the virtual immunization communication (vic) network is a ......mar 23, 2016 · centers for...
TRANSCRIPT
The Virtual Immunization Communication (VIC) Network is a project of the
National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC) and the
California Immunization Coalition, funded through a cooperative agreement with the
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Webinar Objectives
• Provide overview of norovirus and the disease burden.
• Learn how to prevent and control Norovirus.
• Understand issues and challenges related to norovirus
vaccine development.
• Highlight surveillance systems that track norovirus
outbreaks.
• Highlight CDC norovirus communication materials
available for various audiences
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Stop Norovirus:
Protect Yourself and Others
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A nationwide ‘virtual’ immunization community of
health educators, public health communicators and
others who promote immunizations.
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Access the Q&A Panel From Split Screen
Welcome to the Webcast! We Will Be Starting Momentarily.
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Questions for Presenters?
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Will I be able to get a copy of the slides after the webinar?
2. Will I receive a copy of the webinar recording?
Yes – a copy will be posted on the VICNetwork.org site
Yes - a copy will be posted on the VICNetwork.org site
Jessica Allen, MSW, MPH Health Communications Specialist,
Northrup Grumman
TITLE of PRESENATION
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Daniel C. Payne, PhD, MSPH Principal Investigator and Project Officer,
Centers For Disease Control and
Prevention
Stop Norovirus: Protect Yourself and Others
Daniel Payne PhD, MSPH
Jessica Allen MPH, MSW
Virtual Immunization Communication Network
Wednesday March 23, 2016
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Poll Question
What acute gastroenteritis pathogen causes the most cases of diarrheal disease each year?
a. Rotavirus
b. Norovirus
c. E.coli
d. Salmonella
e. Shigella
f. Clostridium difficile
NOROVIRUSES: PERFECT HUMAN PATHOGEN?
Highly contagious
Rapidly and prolifically shed
Diverse and constantly evolving
Evoke limited immunity
Moderately virulent
How Norovirus Spreads • Water & Foodborne
o eating food or drinking liquids that are contaminated with norovirus
• Environmental
o touching surfaces or objects contaminated with norovirus then putting your fingers in your mouth
• Person-to-Person
o having contact with someone who is infected with norovirus
Highly Contagious
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html
Moderately virulent
Common norovirus symptoms include: • diarrhea
• vomiting
• nausea
• stomach pain
Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after exposure
Most people get better within 1 to 3 days
Young children and the elderly are more likely to have severe illness
There’s no specific treatment for norovirus other than making sure people stay hydrated
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/index.html
• Shed mainly in stool, but also in vomit
• Shedding occurs for at least 2-3 weeks
• Peaks 4 days after exposure – Can persist after resolution of
symptoms
• Infectious dose: 18-2,800 viral particles
• Infectivity of prolonged viral shedding and role in transmission is unknown
Rapidly and prolifically shed
http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#graphic
Classification of Noroviruses
Diverse and constantly evolving
GII.4 • cause >75% of
disease • Causes more
severe disease
Produces Time-Limited Immunity
Human studies have found immunity to norovirus may last 6–24 months
Mathematical modeling based on observed disease suggests immunity may last for as long as 4–8 years
570–800 Deaths, mostly in young children and the elderly 56,000–71,000 Hospitalizations 400,000 Emergency Department Visits 1.7–1.9 million Outpatient Visits 19–21 million Total Illnesses
Annual Burden of Norovirus Disease in the U.S.
Poll Question
What types of norovirus communication materials would be most helpful for the work you do?
a. Prevention and control fact sheet for patients/public
b. Prevention and control posters for placement in offices and public heath buildings
c. Multimedia prevention materials such as infographics and videos
d. Other
REPORTING AND SURVEILLANCE
U.S. Norovirus Outbreak Surveillance
• NORS
– Epidemiologic surveillance for all
enteric disease outbreaks
– Data on setting, transmission mode,
exposures, demographics, outcomes
U.S. Norovirus Outbreak Surveillance
• CaliciNet
– Laboratory surveillance
using molecular
genotyping of outbreak-
associated specimens
– Data on genotypes to
identify new strains and
potentially link
outbreaks
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/reporting/calicinet/index.html
NoroSTAT: Norovirus Sentinel Testing and Tracking
• Near-real time reporting of norovirus outbreaks by network of sentinel states
– Implemented August 2012 in 5 states
– Expanded to 7 in 2015 and 9 planned for 2016
– Improved timeliness, completeness, and linking of outbreak reports in NORS and CaliciNet
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/reporting/norostat/flowchart.html
Active, Prospective Pediatric Surveillance
• NVSN: New Vaccine Surveillance Network
– Enrolls children visiting a participating hospital or emergency department with diarrhea and /or vomiting.
– Obtains epidemiologic data, clinical data, specimens and vaccination histories
– Assesses disease burden among US children
http://www.cdc.gov/surveillance/nvsn/index.html
NOROVIRUS TRENDS AND OUTBREAKS
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/trends-outbreaks.html
Transmission Mode of Norovirus Outbreaks, NORS, 2009-2012 (N=4,318)
Person-to-person
69%
Foodborne 23%
Environmental 0.3%
Waterborne 0.3% Unknown
7%
Setting of Norovirus Outbreaks, NORS, 2009-2012 (N=3,243)
Long-Term Care Facilities
59%
Restaurants 17% Schools
5% Caterer/Banquet
Facility 5%
Hospitals 3% Private
Residence 2%
Daycares 2%
Other/Multiple 7%
http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#infographic
Norovirus Outbreak Settings
• Norovirus is the leading cause of illness and outbreaks from contaminated food in the United States
Pediatric burden of norovirus
• NVSN surveillance found that norovirus is now the most common and costly cause of severe gastroenteritis in U.S. kids seeking medical care
• Norovirus is responsible for ~1 million pediatric medical care visits in the U.S. each year
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
How to Prevent Norovirus Infection
1. Wash your hands carefully with soap and water
2. Wash fruits and vegetables and cook seafood thoroughly
3. When you are sick, do not prepare food or care for others who are sick
4. Clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces
5. Wash laundry thoroughly http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html
Preventing Norovirus in Long Term Care Facilities
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/images/stop-norovirus-lg.jpg
Preventing Norovirus in Food Settings
http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/norovirus/infographic.html#infographic
Preventing and Controlling Norovirus
http://www.disinfect-for-health.org/resources
NOROVIRUS VACCINE
GI.1 intranasal
GI.1/GII.4 intramuscular
Norovirus Vaccine Development
• Two randomized trials involving healthy adults ages 18-50. 1. Intranasally delivered Norwalk virus (genotype GI.1) VLP vaccine
followed by homologous challenge
– Vaccine protected against illness (~50%) and decreased infection frequency (~25%)
– First demonstration that a norovirus vaccine can prevent disease
2. Intramuscular bivalent (GI.1 and consensus GII.4) VLP vaccine followed by GII.4 challenge
– Did not significantly reduce illness or infection, but did reduce disease severity and decreased viral shedding
– Hampered by low disease rate from challenge and high baseline infection rate in control group
Challenges for a norovirus vaccine
– Role of prior infection history?
– Duration of protection?
– Protection against multiple genotypes?
– Need to be updated to keep up with viral evolution?
– Need for different vaccine formulation for certain groups?
– Variation in human genetic susceptibility?
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/global-burden-report.pdf
Poll Question
If a norovirus vaccine was licensed and shown to be effective in preventing norovirus infection, would you get it yourself or have your child get it?
a. Get it myself
b. Have my child get it
c. Get it myself and have my child get it
d. No
ADDITIONAL NOROVIRUS COMMUNICATION MATERIALS
A good place to start for materials: http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/about/index.html
Communications: For Health Care Providers
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/778880
http://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/norovirus/229110-ANoroCaseFactSheet508.pdf
Communications: For Food Workers
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/foodhandlers.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html
Communication: For Everyone
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/downloads/keyfacts.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/multimedia.html
Special Thanks
Aron Hall
Ben Lopman
Mary Wikswo
Jeanette St. Pierre
For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333
Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348
Visit: www.cdc.gov | Contact CDC at: 1-800-CDC-INFO or www.cdc.gov/info
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Questions and Answers
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NIIW 2016 is April 16-23, 2016
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National Public Health Information Coalition
August 2016 • Communication Toolkit
GOAL Promote the importance of immunizations
across the lifespan
OBJECTIVES Highlight value of immunization for people
of all ages
Promote vaccination through traditional
media, social media, and partner outreach
Utilize social media networks to circulate
information and resources to target
audiences
Highlight the campaign and encourage
dissemination of materials
Overview
Toolkit
TOOLKIT 4th year for NIAM
www.nphic.org/niam
CONTENTS Weekly themes
Sample key messages
Vaccine information
FAQs
Sample news releases, articles
Sample Facebook, Twitter messages
Web links and resources
GRAPHICS Web banners
Facebook cover photos
Facebook timeline graphics
Posters
Resources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
www.cdc.gov/vaccines
National Public Health Information Coalition
www.nphic.org
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Twitter @VICNetwork
Facebook VICNetwork
Tweet and Follow
National Public Health Information Coalition
www.nphic.org
California Immunization Coalition
www.immunizeca.org
Thank you for your support and your
participation !
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