thinning of ozone layer-final
TRANSCRIPT
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THINNING OF OZONE LAYERENVIRONMENT
MANAGEMENTPresented By:
Prerana Yadav
Rohan Mahabal
Vishal Oza
Prasad Shenai
Prajakta Toke
Guided By:
Prof. Brijesh Sharma
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1. Environment & Ozone Layer.2. Benefits Of Ozone Layer.
3. Reasons for depletion of Ozone Layer.
4. Harmful effects of Ozone Layer Depletion.
5. Preventive Measures, Current scenario & conclusion.
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Our Environment is our surrounding. This includes living
and non-living things around us. The non-living
components of environment are land, water and air.
The living components are germs, plants, animals and
people.
All plants and animals adjust to the environment in which
they are born and live. A charge in any component of
the environment ma cause discomfort and affect
Environment
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Ozone and Its Origin
Ozone , or Trioxygen (IUPAC name), is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen
atoms.
Ozone in the Earth's stratosphere is created by ultraviolet light striking oxygen molecules
containing two oxygen atoms (O2), splitting them into individual oxygen atoms (atomic
oxygen); the atomic oxygen then combines with unbroken O2 to create ozone, O3.
Ozone in the lower atmosphere is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratorysystems of animals and will burn sensitive plants; however, the ozone layer in the upper
atmosphere is beneficial, preventing potentially damaging electromagnetic radiation from
reaching the Earth's surface.
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Atmosphere
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Ozone Layer The ozone layer was discove
red in 1913 by the French physicists Charles Fabry and Henri
Buisson.
The ozone layer sits in the stratosphere approximately 25km above the Earth.
It is made up of ozone gases that act like a blanket to stop too much UV radiation from the
sun entering the atmosphere.
This layer absorbs 9799% of the Suns high frequency ultraviolet light, which is damaging
to life on Earth.
As UV radiation hits the Ozone layer the ozone gas absorbs the radiation and turns it into
oxygen.
The Ozone layer prevents the harmful UV radiation entering the Earth, which is vital because
too much of these UV rays can cause cancer, cataracts and DNA damage.
Small amounts of ozone are constantly being made by the action of sunlight on oxygen. At
the same time, ozone is being broken down by natural and unnatural processes that lead
to ozone depletion. If this process is greater than the production of ozone then the ozone
layer becomes thinner and less effective.
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Benefits of Ozone Layer
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Umbrella of life
Protect us from Ultra Violet Rays of sun
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Powerful sterilizing agents in the world.
Ozone is five times more potent than molecular
Chlorine in destroying germs, bacteria, andviruses.
Doesnt have a strong, over powering odour .
Over 90% of all diseases, including the commoncold and the flu, are caused by water or airbornebacteria and viruses. Like chlorine, ozone killsmicroorganisms.
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The Native Americans, preferred fishing after astorm, a practice which still takes place today.
The explanation for this natural phenomenon isthat after an electric storm the upper layer ofwater in lakes and rivers is enriched with
diluted oxygen and therefore naturallyOzonated.
Once this layer of water is Ozonated, harmful
viruses responsible for many diseases in fishculture are destroyed, allowing for the healthierfish to be found in this upper layer of
healthier ozone-rich water.
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A good way to get oxygen into the body isthrough water.
Past tests have shown that consuming
oxygenated water increased the level of theoxygen in the blood.
When the blood supply has more oxygen
diseases have trouble growing.
Deoxygenated
Blood
OxygenatedBlood
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CAUSES OF OZONE DEPLETION
The cause of ozone depletion is due to the release of chemicals which contain chlorine andbromine such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere by human activity.
The most important compound, which accounts for almost 80% of the total depletion ofozone in the stratosphere are chlorofluorocarbons (CFC).
These compounds are very stable in the lower atmosphere of the Earth, but in thestratosphere, they break down to release a free chlorine atom due to ultraviolet radiation.
A free chlorine atom reacts with an ozone molecule (O3) and forms chlorine monoxide (ClO)and a molecule of oxygen.
Now chlorine monoxide reacts with an ozone molecule to form a chlorine atom and twomolecules of oxygen.
The free chlorine molecule again reacts with ozone to form chlorine monoxide.
The process continues and the result is the reduction or depletion of ozone in the stratosphere.
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HARMFUL EFFECTS OF
THINNING OF OZONE LAYER
ULTRAVIOLET RAYS
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SKIN CANCER
SUNBURNS
PREMATURE AGING
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CATARACTS OF EYES
Cataracts are when the lens of the eye becomescloudy.
20 million cases worldwide.
Account for half of blindness in the world.
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SUPPRESSION OF HUMAN
IMMUNE SYSTEM BY UVRADIATION
Increased incidence of infection.
Promotion of cancer growth.
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REDUCTION IN
PHYTOPLANKTON Phytoplankton obtain energy through the
process of photosynthesis and musttherefore live in the well-lit surface layer ofan ocean, sea, lake, or other body of water.Phytoplankton account for half of allphotosynthetic activity on Earth. Thusphytoplankton are responsible for much ofthe oxygen present in the Earth's atmosphere half of the total amount produced by allplant life.
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SKIN CANCER EPIDEMIC Skin Cancer is most commonly found in USA.
1 in 5 Americans will become afflicted.
New cases of Cancer coming up every year.
1 in 5 Americans will become afflicted.
Basal cell carcinoma most common, least aggressive, locally
destructive.
Squamous cell carcinoma
more aggressive, can metastasize.
Melanoma
most aggressive, ~75% of all skin cancer deaths.
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OTHER EFFECTS
Melting of Ice Bergs resulting in increase in oceanlevels.
Reduction total area of Land surface resulting inthreats to human beings and other plant andanimal species.
Damage to the DNA in various life-forms.
P ti f
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Preventive measure of ozonedepletion
Promotion of eco friendly nature.Use of infrared lasers.
Dumping of ethane or propane in to Antarctic
stratosphere.Montreal protocol treaty
Significant new alternative policy
programme(SNAP).EPAS( environmental performance assessment
system) partnership programme.
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Developing countries scenario
Overuse of ozone depleting substances bydeveloped countries.
Increasing pressure on developing countries..
Lack of technology and money.
Need of additional finance.
Interference of US in developing countries.
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