09 Total Revenue

(in millions)

SRH 196 143,816 2,650 69% 96,402SHC 180 2,191 55% 59,300SNS 120 40 58,251 1,906 79% 41,562SCC 60 86,317 1,139 17% 30,127SWR 77 1,113 93% 14,196SNE 140 509 92% 18,320PHH 380,393 24,758 55% 78,090Clark House (50% interest) 70 584 32% 10,200

Total PCC 300 256 327 668,777 34,850 348,197

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Page 9: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Important Points

• PHS needs more Home Care, SNF, LTAC and IRF services than can be provided by PCC

• PHS hospitals struggle with balancing access to post acute care services, quality of care and patient demand

• Control through ownership is important but expensive and limited

• How to exert control without using capital?

• The Times they are a Changing

9

Page 10: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

The Three Post Acute Care Value Propositions

Now- DRGs and LOS2013- ReadmissionsFuture- ACOs

10

Page 11: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

The “Now” Value PropositionNow Readmission

EraACO Era

Financial DRG Driven LOS reduction DRG/LOS plus Financial penalty

Common bottom line with shared responsibility for cost

Quality Quality – Site specific – state and federal criteria, no

reflection on ACH

Post Acute quality matters in so far as it impact

readmissions

Quality impacts finances, efficiency and market share

Access Access - More is better Access to the right provider = can provide the reduced

admissions

Access balanced by cost effectiveness

Efficiency Ease of Access, no impact on overall cost or efficiency

Access + low readmissions Essential under global payment, readmissions

become an efficiency measure

Reputation No impact No impact Reputations are linked and based on satisfaction across

the entire episode of care

Patient Satisfaction No tangible impact No impact Sites are Interdependent

Characteristics of the relationship

ACH and PAC providers are silos, no shared incentives

other than to drive utilization.

ACH now cares about post acute as partner in

readmission reduction

ACH now cares about post acute partner as part of

financial success

Shared measures None: each measures and manages separately.

Readmission rates Cost, quality, patient satisfaction

Value to the ACH

11

Page 12: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Maximize Access Minimize LOS

• Developed 4NEXT– Web based application available to all CMs– Information on all post acute care providers in

searchable database, hand-out for family– Secure information exchange with PACPs

• Results– Rapid identification of appropriate providers– Rapid identification of available beds

12

Page 13: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

4NEXT II

• Tracks all referrals to all PACPs• Tracks “acceptance” rate• Identifies providers who make extra effort

to accept PHS patients• Helps monitor referral patterns to

encourage referrals “in network”• Provides the data to inform decisions

regarding “buy, build, lease”13

Page 14: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Current State

• In-network referrals have consistently increased• Percent of “referrals-accepted” has increased• Referral processing has changed from multi-site

to central assessment and referral by liaison staff

• All referrals go through liaisons who find an alternative provider if PCC providers can’t meet need

• As a result, PHS has been able to maximize in system referrals while maintaining wide access

• We still live in this system, but the rules are changing

14

Page 15: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

2013 -Readmissions

15

Page 16: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Lewis Carroll on Readmission Reduction

"Cheshire Puss, she began, rather timidly, as she did not know at all whether it would like the name: however, it only grinned a little wider. Come, it's pleased so far, thought Alice, and she went on. Would you

tell me please, which way I ought to go from here?

That depends a good deal on where you want to get to said the cat.

I don't much care where, said Alice.

Then it doesn't matter which way you go, said the cat.

... So long as I get somewhere, Alice added as an explanation.

Oh, you’re sure to do that, said the cat, if you only walk long enough“

“Alice in Wonderland” Lewis Carroll

16

Page 17: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

The “Readmission” Value PropositionNow Readmission

Era ACO Era

Financial DRG Driven LOS reduction DRG/LOS plus Financial penalty

Common bottom line with shared responsibility for cost

Quality Quality – Site specific – state and federal criteria, no

reflection on ACH

Post Acute quality matters in so far as it impacts

readmissions

Quality impacts finances, efficiency and market share

Access Access - More is better Access to the right provider = can provide the reduced

readmissions

Access balanced by cost effectiveness

Efficiency Ease of Access, no impact on overall cost or efficiency

Access + low readmissions Essential under global payment, readmissions

become an efficiency measure

Reputation No impact No impact Reputations are linked and based on satisfaction across

the entire episode of care

Patient Satisfaction No tangible impact No impact Sites are Interdependent

Characteristics of the relationship

ACH and PAC providers are silos, no shared incentives

other than to drive utilization.

ACH now cares about post acute as partner in

readmission reduction

ACH now cares about post acute partner as part of

financial success

Shared measures None: each measures and manages separately.

Readmission rates Cost, quality, patient satisfaction

Value to the ACH

17

Page 18: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Build the foundation of your “ACO”

• Interim step to;– Develop administrative structures to manage

the continuum of care – Improve clinical transitions– Identify potential partners– Experiment with cross continuum and

episode-based clinical management– Figure this out one patient at a time

18

Page 19: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Value Stream Management

• Include all components of 30 day episode of care– In-patient– ED– PCPs/Specialists– Post Acute– Community based services

• Why? Each contributes to readmissions• Improve each component, but also…• Improve the clinical transitions among them:

– The right information– At the right time – In the right way

19

Page 20: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

New Performance Metrics

• More than just access: now its readmission rate and access

• Need these Essential capabilities– Enhanced Clinical Management – Communication (IT) links– Shared process improvement– Integration into hospital readmission

reduction programs• Facilities that reduce readmissions

could be future ACO partners20

Page 21: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Where do Unplanned Medicare Readmissions Come From?

• Readmissions by days after discharge– 19.6% readmitted at 30 days– 34%% at 90 days– 56.1% at 180 days

• Most common discharge diagnoses– Medical: heart failure, pneumonia, chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease, psychoses, and gastrointestinal problems

– Surgical: cardiac stent placement, major hip or knee surgery, vascular surgery, major bowel surgery, and other hip or femur surgery.

– 70% of surgical patients readmitted with medical diagnosis (UTI, pneumonia)

Jencks, Williams and Coleman NEJM April 2, 2009 360(14):1418-2821

Page 22: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

PHS Post Acute Care Experience

• 50,000 patients a year sent to– ~500 SNFs– ~25 LTAC/IRFs– ~50 HHA

• 25-33% of all readmissions come through Post Acute• Readmission rates from Post Acute vary widely

– IRF 15-25%– LTAC 26-55%– SNF 10-40%– Home Care 14-25%

• A 30% reduction in post acute readmissions translates to a 40-50% reduction in overall readmissions

22

Page 23: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

• Estimated CMS penalty for PHS- > $50M• 25% of 30 day readmissions come through

PCC• Readmission rates within PCC varied but

were in line with the ACH rates• Virtually all PCC readmissions come

through the ED• Strategy: start with owned PAC then

expand

Post Acute Care and PHS

23

Page 24: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Finding the “Right” Post-acute Care Providers

• In the absence of effective financial leverage, you need willing partners

• Identify entities that:– Understand where health care is heading and

embrace it– Want to be part of your future “ACO”– Are willing to forego some short term gains to

establish their credentials as efficient, high quality partners

• Count yourself lucky if that’s more than 10% of what you need

24

Page 25: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

What to do when you find them

• Understand that change is a two way street

• Establish an administrative mechanism to– Meet regularly for problem identification– Develop shared performance metrics

• Readmissions• Returns to ED

25

Page 26: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

PHS Readmission Performance

• Overall 30 day readmission rate is lower than State average ~19%

• >50% of discharges go to Non-PHS Post Acute facilities

• ~50% of their readmissions go to Non-PHS hospitals

• PHS owned facilities have some of the lowest readmission rates

26

Page 27: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Life is Just One Big Pareto Chart

• Here are some targets– 90% readmitted through the ED– 10% readmitted from follow-up appointment or test

site– 30% readmitted within 72 hours– 50% within 7 days

• Two big questions– What to do?– Who to do it with?

27

Page 28: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

First: Develop Infrastructure

• Learn about and join existing efforts– STAAR (State Action to Avoid Re-

hospitalizations) (www.ihi.org)– INTERACT II (www.interact2.net)– Project Red

(www.bu.edu/fammed/projectred/) – BOOST (www.hospitalmedicine.org)

• Readmission review teams• Cross continuum teams

28

Page 29: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

STAAR State Action to Avoid Re- hospitalizations

• A four year multi-state, multi-stakeholder initiative funded by The Commonwealth Fund

• Partnership between the Institute for Healthcare Improvement and State Leaders to:– Reduce state-wide 30-day rehospitalization rates– Increase patient and family satisfaction with transitions in care

and with coordination of care

• Initial Phase– May 2009 – October 2010– Three states: Massachusetts, Michigan, and Washington

29

Page 30: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

• Goal: 30% reduction in 30 day re-admissions

• Cross Continuum Teams in each hospital– PCC Representatives on each

• IHI Rapid cycle improvements (“tests of change”)

• Initial focus on one of four areas:– Risk stratification– Management– Preparation for discharge (teach back)– Post Discharge management (call back, early follow-

up)

STAAR

30

Page 31: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Second: Measure and Report

• Developed shared quality metrics including uniform definitions for– Transfers to ED– 30 Day readmissions

• We report quarterly to the PCC Board and report on the PHS Quality Dashboard

• We “budget” readmission reduction and report progress quarterly

31

Page 32: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Partners Healthcare At Home 30 Day Readmissions- 14%

3700 patients per year

1/3 in first seven days

1/3 between day 8 & 14

1/3 day 15-30

32

Page 33: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Spaulding RehabAcute Discharges by LOS Jan-Jun 09

N=227

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45

LOS

Perc

ent o

f Tot

al A

cute

Dis

char

ges

• 16% readmission rate at 30 days

• Approximately 1/3 of readmissions occurred in the first 72 hours

33

Page 34: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

SRH Acute Discharges to MGH by LOS Jul-Dec 09N=82

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45

LOS

Per

cent

of A

cute

Dis

char

ges

Evaluating differences by hospital referral source

SRH Acute Discharges to BWH by LOS Jul-Dec 09N=59

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45

LOS

Perc

ent o

f Acu

te D

isch

arge

s

34

Page 35: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Third: Analyze and Intervene

• 30% of 30 Day readmissions occur within 72 hrs of transfer for PCC facilities– Changes in Mental status, Respiratory status

and hemodynamic status– Feedback and review with ACH referrers– Developed Transitions Committee PAC/ACHs– Refine transfer of information at transitions– Change management model for more overlap

35

Page 36: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Third: Analyze and Intervene

• Virtually all PAC readmissions come through the ED

• Interventions– Improve PAC to ED communication– Provide ED with alternatives to readmission– Review role of ED in readmission reduction

36

Page 37: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Readmission Pathways- Now The opportunity to control readmissions through Post Acute

Emergency Department

ReadmissionEval and Return Observation

Patient Selection

Discharge Preparation

Patient Management

Care Transition

Post Discharge

Post AcuteEnhance management of patient to reduce transfers from post acute

Enhance staff capabilities to manage more complex patients

37

Page 38: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Readmission Pathways-Soon

Emergency Department

ReadmissionEval and Return Observation

Patient Selection

Discharge Preparation

Patient Management

Care Transition

Post Discharge

Post AcuteProvide ED with alternatives to admission

Enhance Post Acute resources to accept patients return of patients

38

Page 39: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Readmission Pathways

Emergency Department

ReadmissionEval and Return Observation

Patient Selection

Discharge Preparation

Patient Management

Care Transition

Post Discharge

Template for transfer information (INTERACT II)Phone call after transfer to discuss findingsPhone call prior to disposition“PCC Rounder” to see patient in ED (?)

39

Page 40: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Sidebar: What are Readmission Dollars?

• They appear to be “negative dollars”– Interventions will reduce a “loss” rather than

produce a “gain”• Potential ways to “book” readmission dollars

– Charge against margin targets– Line item for projected repayment– Deal with it when it comes

• How you answer may determine how you allocate resources

40

Page 41: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Future – ACO

Cost, Quality and Patient Satisfaction will be Key

41

Page 42: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Emphasis on Accountable Care The reality

– The incentives and reimbursement structures are not aligned– Regulations will always ‘lag and drag’

To get from ‘Here’ to ‘There’• Accountability within each entity for efficiency, quality

and outcomes from beginning to end– Transitions in care both at acceptance and at hand off to the next

provider– Highly reliable, efficient, effective care with high quality

outcomes and patient satisfaction

• Thinking outside the box with innovative and collaborative approaches plus risk sharing early on

42

Page 43: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

What will be important? Finding the lowest cost /most effective / most efficient/ highest quality site of care

43

Page 44: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

The “ACO” Value PropositionNow Readmission

EraACO Era

Financial DRG Driven LOS reduction DRG/LOS plus Financial penalty

Common bottom line with shared responsibility for cost

Quality Quality – Site specific – state and federal criteria, no

reflection on ACH

Post Acute quality matters in so far as it impact

readmissions

Quality impacts finances, efficiency and market share

Access Access - More is better Access to the right provider = can provide the reduced

admissions

Access balanced by cost effectiveness

Efficiency Ease of Access, no impact on overall cost or efficiency

Access + low readmissions Essential under global payment, readmissions

become an efficiency measure

Reputation No impact No impact Reputations are linked and based on satisfaction across

the entire episode of care

Patient Satisfaction No tangible impact No impact Sites are Interdependent

Characteristics of the relationship

ACH and PAC providers are silos, no shared incentives

other than to drive utilization.

ACH now cares about post acute as partner in

readmission reduction

ACH now cares about post acute partner as part of

financial success

Shared measures None: each measures and manages separately.

Readmission rates Cost, quality, patient satisfaction

Value to the ACH

44

Page 45: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Care Transitions and Coordination Critical to Success in ACO

Preventable readmissions reflect low quality (care that should be unacceptable for patients) and low value

(waste in dollars).

Payment reform, by itself, won’t correct all the issues. Some form of integration of the healthcare delivery

system addressing care transitions and coordination will also be needed

Barry M. Straube, M.D.CMS Chief Medical Officer & Director of Clinical Standards and QualityJune 2010

45

Page 46: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

PHS Efforts to Improve Transitions

2006

STAAR

The Joint Commission

Interact II

2008

Initiative Time lines

2007 2009 2010

RTI – CARE Tool

Started in 2002 Partners Care Transitions – HPM 2

2011

CMS Demo Design

CMS Demo - MGH CMS Demo Expansion to BWH & NSMC

Advance Care Planning Module

2002

Started in 1998 4NEXT

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• Inclusion of all required elements in Discharge Documentation– Goal: ‘Defect Free Rate’ in Discharge Information

• ‘All or Nothing’ scoring- no partial credit• Scores reported to senior management

• Timely completion of Discharge Documentation– To sub-acute facilities: same calendar day– To home: within 24 hours of discharge– For all patients: not written more than 2 days prior to discharge

• Templated Discharge documentation in EMR

High Performance Medicine Transitions in Care

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Page 48: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Phase:I. Acute facilities self audit of discharge

documentation in inpatient record

II. Post Acute Facilities audit of discharge documents received

III. Home Care audit of discharge documents from acute and post acute care facilities

IV. Emergency Department audit of transfer documents from post acute facilities

V. Emergency Department audit of transfer documents from home care

Audit Methodology

We are here

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Page 49: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

• Participants:

• Goals• Define essential elements of a hand-off• Define process and goals for rapid cycle improvement• Create a template for other hospitals to follow

• PHS Pilot• Handoffs from Partners Continuing Care Facilities to

PHS Emergency Departments using Interact II tool

– Mayo– Stanford– Intermountain– Kaiser

– Fairview– North Shore– New York-Presbyterian– MGH/PHS

TJC- Center for Transforming Health Care Hand-off Communications Pilots

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Page 50: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Allocation of Incentive Awards• Acute Care Hospitalization – 30%

– 22.5% to Performance– 7.5% to Improvement

• Emergent Care – 20%– 15% to Performance– 5% to Improvement

• Five Remaining Outcomes – 50% (10% each)– 7.5% to Performance– 2.5% to Improvement

Year 1 results 167 home health agencies saved over $15 million

Partners Healthcare at home in to 20% in four outcomes including ACH and EC

Home Care P4P Demonstration What does it tell us

Hospital and Home care Incentives are starting to align

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Dilemmas: Getting from Now to Then

• ACO: – Well managed, willing to invest in enhanced

communications, patient management, shared quality reporting and performance

• How to identify preferred providers– Now, mission driven, early adopters are

approximately 10-15% of providers– Geographic spread vs. patient preference vs.

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Dilemmas

• How to merge/share clinical information

• How to achieve transparency in quality and performance reporting

• How to extend administrative control– How to adjudicate funds flow under ACO structure– What will administrative structures be– How to begin building these capabilities without using

capital

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Page 53: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

How to begin practicing like an ACO in a Fee For Service world

• Consider some risk sharing pilots or programs with preferred vendor

• Innovate and collaborate building on identified strengths of your potential partners

• Define high quality, efficiency and effectiveness and start measuring it

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Risk Sharing

PHH ‘ED Phone Home’ program

• Liaison/RSC nurses are available by phone, cell phone and Partners pager to accept referrals immediately with one call, – Monday – Friday 8:00 AM to 9:00 PM– Saturday- Sunday 8:00 AM to 7:30 PM

• Admission within 24 hours of referral acceptance and processing by Referral Service Center includes:– Thorough home safety evaluation and assessment– Medication reconciliation and management– Referral for additional home care as needed– Medical Social Worker (MSW) phone contact

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Innovation and Collaboration

Connected Cardiac Care Program• Telemonitoring for CHF patients not qualified for home

care– 7 days a week– Physician support - Telemonitoring nurse as case manager– Scheduled and just in time teaching to bring patient to greater

self management

• System payment of monthly monitoring costs

• Designed to connect the physician and patient for greater self management support.

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Page 56: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

State and National Quality Initiatives Implications for Post Acute Care

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act• The ‘Meaningful Use’ definition will guide

IT Infrastructure strategy not only in the hospital but across the continuum

Value Based and Bundling of Payments• Accelerates need for increased

efficiency, effectiveness and coordination within PCC and across the PHS system.

Massachusetts Quality Reporting• Accelerates consumer driven health care

with increased demand for transparency of our quality, safety, effectiveness and efficiency

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Measuring Quality PCC Quality Dashboard

IT Infrastructure Patient Perception of Care

Quality and Safety

Publicly Reported Outcomes:

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Page 59: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Metrics to ConsiderIT capabilities

The key to continuity of patient care communication across the continuum

•Ability to communicate internally and externally– Electronic clinical documentation (nursing, therapy and physician)– CPOE – Electronic discharge/transfer– Portals

•Electronic Patient Safety Tools– EMAR– Bedside medication verification– Smart pumps

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Metrics to ConsiderPatient Safety and Quality

– 30 day readmissions– Falls with injury– Acquired pressure ulcers– Other infection rates (MRSA, VRE, CVC - BSI)

Publicly Reported Outcomes• Home Health Compare• Nursing Home Compare

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Metrics to ConsiderEfficiency and Effectiveness • Functional Independence Measures (FIM)

– FIM Change – Admission to Discharge– FIM Change per day / LOS Efficiency

Patient ExperienceThe score and percentile rank• Overall Satisfaction• Likelihood to Recommend

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A few last thoughts….

• Metrics are defined, compiled and reported differently across PAC

• Some metrics may not be available and will need to be defined and requested

• Benchmarks and goals may need to be established– Where they don’t exist:

• Benchmark PAC against it’s own baseline year• Set arbitrary goal

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Page 63: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Thank you for your Time

Questions?

Comments?63

Page 64: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Nancy D. SchmidtVP, Referral Relations and Admissions

Partners Continuing [email protected]

617-573-2251

Terrence A. O’Malley, MDMedical Director for Non Acute Care Services

[email protected]

Judith Flynn, RN, MBAVP, Patient Care Quality Compliance Officer

Partners HealthCare at [email protected]

781-290-4051

David E. StortoPresident,

Partners Continuing Care &Spaulding Rehabilitation Network

[email protected]

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Appendix

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Page 66: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Overview of Partners Continuing Care

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Page 67: The Value of Post Acute Care - AHA › system › files › content › 11 › 110126ltcrcall.pdf · Presentation to: The American Hospital Association. Nancy D. Schmidt. VP, Referral

Partners Continuing Care (PCC)Inpatient

Rehabilitation Facilities (IRF)

Inpatient Rehabilitation Facilities (IRF)

Long TermAcute Care

Hospitals (LTAC)

Long TermAcute Care

Hospitals (LTAC)

Skilled NursingFacilities (SNF)Skilled NursingFacilities (SNF)

Home Care & Hospice

Home Care & Hospice

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Partners Continuing Care Specialty Hospitals

Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital (SRH)• 196 bed inpatient rehabilitation facility (“IRF”) hospital• About 2,600 inpatient admissions and 10 outpatient centers with over 140,000 outpatient visits • Harvard teaching hospital and leader in rehabilitation research • Ranked by US News & World Report as one of the best rehabilitation hospitals, moving from number 14 to number 4 in the nation during

the last 10 years

Spaulding Hospital for Continuing Medical Care North Shore (SNS)• Formerly Shaughnessy-Kaplan Rehabilitation Hospital• 120 bed long term acute care (“LTAC”) hospital and 40 bed “subacute” skilled nursing facility that serves NSMC• About 2000 inpatient admissions and 8 outpatient centers with over 58,000 outpatient visits

Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital Cape Cod (SCC)• Formerly Rehabilitation Hospital of the Cape and Islands• Developed by Spaulding • 60 bed IRF• About 1100 inpatients and 5 outpatient centers with almost 86,000 outpatient visits

Spaulding Hospital for Continuing Medical Care Cambridge (SHC) • 180 bed LTAC hospital• About 2100 inpatient admissions

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Partners Continuing Care Who We Are Skilled Nursing Facilities

Spaulding Nursing and Therapy Center North End (SNE)• Formerly North End Rehabilitation and Nursing Center• 140 beds including a 40 bed “subacute” SNF unit• Subacute unit established to serve the MGH

Spaulding Nursing and Therapy Center West Roxbury (SWR)• Formerly The Boston Center for Rehabilitative and Subacute Care• 77 “subacute” SNF beds that serve BW/F Hospitals

Clark House at Fox Hill Village• 70 SNF beds in Continuing Care Retirement Community that includes

senior housing and assisted living• Joint Venture with Kindred

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Home Care• Represents what once were 30 individual agencies• Each day, more than 3,000 people are under care• 1,400 employees - 364 RNs/ 112 PT/OT/ 608 Aides/Hmkrs

Partners Continuing Care Who We Are Partners HealthCare at Home

Private Care • Merger of 3 individual agencies• Each day, more than 1,500 people are under care

Health Products and Technologies• Lifeline – 4000 subscribers• Telemonitoring – 300 patients• Medication Dispenser

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