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© ZAE Bayern TRT Workshop GeoPLASMA in Prague – 15.03.2017© ZAE Bayern

Bavarian Center for

Applied Energy Research

Thermal Response TestIEA ECES Annex 21, VDI 4640 Vol. 5 and EN ISO 17628

Dipl.-Phys. Manfred Reuß

ZAE Bayern, Walther-Meißner-Str.6, 85748 Garching

[email protected]; www.zae-bayern.de

© ZAE Bayern TRT Workshop GeoPLASMA in Prague – 15.03.2017 2

Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research – ZAE Bayern

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IEA - International Energy Agency

29 member countries (OECD)

IEA TCP - IEA Technology Collaboration Programs

IEA ECES - Energy Storage

Annex 21 – Thermal Response Test

Annex 27 – Quality Management of Borehole Heat Exchangers

IEA ECES Annex 21


Annex 21 was proposed at the Ecostock Conference 2006 in USA

It was approved by the ECES ExCo 2007

Start Nov. 2007 (Kick-off in Germany)

End Dec. 2010

Participating countries

10 officially participating countries:

Canada, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Korea, Sweden, Norway, Spain

The Netherlands and Turkey

6 observing countries:

Argentina, Austria, Belgium, China, Switzerland and USA

IEA ECES Annex 21


IEA ECES ANNEX 21: OBJECTIVES

Annex 21 Objectives

Compilation of TRT experiences worldwide to identify problems

Further developments

Dissemination of gained knowledge and

Promotion of the technology


Content

Sub-task 1. TRT state-of-the-art Study

➢ Purpose of TRT

design values, R&D, quality control

➢ Potential applications

BHEs, energy piles, horizontal ground collectors

➢ Description of experimental setups in use in different countries

➢ Test procedure

like heat injection or extraction

➢ Evaluation models

analytical or numerical models

➢ Theoretical background – basics for TRT

➢ Lists of references

➢ Experiences from ‘non-mobile’ measurements

IEA ECES Annex 21


Content

Sub-task 2. New Developments

➢ Method to determine undisturbed ground temperature

➢ Continuous temperature logging in several depths while testing

➢ Groundwater influence

➢ TRT while drilling

➢ TRT for special geometries like energy piles and horizontal ground collectors

➢ The Swiss Fish method etc.

➢ Pulse test

IEA ECES Annex 21


Content

Sub-task 3. Evaluation methods and developments

➢ Comparison of equipment

➢ Comparison of test procedure

➢ Comparison of evaluation methods

➢ Software for automatic evaluations: Common evaluation tool

➢ comparative evaluation of reference test data: Common data set for evaluation

➢ include heat capacity cp in the evaluation: Modified test procedure e.g. pulse

test

➢ evaluation during testing e.g. to determine duration: Useful to determine test

duration

➢ work out system design models which are especially based on TRT results:

Use the same model for evaluation of test and for design

IEA ECES Annex 21


Content

Sub-task 4. Standard TRT Procedures

➢ Initiate a worldwide TRT standard:

Start with ASHREA test procedure completed by experiences from different

testing groups

➢ TRT for commissioning, quality control and for failure analysis. For these

purposes requirements have to be defined.

Sub-task 5. Dissemination Activities

➢ Invitation to “new” countries – workshop and courses on how to use TRT

➢ Common website of compiled TRT information

➢ best practice document

➢ reports

IEA ECES Annex 21


Content (3 p.)

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Definitions

4 Abbreviations

VDI 4640 Vol. 5 - Thermal Response Test


Content (16 p.)

5 Thermal response test

5.1 Theoretical background

line source model, extent of validity, cylinder source, numerical evaluation

5.2 TRT-equipment and set-up

5.3 TRT performance

requirements on the site (other activities while testing), determination of test

parameter, connection of TRT to the BHE, undisturbed ground temperature,

performance of measurement

5.4 Requirements on sensors and data acquisition

5.5 Evaluation of measured data

heating period, convergence of results, forward and backward evaluation,

minimum time criterion, groundwater influence, correct use of results

5.6 Documentation of results



Content (6 p.)

6 Extended methods and supplementary measurement to TRT

6.1 Measurement of depth-resolved temperature profiles

measurement method, results and derivable parameters

6.2 Depth-resolved TRT

electric heating, heating via fluid

6.3 Test for exclusion of vertical permeability in the annular space of BHE

6.4 Test for determination of the real length of the BHE

6.5 Multi-pulse test

analytical solution, test repetition



Content (12 p.)

Bibliography

Appendix A Example of a questionnaire regarding site data

Appendix B Example of a test report

B1 Introduction

B2 Theoretical background

B3 Experimental set-up

B4 Test performance and evaluation

B5 Summary and conclusions



EN ISO 17628:2015

Geotechnical investigation and testing -- Geothermal testing --

Determination of thermal conductivity of soil and rock using a

borehole heat exchange (16 p.)

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Symbols and abbreviations

5 Installation of borehole heat exchangers

5.1 Drilling rig an ancillary equipment

5.2 Borehole heat exchangers, filling and annular space filling materials

5.3 General requirements prior to installation

5.4 Execution


EN ISO 17628:2015

Geotechnical investigation and testing – cont. (7 p.)

6 Geothermal response testing

6.1 General

6.2 Test equipment

6.3 test procedure

6.4 Test results

6.5 Evaluation of the test results

7 Report

7.1 Field report

7.2 Report of the results


EN ISO 17628:2015

Geotechnical investigation and testing – cont. (7 p.)

Annex A: Example of a form for the preliminary information on the intended installation of heat exchanger

Annex B: Field reports

B1 Record of the installation of the heat exchanger tubes

B2 Annular space filling record

B3 Checking record

B4 Record of measured values and test results

B5 Record of evaluated test results

Annex C: Example of the graphical presentation of the installed borehole heat exchanger and geology along the borehole

Bibliography


CONCLUSIONS

➢ IEA ECES Annex 21 – international experts group from 16 participating countries

▪ Summary of the state-of-the-art

▪ New developments

▪ Evaluation methods and developments

▪ Standard TRT Procedures

▪ Dissemination Activities

➢ IEA ECES Annex 21 elaborated the basis for development of TRT standards

➢ VDI 4640 Vol. 5 “Thermal Use of the Underground – Thermal Response Test” was

the 1st guideline based on the results of Annex 21 and further experts

➢ VDI 4640/5 gives detailed information and requirements on TRT

theory, limitations of models, experimental set-up, monitoring equipment, how to

perform a TRT, evaluation of results

➢ EN ISO 17628 is considering the TRT only superficially

poor description, no theoretical background, limitations regarding the application of

the model (e.g. line source) are not given

© ZAE Bayern TRT Workshop GeoPLASMA in Prague – 15.03.2017 18© ZAE Bayern

Thank you for your attention

18

The German participation in IEA ECES Annex 21 was part of the project “ Quality Management of Borehole

Heat Exchangers and Ground Heat Collectors”. This project was funded by the Federal Ministry of

Economy and Technology based on a decision of the Federal Parliament (FKZ: 0327453A).

The authors thank for this support

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