theory activity for 02,03(qurrat)

7/27/2019 Theory Activity for 02,03(Qurrat)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/theory-activity-for-0203qurrat 1/11

RANGERS PUBLIC SCHOOL AND COLLEGECAMBRIDGE SECTION

BIOLOGY THEORY ACTIVITY FOR 02 &03

Question 1 Fig. 1.1 is a flow diagram which shows some of the stages in the manufactureof a type of cheese.

(a) Identifythe type of

microorganism added to the milk. ..................................................[1](b) Use the information from Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 to describe the function of thesemicroorganisms in this process.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[3](c) The enzyme which curdles milk can be obtained from the alimentary canal of a youngmammal. Suggest from which part of the alimentary canal the enzyme is obtained.State a reason for your answer.part of alimentary canal ....................................................................................................reason ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2](d) Fig. 1.3 shows how milk is treated before it is used to make a cheese-like product P.After this treatment, it undergoes a process similar to the one shown in Fig. 1.1. Theend-product has a flavour and texture similar to cheese, but it is considered to be

healthier to eat.



(i) Suggest which feature of the manufacturing process in Fig. 1.3 may make product Phealthier to eat than cheese................................................................................................................................[1](ii) State two possible harmful effects of eating cheese often and in large quantities.1. ..............................................................................................................................2. ..........................................................................................................................[2]

[Total:9]question 2 Fig. 1.1a shows the absorption and release of gases by an animal and by aleaf of aplant during the day.

(a) Name(i) gas A. .................................................(ii) gas B. .................................................[2]

(iii) On Fig. 1.1b, place arrow heads on the four lines to indicate the movement of thesame gases during the hours of darkness. [3]

(b) Explain why, in the early morning and in the evening, there is no overall movementof gases into or out of the leaf............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................[3](c) The animal eats the leaf.Name a chemical substance in the leaf that(i) will provide the animal with energy,............................................................(ii) the animal will use for growth.............................................................[2] [Total: 10]

Question 3 Fig. 3.1 represents part of a starch molecule.

(a) (i) Name the enzyme in the human alimentary canal that digests this molecule................................................................................................................................[1](ii) In the space below, draw a diagram to show the result of this enzyme’s action onthe starch molecule. [1](iii) List the regions in the alimentary canal where this enzyme is active................................................................................................................................[2](b) Olestra is a synthetic, edible fat similar to naturally-occurring saturated (animal) fats.



The human alimentary canal and associated organs cannot produce an appropriateenzyme to act on it.(i) State a process that all fats, including olestra, undergo in the alimentary canal................................................................................................................................[1](ii) State two processes that all fats, other than olestra, undergo in the alimentarycanal.1 ................................................................................................................................2 ............................................................................................................................[2](c) Suggest two health-related advantages of using olestra in food preparation.1. ......................................................................................................................................2. ..................................................................................................................................[2](d) Suggest a possible disadvantage of using olestra.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total : 10]

Question 4. (a) (i) Name the process by which plants manufacture carbohydratesfrom rawmaterials.......................................................................................................................[1]Starch is an insoluble carbohydrate stored inside plant cells.(ii) Explain why starch is a more suitable storage substance than the soluble sugarglucose..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2](b) Before a plant can use it, the stored starch must first be broken down by an enzyme.Fig. 1.1 shows the ‘lock and key ’ hypothesis of how enzymes work.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................[3](c) In an investigation, two plants were grown in a solution containing mineral ionsIncluding nitrate and magnesium. Plant A was provided with air containing oxygen andplant B was provided with air from which the oxygen had been removed. Fig. 1.2 showsthe plants after a period of growth in these conditions.



Suggest reasons for the increased growth of the plant in the solution supplied with aircontaining oxygen.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................[4] [Total: 10]Question 5 Fig. 1.1 shows a water plant and Fig. 1.2 shows a section through one of itsleaves.

(a) Identify the types of cell found at A, B and C.

A ..........................................................B ..........................................................C .......................................................... [3](b) (i) Suggest a function of the air chambers in Fig. 1.2 related to maintaining theposition of the leaf....................................................................................................................................(ii) State a different function of the air chambers which helps photosynthesis................................................................................................................................[2](c) State three ways in which the structure of this leaf differs from that of a typical plantgrowing on land.1. ......................................................................................................................................2. ......................................................................................................................................



3. ..................................................................................................................................[3](d) Fig. 1.3 shows the water plant from Fig. 1.1 as it looks when it is not in the water.Fig. 1.4 shows a plant growing on land.

Question 6. Fig. 1.1 shows a cell from an organism.

(a) (i) In which type of living organism are cells similar to the one shown in Fig. 1.1normally found?...............................................................................................................................[1](ii) State two reasons for your choice of living organism in (i).1. ...............................................................................................................................2. ...........................................................................................................................[2]Fig. 1.2(a) shows the same cell after it had been placed in solution A for ten minutes.

The cell was then transferred to solution B and Fig. 1.2(b) shows how it appeared after afurther ten minutes.

(b) Explain what has occurred to cause the cell to appear as it does in Fig. 1.2(a)...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[3](c) Compared with the water potential of the cell, what can be deduced about solutions

Aand B?Solution A .........................................................................................................................Solution B .....................................................................................................................[2](d) What will be found in region C in Fig. 1.2(b) at the end of the experiment?..........................................................................................................................................Explain your answer................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. [2]



[Total: 10]Question 7. (a) Describe how the products of fat digestion enter a person’s blood...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[4]Fig. 1.1 shows apparatus at the start of an experiment to investigate the digestion of anemulsion of fat droplets in water by enzyme A.

The pH indicator is green in a pH of 7, blue when the pH is above 7 and red when it isbelow 7.

The apparatus is kept at 40 °C for 20 minutes during which time the indicator changesfrom green to red.(b) (i) State the identity of enzyme A.................................................................................(ii) Explain why the apparatus was kept at 40 °C.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2](c) Name the products of digestion of the emulsion by enzyme A.......................................................................................................................................[2](d) Describe the processes which led to the change in pH....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 10]

Question 8 Fig. 2.1 shows a comparison of water vapour loss by a plant growing in dampsoil and a plant growing in dry soil.



(a) (i) State the term for the loss of water vapour by a plant...............................................................................................................................[1](ii) State the time of day when the total water vapour loss from the two plants takentogether is the greatest...............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) (i) Explain the rise in the rate of water vapour loss between 08:00 and 10:00 by theplant in damp soil.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[4](ii) Suggest why the rate of water vapour loss from the plant in dry soil decreasedduring the same period of time.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2](c) Suggest why the temperature of the plant in dry soil may be higher at mid-day thanthatof the plant in damp soil.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 10]Question 9. When a strip of filter paper is soaked in cobalt chloride solution, it is pinkwhendamp and turns blue when dry.Fig. 3.1 shows strips of dry cobalt chloride paper on the upper and lower surfaces of aleaf, pressed between dry glass slides.

A student used this method to investigate the time taken for strips of cobalt chloridepaper to turn from blue to pink. The experiment was performed five times. The resultsare shown in Table 3.2.

(a) (i) State the most likely conclusion that could be drawn from the results of Experiments 1, 2, 4 and 5.



..................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................[1](ii) Suggest an explanation for the results of these experimentsfor the upper surface of the leaf,......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................for the lower surface of the leaf...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[4](b) Suggest two possible reasons for the result obtained for the strip attached to the

Upper surface of the leaf in experiment 3.1. .....................................................................................................................................2. .................................................................................................................................[2](c) Suggest how the student could improve the reliability of this experiment...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[1](d) Suggest how the student could show that the concentration of water vapour comingout of a leaf is greater than its concentration in the atmosphere...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[2] [Total: 10]Question 10. In an experiment to investigate starch production by a plant, three similarplants,each with variegated (green and white) leaves were set up as shown in Fig. 2.1.

(a) Name the process that produces starch in the leaves..............................................................................[1](b) At the start of the experiment, each jar contained atmospheric air.



Name a gas, other than oxygen and carbon dioxide, which was present in the air insidethe jars.............................................................................. [1](c) Explain how the conditions in Jar L make it a control.......................................................................................................................................[1](d) At the end of the experiment, a leaf was taken from each plant and tested for thepresence of starch. On the outlines in Fig. 2.2, clearly label the colours of each leaf after the starch test. Do not colour in the leaves.

(e) When the air was first trapped under the jars, it contained 0.04% carbon dioxide. Foreach of the jars, explain why this percentage has changed by the end of the experiment.

Jar L ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Jar M ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Jar N .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[6] [Total: 12]Question 11. (a) Fig. 5.1 shows the effect of temperature on the activity of enzyme E.

(i) State the optimum temperature for enzyme E. .................[1](ii) Suggest a possible identity for enzyme E, where it is found, and its function.identity of enzyme E ...............................................where it is found .......................................................................................................function .....................................................................................................................

[3](b) Fig. 5.2 shows the effect of temperature on the activity of another enzyme, F.



State and explain what would happen to the activity of enzyme E at the optimumtemperature for enzyme F..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 8]Question 12.8. Explain what is meant by the following terms:1. Ingestion2. Digestion3. Absorption [6] (b) where, in a mammal, are the following substance stored, and what part does eachplay n a mammals metabolism?A. Carbohydrates [4]B. fats

[Total: 10]Question 13 (a) State the differences between osmosis and active transport. [3](b) Describe an example of active transport in(i) a plant and(ii) a human being.In each case, explain the importance of the transported substances. [7]

[Total: 10]Question 14 Describe the functions in a plant of (a) cell walls, [5](b) cell membranes. [5]

[Total: 10]Question 15 (a) Show, by means of a table, how red and white blood cells differ in

structure andfunction.[4](b) what change are made to the blood as it flows through

1. The lungs.[2]

2. The kidneys? [4]

(c) Describe how the blood clots to seal a wound in the skin.



[Total: 10]Question 16 (a) Explain how energy is trapped by a plant, stored and then releasedseveral days later.

[7](b) Explain why a plant growing in soil deficient in magnesium stores far less energy thanonegrowing in soil rich in magnesium.[3] [Total: 10]

Question 17. (a) Explain how xylem is suited to its functions in a plant. [7](b) Suggest why some insects that are parasitic on plants obtain their food from thephloem,rather than from the xylem. [3] [Total: 10]Question 18(a) State the differences between osmosis and active transport. [3](b) Describe an example of active transport in(i) a plant and(ii) a human being.In each case, explain the importance of the transported substances.

[7] [Total: 10]

theory activity for 02,03(qurrat)

Documents