the world wide web 1. structure for the internet the internet is organized around four network...
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The World Wide Web
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Structure for the Internet
• The Internet is organized around four network access points (NAPs).
• A different company operates each of these NAPs.
• These companies sell access to the Internet through their NAPs to organizations and businesses.
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Structure of the InternetNetwork Access Points On The Internet Backbone
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How the Internet WorksWhat is an Internet service provider (ISP)?
• A business that has a permanent Internet connection
• Provides temporary connections to individuals and companies for free or for a fee
4p. 2.5
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How the Internet WorksHow can you connect to the Internet?
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High speed connection• Employees• Computers part of a local area network (LAN)• Connect to service provider through a high-speed connection
line leased from local telephone company
Dial-up access• Home or small business
• Computer, modem, regular telephone line
• Dial into an ISP or OSP
Newer high-speed technologies• Home and small business
• Digital subscriber line (DSL) – provides high-speed Internet connections over regular copper telephone line
• Cable modem- provides high-speed Internet connections through cable television network
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How the Internet WorksWhat is an Internet protocol (IP) address?• Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device
connected to the Internet• Four groups of numbers, each separated by a period• Number in each group is between 0 and 255
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IP address 199.95.72.10
first part identifies network
last part identifies specific
computer
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Tim Berners-Lee
• Created the World Wide Web
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Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at MIT
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How the Internet WorksWhat is a domain name?• Text version of an IP address• Components are separated by periods• Each domain name represents one or more IP addresses
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IP address 199.95.72.10
Domain name www.scsite.com
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How the Internet WorksWhat is a top-level domain (TLD) abbreviation?• Identifies the type of organization associated with the
domain• Sometimes called dot com when TLD is com
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TLD Abbreviation Type of DomainCom Commercial organizations,
businesses, and companies
Edu Educational institutions
Gov Government agencies
Mil Military organizations
Net Network provider
Org Non-profit organizations
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The World Wide WebWhat is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL)?
• Unique address for a Web page• Browser retrieves a Web page by using the URL• Also called a Web address• Type the URL into the address text box on the browser and press
the Enter key to display a Web page
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http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html
address text box
address text box
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The World Wide WebWhat are the parts of a URL?
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protocol domain name path
Click to view Web Linkthen click URLs
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html
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History of the InternetWho controls the Internet?• The Internet is a public, cooperative, and independent
network• No single entity controls or owns the Internet• Several organizations advise and define standards
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World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
• Oversees research and sets standards and guidelines
Internet2 (I2)
• Internet-related research and development project
• Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies
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The World Wide WebWhat is the World Wide Web (WWW)?• Also known as the Web• A worldwide collection of electronic documents• Each document on the Web is called a Web page• Can contain text, graphics, sound, and video• Can contain built-in connections to other documents• A Web site is a collection of related Web pages
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The World Wide WebWhat is a Web browser?• Also called a browser
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Software program that allows you to access and view Web pages
Two popular browsers for personal computers• Chrome
• Internet Explorerp. 2.9 Fig. 2-6
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The World Wide WebWhat is downloading?
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The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer
from a server on the Internet
Can take from a few seconds to several minutes
You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only
text in most Web browsers
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The World Wide WebWhat is a hyperlink?
• Also called a link• Built-in connection to
another related Web page or part of a Web page
• Allows you to obtain information in a nonlinear way
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The World Wide WebWhat is a search engine?• A software program you can use to find Web sites,
Web pages and Internet files
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Search text
A word or phrase entered in the search
engine’s text box
Also called keywords
Spider
A program that reads pages on Web sites in
order to find Web pages that contain the
search text
Also called a crawler or bot
25 Facts About WWW
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Quiz Monday
Topics:
•Internet•Networking•Protocols
Sources:
•Blown to Bits reading•Definitions packet•Chapters 15 and 16 of textbook•Documents and powerpoints posted on website•TCP/IP OSI foldable
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Format:
T/F, MC, Short answer, Long answer
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• a contagious idea 7 min• https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=IaypOoVhqWc
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