thermoacoustic refrigeration
DESCRIPTION
thermoacoustic refrigeration ,uses ,market analysis,comparison etc....TRANSCRIPT
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TAR
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THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION
BY
BHAVYA RANI U
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PRESENTATION TOPIC
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
THERMOACOUSTIC CYCLE
FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMOACOUSTIC THEORY
DESGN
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
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UNPRESSURIED SYSTEM
AIR AS GAS MEDIUM
LOUDSPEAKER AS ACOUUSTIC DRIVER
VARIABLE DESIGN[STACK]
THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION IS UTILIZATION OF ACOUSTIC POWER TO GENERATE TEMPERATURE DIFFRENCE
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Convention refrigerator
• Compressor
• refrigerants
Thermo acoustic refrigerator
• Loudspeaker
• Inert gases
Difference between convention refrigeration and thermo acoustic refrigeration
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THERMOACOUSTIC’S BENEFIT
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
• NO CFC EMISSION
DESIGN
• SIMPLE AND ROBUST DESIGN
PRODUCTION
• COST EFFICIENT MANUFACTURING
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Motivation
• Pros– Uses sound for refrigeration –no harmful
chemicals (CFC’s, HFC’s, HCFC’s)
– Few moving parts—more reliable
– Not harmful to the environment
• Cons– Most efficient is approaching 40% of Carnot limit
– 20-30% overall efficiency
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MAIN PROTOTYPE COMPONENTS
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• POWER CAPACITY
• FREQUENCY RESPONSE
CONSIDERATION
• 10 INCH
• OPERATING AT LOW FREQUENCY
• 400W MAX POWER
CHOICE
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CONSIDERATION
• PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
• SEALING
• COST
CHOISE
• AIR
• ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
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CONSIDERATIONS•LENGTH•DIAMETER•SOUND REFLECTION•LOW ACOUSTIC LOSSES•SOUND TRANSMISSION
CHOICE•1.5” PVC TUBE
•FLAT END
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CONSIDERATIONS
GAP SIZEMATERIAL PROPERTIESMATERIAL THICKNESSLOCATIONLENGTHDOES NOT IMPEDE WAVE
CHOICE
PAPER ALUMINUM SCREEN
STACK
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ConsiderationsMaterialType
ChoiceAluminumWater Circulated
HEAT EXCHANGERS
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DESIGN OPTIMIZATION FLOW CHART
TARGET PARAMETER
RESONATOR LENGTH
OPERATING CONDITION
FABRICATION CONVERGE
OPTIMISATION
FREQUENCYAVERAGE PRESSURE
TYPE OF GAS STACK
MATERIALSTACK
LOCATION
WAVE LENGTH
DYNAMIC PRESURRE
THERMAL CONDUCTIVIT
Y
SPECIFIC HEAT
CAPACITY
STACK SPACING
STACK GEOMETRY
RESONATOR GEOMETRY
POWER/BOUNDRY LAY ER TRADE
OFF
HEAT ADDITION
TEMPARATURE
HEAT REJECTION
TEMPERATURE
COOLING TEMPERATURE
COOLING POWER
MAXIMISE ENGINE
EFFICIENCY
MAXIMISE REFRIGERATOR
COP
MAXIMISE OVERALL COP
MINIMISE SIZE
MAXIMISE POWER
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ASSUMPTIONS• WAVE PROPOGATION IS AXIAL AND PLAIN• WAVE MOTION PROCESS ARE ISENTROPIC • THE WORKING FLUID’S OF VISCOUS FORCE ARE NEGLIGIBLE• THE RESONATOR AND COMPONENTS ARE ACOUSTICALLY RIGID• THE MEAN TEMPERATURE IS MUCH LARGER THAN DEVOLPED TEMPERATURE GRADIENT •THE ACOUSTIC WAVE LENGTH IS MUCH LARGER THAN THE STACK LENGH
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MOVING COIL LOUDSPEAKER• INSIDE 2 MAGNETS WITH METAL COIL BETWEEN THEM, CURRENT IS INDUCED CAUSING
COIL TO MOVE• CREATES SOUND WAVES UP TO 200 DB!
RESONATOR— WHERE GAS COOLING AND COMPRESSION TAKE PLACE•USES INERT GAS, COMMONLY HELIUM
STACK• SERIES OF SMALL PARALLEL CHANNELS THROUGH WHICH PRESSURE AND VELOCITY OF WAVES CHANGE• IN BETWEEN THE HEAT EXCHANGERS
HEAT EXCHANGERS• HOT HEAT EXCHANGER TO REMOVE EXCESS HEAT• COLD HEAT EXCHANGER FOR REFRIGERATION
HOW IT WORKS
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EFFICIENCY
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APPLICATION
NASA
• PRESERVE BLOOD AND URINE SAMPLES
• STAR USED
FOR SPACE SHUTTLE MISSION
US NAVY
• WANTS ACOUSTIC REFRIGERATORS FOR SUBMARINES NO HARMFUL FLUIDS
• REFRIGERANT LEAKS ON SUBS ARE A DEADLY PROBLEM
• COOL RADAR ELECTRONICS ONBOARD WARSHIP
POTENTIAL
• SATELLITE SENSOR
• SUPERFAST COMPUTER
• BEN &JERRYS ICE CREAM STORAGE CONTAINERS
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A/C and Refrigeration Technologies Compared
Technology
Under DevelopmentCurrent Technology
Recently Introduced
Technology
Recently Introduced
Technology
Relative Performance
MeasuresThermoacoustics Vapor Compression Hydrocarbons Carbon Dioxide
Ozone Depletion Potential None CFCs, HCFCs None None
Greenhouse Effects None Very High Low Low
Energy Efficiency - power
gridHigh Moderate Moderate High Moderate
Energy Efficiency - solar
power100% Not Practical Not Practical Not Practical
Operating Mode Proportional On/Off On/Off On/Off
Initial Equipment Costs Low High High Very High
Maintenance Costs None Moderate Moderate Moderately High
Operating Life Cycle Very Long Moderate Moderate Moderate
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MARKET REPORTAS PER TEKIN OZCAY IN CANADA
THE STUDY IS MAINLY BASED ON THE SECONDARY RESEARCH THAT IS CONDUCTED ON WIDE VARIETY OF RELEVANT MATERIALS
MARKET SIZE: 830,000 REFRIGERATORS ANNUALLY SOLD IN CANADA
SALES OF MAJOR HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES: $ 1.4 BILLION
COMPETITION: ELECTROLUX (FRIGIDAIRE)
GENERAL ELECTRIC
KENMORE
MAYTAG
WHIRLPOOL
PLUS 30 OTHERS
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CONCLUSION
• A THERMO ACOUSTIC ENGINE STUDIES IN THE COMBINED THERMO ACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATOR SYSTEMS AREA ARE ONLY A HANDFUL
• THIS WORK IS ONLY ONE IN OPEN LITERATURE TO USE STANDING WAVE THERMO ACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR SYSTEMS TO COOL HIGH TEMPERATURES
• ANALYSIS OF TAR CAN BE OBTAINED BY SOFTWARE DELTA WHICH IS
USED TO INVESTIGATE PARAMETERS LIKE PRESSURE ,TYPE OF GAS FREQUENCY
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REFERENCES
• A THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATORSYSTEM FOR SPACE EXPLORATION MISSION BY SUDEEP SASTRY
• THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION BY STEVEN L GARRET AND THOMAS J HOFLER
• EVALUATION OF THERMO ACOUSTIC CYCLES FOR COOLING APPLICATIONS BY INSU PAEK*, JAMES E. BRAUN, AND LUC MONGEAU RAY W. HERRICK LABORATORIES, SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, PURDUE UNIVERSITY WEST LAFAYETTE, INDIANA, USA
• MARKET FEASIBILITY STURY OF THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATION BY TEKIN OZCAY
• DESIGN OF THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR BY ANDERS MURILLO MILLIKEN TAYLER
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