The women also fought for freedom in Nicaragua.

sent to prison. Since 1956, Somoza's army killed over 300 thousand people in Nicaragua.

The people hated Somoza. They took up guns and knives and fought a long war against Somoza and his army. In July 1979 the people won. Somoza fled the country. The FSLN - the people's army - became the new government.

The war destroyed much o f the country. Towns were bombed. Nearly 40 thousand people were killed. Now the FSLN wanted the people to work w ith the new govern­ment. They wanted the people to build up the country again together. So after the war a new fight began - s fight for better health, more houses, better food, more toilets and water, and more education.

23 LEARN AND TEACH

"N ow I can read - so you can't push me around anymore".

BJt the new government first wantec people to learn to read and write. The FSLN wanted the people to read and write so that they could Team- and talk about ways to build a new life.Men and women who fought in the war against Somoza put down their guns. Now they took up books and pencils and wentJto live w ith people

in the towns and in the countryside. They went to teach people how to read and write. But they aiso went to learn from the people. Together they worked tor a better life.Over 100 thousand people went to the towns, villages and farms of Nicaragua f o teach and work with the people. These people were called literacy workers or brigadistas.

24 LEARN AND TEACH

A building after the war.

Learning groups started all over. Everywhere people were learning and teaching. Sometimes 13 year old boys and girls taught grandmothers and grandfathers. People met in huts, broken down buildings, factories, shops and houses. The new government's sloran was."Every home a class room.Eve-y table a school desk."

In the day the teachers worked w ith the people. They built toilets and schools, worked in the fields, looked after the animals and cooked meals. A fter a hard day o f work they met w ith the people and began teaching.The people were learning, teaching and building a new country all at the same time. In only nine months nearly one million people learnt to read and write. And the country had

many new schools, toilets and water wells.

Today the new government is stil! hard at work The government n?s stopped diseases like TB an^ ina!aria Not so many babies die any more. And they are making sure that every­body gets enough food to live.

But they still have much to do. The government says the work of building a new country is only just beginning.

"A ll we want now is peace", says a government member. "We need peace so we can work, so we can study, so we can sing and laugh, so we can simply live."

But peace does not come easily. The little country called Nicaragua still has many problems. One big problem is the cid Somcza army. Some o; the soldiers from the army a^e nil fightmg the new government And America is helping +hes? soldier:- to fight so they can bring back old Somoza days.

But now the people know what they want - and they don 't want Somoza back.

They w ill fight for their new govern­ment. One old man learned to read and write. He wrote a letter to the friends of Somoza and said: "Now I can read. Now you won't push me around any more."

25 LEARN AND TEACH

26 LEARN AND TEACH

B u f f m d w

The L ife o f Chris 'Mra' ColumbusOver 40 years ago Christopher 'Mra' Columbus began to play jazz. Dollar Brand was still a young boy when Chris was singing, tap dancing and blovv.ng a trumoet in the townships o f Cape Town. This is the story of his life.

Christopher's real name is Fezile Ngcukana. He was born in Cape Town in the 1920's - w ith music in his blood. Chris studied . until standard nine. But then music called him away from his books.

Chris left school and joined a band. They were called the 'Bantu Ideas'.

Chris sang and tap danced in the band. And he taught himself to play the trumpet.

In 1945 Christopher's father sent him into the bush rear CaDe Town. Like most Xhosa boys who became men, Chris had tc go to r 'ukolukc' - circumcision. But music fonowed him even into the bush.

One night in the bush Chris was sitting.w ith his friend. They were sad and lonely. Then they heard the soft sound of jazz. A band called Zonk was playing in a hall nearby.

Zonk was a big and famous band.

Chris blowing his lungs out.

They played American tunes like "In the Mood” and "Tuxedo Junction".

Chris heard these tunes. The next day he sang the tunes. His friend joined in. The bush wasn't so lonely anymore. And Chris decided to make music his life.

TWOChris left the bush. He played the trumpet w ith many bands in Cape Town. One night he went to a party. A friend asked him to play a tune on the saxophone. Chris picked it up and began to blow. And that's how he learned to play the sax.

"The sax was easy fo r me to play," says Chris. "Music is in my blood - African and Xhosa music. Even when

I play music from overseas, I mix it w ith African music."

Then Chris went to Johannesburg. "I wanted to show something to the guys in Johannesburg. I wanted tc show them thev were not t L e onlv guys around who couic play iius ic/' says Chris.

He met David IV.timkulu and Zakes Nkosi. They played for the famous Jazz Maniacs band. They asked Chris to play the trumpet with them. He agreed. He played with this big banc for a while.

But Chris d idn 't only play w ith the big guys o f jazz. He liked to move around. So he left Johannesburg and went to East London. He joined a small band called the Hot Shots.

"People asked me why I played with such a small band," says Chris. "I told them I wanted to share my music w ith the young guys. I wanted to help them w ith their music."

Chris taught the Hot Shots what he knew about music. And then he went back to Johannesburg.

In the early 1950's, a new band called the Shantytown Sextet started in Johannesburg. Kippie Moeketsi played for the Shantytown Sextet. Chris played w ith Kippie and the other guys in the band.

27 LEARN AND TEACH

Then Chris went home to Cape Town. He got married and had three kids. He decided to stop moving around so much.

THREE

"In Cape Town I began to play big. big jazz," says Chris. " I starred a new band. We called ourselves Dibrtfana - The Young Boys. This band had a big sound - two drums, two pianos, two bass players and plenty o f saxopnones and trumpets."

But now times were hard in South Africa. A ll over the country people were fighting against passes. In 1960 the government arrested many o f the people's leaders. They stopped all meetings in the country. And they banned the ANC and the PAC.

The people were suffering - and so was their music. Bands could not play in the halls anymore. Music in the townships stopped.

But Chris and the Dibafana never lost hope. They said the people needed music. They needed to sing and dance again. So Chris and his friends made a new song. Tney called it !zwe Lifile - the land is dead.

Since then Chris ha^ always played mus c. Today music ic sti!i in his blood. He is still blowing his saxophone. People are still dancing to his tunes.

"I can't stop playing music," says Chris. "When I'd ie , I want them to bury me w ith my saxophone."

28 LEARN AND TEACH

Thondi Kubeko wonts to save some money. 5o she goes to a building society.Read what Thondi finds out about the different ways to save money.

Thondi: 1 wont to open an account.Clerk: What kind of account?Thondi: I don’t know. I want to save some money.Clerk: There ore four kinds of accounts you con open. An ordinary savings occount. You put your money in.You con take out your money when you want. The building society gives you a little bit of money. This money is colled interest. For every R100 you have m your account for o year, you get P4. This is 4 percent interest.

How to open an account with a Building Society _______

29 LEARN AND TEACH

Thondi: That’s nice. Tell me more.Clerk: A special scvings account. To open this account you must olwoys keep R200 in the account. Vou can only take out money 2 times o month. But they give you a bit more money. If you keep R200 in for one year you get RJ3,15.Thondi: What else?Clerk: A fixed deposit account. You must put R50 or more into the account. You can’t take any money out for one year, After one year you get 12 percent interest. So if you have R50 in your account for a year, the building society will pay you R6.Thondi: Okay.Whatelse?Clerk: A subscription shares account. You don’t hove to put in R50. You can put in a little bit of mone/each month. You can't get your money out for 3year5.When you get your money you get 12 percent interest. Thondi: What a lot of accounts! Okoyj want two accounts. I want a" fixed deposit account" so J can save some money. I also want on "ordinary savings account" sol can take money out when I need to.Clerk: To open an account you need tw o things. Some money and identification.Thandi: What’s identification?Clerk: Your reference book or a passport. Bring it with you when you make your first deposit.Thondi: What is a deposit?Clerk: A deposit is when you put money into the building society.

30 LEARN AND TEACH

Can you answer the questions?1. How much money must Thandi always keep in a Special Savings account at a

building society? ? ' 0 / ; r~ /-". .V '•'l / ' . “ . j ' .».■i 1 C ■' /

i2. How much money must you deposit if you want to open a Fixed Deposit account at

a building soc ie ty?......... ........... .........................................................................................................

3. Which accounts give the most in terest?,

4. Which accounts did Thandi decide to open? —

5. If Thandi put R100 in her Fixed Deposit account how much money w ill she have inthis account after one year? .+'■ ■ ■ ^ — I -----------------------L

6. How much interest does an ord inary savings account give? .. . r . j ~ - -r-

Check your onswers.’5U9D jedi7(9 '2H& [Q lunoobo sbui/tos Ajcuipjo uo puo

^unoo^D'jisodsp pex'y o fy -q unorjD sajoijf uondiJDsqns puo s;moa>D usodap paxy (£ 'o S ti (z *00^a U

Read the sentences.Then write the name of the account in the right space.1. When you must always keep some

money in your account. But you can only take your money out tw iceam onth. ,V/ TLQ.a , ^ - .

. r

2. When you put money in your O ' / /account and you can take money out when you l i k e . 7./ m

3. When you put R50 or^more in the Building Society and then you must leave it in the building society for one y e a r./^ r , n ./ '/ , , :# -

4. When you put a little b it of&n?.- -J-nhr rr W - ’g.money in the building society "^ i P i. every month but you can't t a k e * , f~~n~r * ' -------- ' i. ------1 . • ♦ ' Sr. ’■—■ /the money out for three years; ' — -rr.c, „ g:

s I Answers *sajeqs u o jidu D sq n s -p s6uiabs A je m p jo Z " :- J v - r - ' jisodaQ p a x y •£ junooD V s6u!ab$ |B|oads ’ I . '/ - 11 . - i ■ • ’ A* “ •*' - ' "V ' " 'iX'/ - ' ^ ' r. —- ■ ■ '

/• C-.rv-.V->.' '<* U v v / iV C ^ ••• >:•' 31 LEARN a n d t e a c h

ReadTwo weeks later Thandi goes back to the Building Society. She deposits R60. in cash, a cheque fo r R20 from Learn and Teach and a postal order fo r RIO. She w ithd raw : R3C.

Here are the forms Thandi fille d in at the Building Society. Look at the words markec A, 6 -and C. See what they mean on the next page.

Here is the cheque Thandi deposits.

BankG O L D S T R A A T /G O L D S T R E E T , J O H A N N E S B U R G

t3ie som van me sum d \ U ) C < N\

_iL»nnp^fi; i:npqp,Dm: E70tg5tn» ?L

- a 6 *7 3 - 1 k o a.

-hand i KUBero 17-9;Z S 1

DCP05IT SUP DE*OSrT057ROklf

CUfMT'* HA**

>*•0 t*J fcv "r^L»4fe>

V 1 ft AMO cCASM - KOKTAKT / 6 0 OOCA3«T»«J»»»>»*0 f*OM ACt'* K»fTA«TOOI«CEDVAV»NA»HXyt /POSTAL CWDfW f>0S0RS«*3 / t o o o

VRtM/en- i « « kS j / Baxk TO**** -t>0*?

LE ARN 4 TEACH S T D . 2 o o o

1

TOTAL- IDTAALt 9 0 o o

TM* AlCVt CME«V*4 •*>*■ •*AN-1 A* CASK OAA.Y '-*■». ft*® ®Y §AH«C» RS

BoCfMOF«Df iAi. AS *o*- TAfir wtul TA ur*fc K1 f 5

roe oFfiC* us*h*a»oo« *aa-a>jc*

V/OO* rtANlAHWtAWaoft 5Ak»C

AfTe* Transaction ha tAansawhi *

0*<iVAi<» VAN

IfO W fAW T Ot/TTftriL«wHO

SoCiT;

'T h i r t yT*«0 Sum OC - D*«

U*HO[ RAND « !

30 ~oluU l1- 5 6 7 5 - * ° -

PO W* HAVf V0U*. »fW AB0AU6 MfT OHi U MVJW* AD«*S*

t h a n d i K U B E K O•JkHt I* ftLOC *■ L * T W

S»*W ATL*lf -

»AT£. ( ' »■?■« 3.FO* Otpts uSt

PA9S>°°<c »Ai-AmU V>«»on Sau»o

a rfif taawS action.

32 LEARN AND TEACH

A. Deposit Slip - th is is the fo rm you f i l l in, when you want to pu t money in your account.

B. Cash w ithdrawal - th is is the fo rm you f i l l in when you want to take money out of your account.

C. Drawer - this is the person, company or organization (in this case Le3rn and Teach) that pays the money to the b u ild in g society. The b u ild in g society gives the money to Thandi Kubek3 because he ' name is on the cheque

Fill in the formsYou want to withdraw R20,65 fro me building society. Fill in the right form.You want to deposit a cheque from Learn and leach for R30,oo. Learn and Teach nos its account at the Std bank in Jhb. You olso want to deposit R30,48 in cash. Fill in the right form.

B»jtLiy*J4$ecj*TY DEPOSIT SUP DC*osrro57RC>Kie

ACCOUNT Mvwef■

C U f N T '5 M A * f MAAM V1M( K L IW T DAT £ o n

R o*t> C

C A S * - K OK TA KT

CASK T S A K J f t A A I C r n o H A l « < *

KOW TAMT O O K t B > » » « / » « * » K x J i

POSTAL O R D B B W S O R » « * S

C H j e u e s - t j B s

T ; & » w e * - 7 R * * X J S . B a m a r o w *

_T 0 Y A L - TOTa A L *

C A SH W TTHOIUW AL ifOMrANT o*/rr*iK«j»a Hetus'y

tws So* w - t»i VAVJ

ht v, w a f **0.

RA«£ c

IV BLOCK. U irT C M

fO U JSf

?AfO»WY

A jc v e \ X J tn .1 S a l AS *©#»Mt At cash o*r-r am ®y jUNUtS

TAHf IftXUCftAA* mi5 S*C3 W> 8 t fT A D £ o ft % A » k 1 f <13

ro* o fn o usxftAMKtOfk JALPO”

a f t *« T*A*iAm o*« eNA TftANtAXfIC h

itI *M$t«XX*Ai.A*<C£ *A**.*0£K S A '*» o

Tu*MMcrtPt: ^ A f T f* T*AWS ACH p

33 LEARN AND TEACH

Why do people use a building society

Most people d o n 't want to keep money at home. People th ink it is safer to keep money in a build ing society or bank. I t is a good w a / to save money. Also you get some interest on your money.

What does the build ing society do w ith your m oney7

The build ing society uses your money. They lend the money to people or companies. These people must p a / t w.e money back. They must p^y q&ck mere money than they taKe out. This is how the ouild ing society makes money.

Fill in the missing wordsThandi wonts to save money. She________ moneyinto o building_________ 5he opens a _______________account for her savings. She also opens o n __________^-------------------- ------ So she con ta ke ________ outwhen she needs to.Here are the missing words: society, ordinary savings occount, deposits, fixed deposit, money.

Get the next ten copies of Learn & Teach for R2,50.Send a postal order to Learn and Teach

Po box 11074 Johannesburg 2000

Please write your name and address clearly.People in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia,Swaziland, Zimbabwe, must send R3,50.

34LEARN AND TEACH

was a lonelu \ in £he ghett.

Now I'm a

Sloppy andi-i«*6 have been [ /twenty uears ago SavCJl *{Yom*The H o m e l a n d ' m o t h e r and XSloppy has wet his father...

<^oar 1lived in the o\d •township- We were happ$-We had a t o a b ^ b o ^ '

T h en th e ^overment sa id we rnu&t move -from th e old /townshiff Tneu,said we p u NGfj could not own land

^ V' We did not want to move. We organised our$>elves.Thent>he

police came. Man^ people were ^wrested. Your mother and X went to ^aU too --

We $ave ^ou to my cousin ^aVe. We asked h im to

* When we came Out of prison, we went back to the old township. Bufc

J 4 - . . Hi -TL J. _____a fte r uou the old township was gone. They werelook aVter tt,u... ^ & pe2pler «

For m on th s w e tr ie d t o ■find 3ake and o u r Son. But

we cou ld not find you. fh e n w e gave a p h o p e .'

ttxVtf >

["W e Were sa d th a t our boa was * M o s t . B u t t h e r e w a s noth ing w eC ould do. And t h e n ,a b o u t a m onth

a a o , i s a w a cop y o f "/.earn and Teach” l m a q ^ in e .', I saw t h e stortj about Sloppt

Abh L

* I went to the offices o? ‘Xearn and "Teach? The people there $ave me ^umpt^s address...

LJ t>old l>amp^ St>onj...’ ;You m e a n S lo p p y i s n o t an o r p h a n ? X -P t h a t i s t r u e , m & u b e h e c a n c o m e b a c k t o t o w n T He^ H e ^ ta c ia -r . We m u s t <$° a n d f e t c h h im . .

Dumpy went to a sk SladuS to help him rescue Sloppy a n dj » i « ie . . .

P u m p t^ rn i^ t o v e ' X You c a m e t o s e e me f

IDumpy and Ql&du*> w e n t t o S e e L i m e '5 b ro th er ,T h a b o .

I 'CfJ

We drove to "The Homeland" in -fhabo's truck. When we got there we saw a yitheriny of “people. We were surprised -bo see you speaking to so mantj people.ihen Qladip saw a

man truinq to shoot*5o u ‘ *

The rest o f the story you know/

Heyta c*aar.r Now! can Stay in the city "

(

CSC3B®,

V fc -r:

•y

PT

There is a KnocK on the door. 5loppt\ answers the door... ~

Father, who is this l o v e ly o ld >

»c *

Hallo, m akcti/ 2 . iz x ie ,m e e t , [ * « " « • ' V l t ase 9c andmother artd -father/ * * u<buu some beer and

twncTj^4 I eome meat / w’e must~ ~ : f a m i ly

i s u n i t e d £ ' J n / >

A few months later... Sloppy has just finished building a shack for lizzie and himself.. -

There we are f A/ow we have a home okour own ^

a few weeks later... Sloppy/’ Stopper I Jp

think the baby is r cominq. )fcu must f ftaKe me to hoe pita! - j 1

Mmroeee VleeQfff m-must c-caU

^ a - a - a v t - t a * i f ;

Hurr hurr^'faxi driver/ 7>on'-t stop at no red \ight5- f aster faster/ Step on the $as ,man, dont waste tim e r -

3 c 1

j c o

aM -:-™ D0C.% 'B rQ B0

Later that night,/.izzie has a babtj boyfHeuta daar/

What shall we call him?

Collection Number: AK2117 DELMAS TREASON TRIAL 1985 - 1989 PUBLISHER: Publisher:-Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand Location:-Johannesburg ©2012

LEGAL NOTICES:

Copyright Notice: All materials on the Historical Papers website are protected by South African copyright law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, or otherwise published in any format, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Disclaimer and Terms of Use: Provided that you maintain all copyright and other notices contained therein, you may download material (one machine readable copy and one print copy per page) for your personal and/or educational non-commercial use only.

People using these records relating to the archives of Historical Papers, The Library, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, are reminded that such records sometimes contain material which is uncorroborated, inaccurate, distorted or untrue. While these digital records are true facsimiles of the collection records and the information contained herein is obtained from sources believed to be accurate and reliable, Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand has not independently verified their content. Consequently, the University is not responsible for any errors or omissions and excludes any and all liability for any errors in or omissions from the information on the website or any related information on third party websites accessible from this website.

This document is part of a private collection deposited with Historical Papers at The University of the Witwatersrand.