CULTURAL GEOMETRYDIFFERENT FACETS OF DISCIPLINE AND BEHAVIOR

VICKY HUANGSenior Thesis 2 | Juliette Cezzar | Spring 2013

THESIS STATMENT

TARGET AUDIENCE: EDUCATORS, TEACHERS, TEENS

Schools today are more culturally diverse than ever before. This kit for educators

examines cultural differences and the influences of a student’s heritage on learning

style preferences, behavior patterns, and deeply held values, each of which

influence child development differently. Also, some cultural practices might be

misunderstood as child abuse in other cultures. However, this is not to stereotype

or overgeneralize different cultures. All behaviors can be found in all cultural

groups and some behaviors are demonstrated more in some cultures than in others.

The main objective of this kit is to broaden the cultural knowledge of educators with

respect to teaching culturally diverse students. At the same time, it encourages an

open mind and invites the educator to engage in a self-examination of his / her own

beliefs regarding discipline, childrearing practices, and abuse.

TARGET AUDIENCE: CHILDREN

Included with the kit is a card game to be played with children. The game aims to

educate them about appropriate and inappropriate childrearing practices by observing

the behaviors and suggesting where to look for help. This kit would be introduced

in schools and community services where teachers, educators, and volunteers would

assist children with the game as well play with them. The more they play, the more

they develop distinction between child abuse and discipline. They will then be able

to recognize their own situations and problems, and seek interventions.

GAME RULE

TARGET AUDIENCE: EDUCATORS, TEACHERS, TEENS

2 – 5 Players

PLEASE MATCH THE CARDS BY COLORS AND THE CONTENT!

1. Simply mix and match the cards by colors and the clues. Discuss the cases as the

game goes along.

2. The cards are separated by two categories – race with clue, and definitions or

descriptions. Shuffle each deck. Each player will take 3 cards from each deck and

check if they have the right match. When a player gets a match, he/she will open

it up and place in front of him/her. Same steps for each around, each person, and

at the same time. The one with most matches wins the game.

3. There will be one single deck. They are shuffled and distributed equally to each

player or some might get extra depending on the number of the players. Once the

player gets the cards, he/she will take out the right pair(s). After finishing the first

step, the oldest person will choose one direction (clockwise or counterclockwise)

to start and pick a card from the other player. It will continue to the next person

and to the next. The first player who finishes all his/her cards wins the game.

PROTOTYPES

SOURCES:

www.behavioradvisor.com/C-ChildAbuse.html

www.behavioradvisor.com/C_SenDiscip.html

Hispanic Families

CLUE:Reddened and crusty eye-margins.

Placing petroleum jelly on one’s eye areas when one has difficulty sleeping. This practice is believed to promote slumber.

Low-incomeBlack families

CLUE:“Whup” (Paddle) child if the child misbehaves.

The use of controlling and punitive child treatment is more likely to occur and may even be viewed as a sign of caring and affection by the child.

Eastern EuropeanEast Asian families

CLUE: A ring-shaped burn on the body.

Folk Medicine Eastern EuropeanEast Asian families

CLUE: Massive red streaks down the neck and going down to the back.

Folk Medicine

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “coining” where hot coins and warm oil are rubbed on the backs to relive a variety of illnesses such as muscle pains, back pain, coughs, colds, fevers, chills and symptoms related to changes in the weather.

Asian Culture

DISCIPLINE: Those whose heritage was influenced by Confusionism view the body as being more sacred as one approaches the area of the head where the soul is believed to reside. Teachers should avoid certain actions that are used to motivate and reinforce Hispanic, Arab and Black students.

DISCIPLINE: While displaying their culture's helpfulness, brotherhood or generosity, students may assist their peers or allow them to copy their answers, not considering this to be "cheating"

Hispanic, Black, Native American

COVER

CLUE: Has a pierced ear.

Vietnamese Families

Hispanic Families

CLUE: Reddened and crusty eye-margins.

Hispanic Families

CLUE: Marks on the child’s kneesand the child might be difficult to walk.

Physical Discipline

They tie a misbehaving child’s ear to a doorknob as punishment.

Placing petroleum jelly on one’s eye areas when one has difficulty sleeping. This practice is believed to promote slumber.

Folk Medicine

Kneel on uncooked rice or corn when the child misbehaves.

Physical Discipline

CLUE: Massive red streaks down the neck and going down to the back.

Eastern EuropeanEast Asian families

CLUE: The misbehaving child is isolated, withdrawing love and affection for a period of time.

American middle-class families

CLUE: A ring-shaped burn on the body.

Eastern EuropeanEast Asian families

Folk Medicine

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “coining” where hot coins and warm oil are rubbed on the backs to relive a variety of illnesses such as muscle pains, back pain, coughs, colds, fevers, chills and symptoms related to changes in the weather.

Folk Medicine

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “cupping” which involves lowering a ceramic cup, turned upside down with a candle underneath, down to the skin of the afflicted area of the body. A suctioning effect results which is believed to draw out aggravating substances.

An emotional separation from their progeny that might create feelings of rejection in the child.

Emotional Punishment

CLUE: “Whup” (Paddle) child if the child misbehaves.

Low - income Black Families

CLUE: Lye or detergent is added to the child’s bath water.

Low - income Black Families

CLUE: “Persnickety”, a pungent brew made from tobacco and added to the child’s milk.

Low - income Black Families

Physical Discipline

The use of controlling and punitive child treatment is more likely to occur and may even be viewed as a sign of caring and affection by the child.

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat the skin rashes.

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat stomach pains.

DISCIPLINE: Parents are neglectful and letting their children "run wild". Many tribes, non-interference, except in times of danger, is the guardians' policy. And they assign a great deal of the child raising responsibility to relatives, especially the grandparents.

Native American Families Culture

CLUE: Oriented behavior management techniques that avoid the expected swift physical punishment.

Middle- class Black Families

CLUE: Cuts, bruises and swelling.

Low - income Families

BEHAVIOR: Defiance may also be demonstrated because whose parents often teach them to fight to avoid being victimized in their tough neighborhoods. Growing up in these areas is more likely to produce traits that impede success in school.

Low - income Black Families

Folk Medicine

However, this may actually cause anxiety for the child.

Physical Discipline

Early independence with limited guidance of training is the norm.

The use of inconsistent and harsh physical punishment whereby children are taught to obey rather than reason.

American Culture Asian Culture

DISCIPLINE: Children are taught to lower their eyes when being disciplined as a sign of respect. The direct eye contact by these students during disciplinary situations typically indicates defiance rather than respect.

Asian, Black, andHispanic Cultures

DISCIPLINE: A child is expected to look at the authority figure when being disciplined. Lowered eyes are associated with deceit or inattention.

DISCIPLINE: Those whose heritage was influenced by Confusionism view the body as being more sacred as one approaches the area of the head where the soul is believed to reside. Teachers should avoid certain actions that are used to motivate and reinforce Hispanic, Arab and Black students.

DISCIPLINE: While displaying their culture's helpfulness, brotherhood or generosity, students may assist their peers or allow them to copy their answers, not considering this to be "cheating"

Hispanic, Black, Native American

American Culture

DISCIPLINE: Parents uses positive reinforcement procedures while limiting punishment. These majority culture parents perceive their methods as being more humane than those that incorporate physical punishment.

DISCIPLINE: Children tend to be more interested in and dependent on the approval of others. Teachers should use praise, hugs, and pats on the back and other personal contact.

Hispanic, Black, Native American

Asian Culture

BELIEF: There is a commonly held belief that one should avoid conflict or public embarrassment which would shame not only the individuals involved, but by extension, their families.

BEHAVIORS: Low income urban pupils may have developed an escape and avoidance reaction style to discipline, or come to view physical punishment as a sign of caring.

Low - income Families

BEHAVIORS: The imposition of authority in a demanding or demeaning manner typically results in passive resistance and withdrawal on the part of these pupils. Frank criticism may be perceived as a personal insult.

Hispanic, Arab, Native American

Asian Culture

BEHAVIORS: The student in the testing situation may have been trying to prevent the dishonor or humiliation of admitting that he or she was incapable of understanding the directions, or perhaps the pupil was trying to avoid humiliating the teacher for not having done a good job of explaining the task.

Asian Culture

BEHAVIORS: When a student's report on whether he or she has achieved pre-selected goals is followed by peer commentary as to whether they agree. This could be quite uncomfortable for Asian students as they might publicly "lose face" if goals have not been attained.

Massive red streaks down the neck and going down to the back.

Eastern European

East Asian families

Folk Medicine

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “coining” where hot coins and warm oil are rubbed on the backs to relive a variety of illnesses such as muscle pains, back pain, coughs, colds, fevers, chills and symptoms related to changes in the weather.

The misbehaving child is isolated, withdrawing love and affection for a period of time.

American middle-class families

A ring-shaped burn on the body.

Eastern European

East Asian families

Folk Medicine

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “cupping” which involves lowering a ceramic cup, turned upside down with a candle underneath, down to the skin of the afflicted area of the body. A suctioning effect results which is believed to draw out aggravating substances.

Has a pierced ear.

Vietnamese Families

Physical Discipline

They tie a misbehaving child’s ear to a doorknob as punishment.

“Whup” (Paddle) child if the child misbehaves.

Low - income Black Families

Physical Discipline

Hispanic Families

An emotional separation from their progeny that might create feelings of rejection in the child.

Emotional Punishment

Reddened and crusty eye-margins.

Placing petroleum jelly on one’s eye areas when one has difficulty sleeping. This practice is believed to promote slumber.

Folk Medicine

The use of controlling and punitive child treatment is more likely to occur and may even be viewed as a sign of caring and affection by the child.

Lye or detergent is added to the child’s bath water.

Low - income Black Families

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat the skin rashes.

“Persnickety”, a pungent brew made from tobacco and added to the child’s milk.

Low - income Black Families

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat stomach pains.

Hispanic Families

Marks on the child’s kneesand the child might be difficult to walk.

Kneel on uncooked rice or corn when the child misbehaves.

Physical Discipline

White Culture

The direct eye contact during disciplinary situations typically indicates defiance rather than respect.

Asian, Black, andHispanic Cultures

Children are taught to lower their eyes when being disciplined as a sign of respect.

Discipline

The imposition of authority in a demanding manner typically results in passive resistance. Frank criticism may be perceived as a personal insult.

Hispanic, Arab, Native American

An appeal to their good nature and the use of appropriate reinforcement is more productive than coercive or confrontational strategies.

Discipline

Students may assist their peers or allow them to copy their answers, not considering this to be "cheating"

Hispanic, Black, Native American

Their cooperative learning style displays their culture's helpfulness, brotherhood or generosity.

Behavior

Parents are neglectful and letting their children "run wild". Many clans and tribes assign a great deal of the child raising responsibility to relatives, especially the grandparents.

Native American Culture

Defiance may also be demonstrated because whose parents often teach them to fight to avoid being victimized in their tough neighborhoods.

Low - incomeBlack Families

Among Many tribes, it is the guardian’s policy not to interfere except in times of danger.

Behavior

Lowered eyes are associated with deceit or inattention.

Discipline

A child is expected to look at the authority figure when being disciplined.

Asian Culture

The student in the testing situation may have been trying to prevent the dishonor or humiliation of admitting that he or she was incapable of understanding the directions, or perhaps the pupil was trying to avoid humiliating the teacher for not having done a good job of explaining the task.

Behavior

They tend to avoid conflict or public embarrassment which would shame not only the individuals involved, but by extension, their families.

Asian Culture

This is quite uncomfortable when the student is being evaluated by the peer students whether he or she has achieved pre-selected goals.

Behavior

They are feared of losing pride publicly if goals have not been achieved. A private rather than public critique of behavior is the intervention of choice.

Behavior

Growing up in these areas is more likely to produce traits that impede success in school (eg. a more physical style of action, a greater approval of the use of violence, less disguised aggression, lack of subtlety in verbiage, and ridiculing of others)

White Culture

Parents uses positive reinforcement procedures while limiting punishment.

Discipline

These majority culture parents perceive their methods as being more humane than those that incorporate physical punishment.

White Culture

Lowered eyes are associated with deceit or inattention.

A child is expected to look at the authority figure when being disciplined.

Parents uses positive reinforcement procedures while limiting punishment.

These majority culture parents perceive their methods as being more humane than those that incorporate physical punishment .

The misbehaving child is isolated, withdrawing love and affection for a period of time.

White familiesHispanic Familie s

An emotional separation from their progeny that might create feelings of rejection in the child.

Emotional Punishment

Reddened and crusty eye-margins.

Placing petroleum jelly on one’s eye areas when one has difficulty sleeping. This practice is believed to promote slumbe r.

Folk Medicine

Marks on the child’ s knees and the child might be difficult to walk .

Kneel on uncooked rice or corn when the child misbehaves.

Physical Disciplin e

Hispanic Familie s White Culture

Discipline Discipline

Defiance may also be demonstrated because whose parents often teach them to fight to avoid being victimized in their tough neighborhoods.

Growing up in these areas is more likely to produce traits that impede success in school (eg. a more physical style of action, a greater approval of the use of violence, less disguised aggression, lack of subtlety in verbiage, and ridiculing of others)

“Whup” (Paddle) child if the child misbehaves.

Black Families

Physical Disciplin e

The use of controlling and punitive child treatment is more likely to occur and may even be viewed as a sign of caring and affection by the child .

Lye or detergent is added to the child’ s bath wate r.

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat the skin rashes.

“Persnickety”, a pungent brew made from tobacco and added to the child ’s milk.

Folk Medicine

This is a folk remedy to treat stomach pains .

Oriented behavior management techniques that avoid the expected swift physical punishment .

Discipline

However, this may actually cause anxiety for the child.

Black Families Black Families Black FamiliesBlack Families

Behavior

Massive red streaks down the neck and going down to the back.

East Asian families Asian Culture

The student in the testing situation may have been trying to prevent the dishonor or humiliation of admitting that he or she was incapable of understanding the directions, or perhaps the pupil was trying to avoid humiliating the teacher for not having done a good job of explaining the task.

Behavior

They tend to avoid conflict or public embarrassment which would shame not only the individuals involved, but by extension, their families.

This is quite uncomfortable when the student is being evaluated by the peer students whether he or she has achieved pre-selected goals.

They are feared of losing pride publicly if goals have not been achieved. A private rather than public critique of behavior is the intervention of choice.

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “coining” where hot coins and warm oil are rubbed on the backs to relive a variety of illnesses such as muscle pains, back pain, coughs, colds, fevers, chills and symptoms related to changes in the weathe r.

A ring-shaped burn on the body.

East Asian families

This resulted from a folk medicine healing practice known as “cupping” which involves lowering a ceramic cup, turned upside down with a candle underneath, down to the skin of the afflicted area of the bod y. A suctioning effect results which is believed to draw out aggravating substances.

Folk Medicine Folk Medicine

Asian Culture

Behavior

Standing in a corner and facing the wall.

It gives the submissive time to think about the infraction or misbehaviors. The length of time can vary from few minutes to hours.

Asian Families

Physical Disciplin e

The direct eye contact during disciplinary situations typically indicates defiance rather than respect.

Asian, Black, an dHispanic Cultures

Children are taught to lower their eyes when being disciplined as a sign of respect .

Discipline

The imposition of authority in a demanding manner typically results in passive resistance. Frank criticism may be perceived as a personal insult.

Hispanic, Arab, Native American

An appeal to their good nature and the use of appropriate reinforcement is more productive than coercive or confrontational strategies.

Discipline

Students may assist their peers or allow them to copy their answers, not considering this to be "cheating"

Hispanic, Black, Native American

Their cooperative learning style displays their culture's helpfulness, brotherhood or generosity .

Behavior

Parents are neglectful and letting their children "run wild". Many clans and tribes assign a great deal of the child raising responsibility to relatives, especially the grandpar -ents.

Native American Culture

Among Many tribes, it is the guardian’ s policy not to interfere except in times of danger.

Behavior

Has a pierced ea r.

Vietnamese Families

They tie a misbehaving child’s ear to a doorknob as punishment .

Physical Disciplin e

EXAMPLE MATCH

The direct eye contact during disciplinary situations typically indicates defiance rather than respect.

Asian, Black, an dHispanic Cultures

Children are taught to lower their eyes when being disciplined as a sign of respect .

Discipline