THINK, PAIR, SHARE• LOOKING AT THE IMAGES, DESCRIBE

WHAT THE ITEM IS AND WHAT YOU THINK IT REPRESENTS

RISE OF DICTATORS

• BENITO MUSSOLINI• FASCISM-NATION MORE IMPORTANT THAN

INDIVIDUAL

• NATIONALISM

• VIOLENCE

• FEAR OF COMMUNISM

“IL DUCE”

• 1921- ELECTED TO CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES

• OCTOBER 1922

• 30,000 BLACKSHIRTS SURROUND CAPITAL

• VICTOR EMANNUEL III GIVES UP POWER

• FASCISTS TAKE OVER

THE MARCH ON ROME

JOSEPH STALIN• COMES TO POWER AFTER THE DEATH OF VLADIMIR LENIN

• GENERAL SECRETARY OF THE PARTY-APPOINTS ALL POSITIONS

• EXPELS ALL ENEMIES FROM THE COUNTRY

• GOAL: INDUSTRIALIZE NATION AT ANY COST

5 YEAR PLANS• FIRST 5 YEARS• MAXIMUM PRODUCTION OF CAPITAL GOODS (GOODS THAT MAKE OTHER GOODS;

HEAVY MACHINERY)

• RESULT:• HEAVY MACHINERY PRODUCTION UP 400%• OIL PRODUCTION UP 200%• STEEL PRODUCTION GROWS FROM 4 MILLION TONS TO 18 MILLION TONS PER

YEAR

IMPACT ON RUSSIAN WORKERS• WORKERS FLOOD CITIES BUT HOUSING DOES NOT INCREASE• WAGES DECLINE BY 43%• LAWS PREVENT WORKERS FROM MOVING• PROPAGANDA STRESSES IMPORTANCE OF SACRIFICE FOR COUNTRY

RUSSIAN PEASANTS• SOCIETY IS MOVING AWAY FROM AGRICULTURE• COLLECTIVIZATION-PRIVATE FARMS ARE ELIMINATED; GOVERNMENT OWNS

ALL LAND• PEASANTS RESIST BY HOARDING CROPS AND KILLING LIVESTOCK• 1930: 10 MILLION PEASANT FARMS COLLECTIVIZED• 1934: 26 MILLION FARMS COLLECTIVIZED IN 250,00 UNITS

ELIMINATION OF ENEMIES• TO MAINTAIN STRENGTH OVER THE PARTY, ANYONE WHO RESISTS SENT TO

SIBERIAN WORK CAMPS• “OLD BOLSHEVIKS” PUT ON TRIAL AND SENTENCED TO DEATH• ARMY OFFICIALS, DIPLOMATS, UNION LEADERS, INTELLECTUALS ALL PURGED• ARRESTED, SENT TO WORK CAMPS, OR EXECUTED

• VETERAN OF WWI

• UNHAPPY WITH ALLIES FOLLOWING WWI AND ALSO GERMAN GOVT. FOR TREATY

• NATIONAL SOCIALIST GERMAN WORKERS’ PARTY

• ANTICOMMUNIST

ADOLF HITLER

• NOVEMBER 8, 1923

• 3,000 GOVT. OFFICIALS IN ATTENDANCE

• TAKES OVER MEETING WITH OWN ARMY

• FORCES 3 LEADING OFFICIALS TO JOIN HIM

• THEY DENOUNCE ASSOCIATION AS SOON AS HE LEAVES

BEER HALL PUTSCH

• HITLER PLANS A MARCH ON BERLIN THE NEXT DAY• CONFLICT BETWEEN POLICE AND NAZI

FORCES• NAZIS ARE PUT DOWN AND HITLER

FLEES• ARRESTED 2 DAYS LATER• SENTENCED TO 5 YEARS PRISON• BECOMES NATIONAL ICON

BEER HALL PUTSCH

• UNIFY ALL ARYANS

• GERMANS NEEDED “LEBENSRAUM”• LIVING SPACE• EXPAND INTO POLAND AND RUSSIA

• ENSLAVE SLAVS OF EASTERN EUROPE

• BLAMES JEWS FOR GERMANY’S DEFEAT IN WWI

MEIN KAMPF

• IN JAIL LESS THAN 1 YEAR

• TURNS TO POLITICS AFTER PRISON

• APPOINTED CHANCELLOR IN 1933

• CRACKS DOWN ON SOCIALISTS & COMMUNISTS

• USES “STORM TROOPERS” TO INTIMIDATE VOTERS

GAINING CONTROL

• 1934- BECOMES PRESIDENT

• GIVEN DICTATORIAL POWER BY GOVERNMENT

• 1935- BEGINS REBUILDING GERMAN MILITARY

THE FUHRER