this is the exclusive property of motor industries co. ltd. without their consent, it may not be...

1

MICO/NE-12-04This is the exclusive property of Motor Industries Co. Ltd. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.

Better Air Quality (BAQ) - 2004

Potential of Diesel Engine Emission Reductions

Dr Gerhard Ziegler & Dr Jochen Landes (MICO)

2



Source : DS/MKT 182 1173

Diesel Vehicle Production - By Regions and Applications

America Western Europe Eastern Europe Japan Rest of Worldw/o India

0

2

4

6

8

10

00 04 08 13 00 04 08 13 00 04 08 13 00 04 08 13 00 04 08 13

Heavy CommercialVehicles > 6 tLight CommercialVehicles < 6 tPassenger Cars

Mio

0.00.20.40.60.8

00 04 08 13

IndiaMio

3


Data Source : DS/LE 1916_1 382 en

Development of Diesel Passenger Cars

Power60 kW / l

Consumption6 l /100 km

90 92 94 96 98 2000 04 06 08

50

100

150

200

[%]

10

80 kW / l

Increase consumptionEGT

„EU5“ 1) NOX 0,08 g/kmPM 0,0025g/km

1) Request Umweltbundesamt

Emission (EU3)NOX 0,50g/kmPM 0,05g/km


Process master title format

This is the exclusive property of Motor Industries Co. Ltd. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties.


4

MICO/NE-12-04

Data Source: Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt (KBA) 11/2003

Economic Advantage: Diesels are economical !

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

700 900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300Inertia Mass [kg]

Fu

el

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n [

l/100km

]

DI-Diesel

Gasoline

Linear (DI-Diesel)

MNEDC-test fuel consumption:passenger cars with at least Euro 3 certification

Diesel fuel consumption is about 33 % less than gasoline´s

33%





5

MICO/NE-12-04

Diesel Passenger Car Emission Legislation : EU, USA

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Euro 4 ('05)

Euro 3 ('00)

NOx[g/km]

EU5 / BMU ('10?)

EU5 / UBA ('10?)

PM[g/km]

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Euro 4 ('05)

Tier 2 ('04) Bin 102) Euro 3 ('00)

NOx[g/km]

Bin 83)LEV 2 ('04)(U)LEV

Bin 92)

LEV 1 ('94) LEV

Bin 53)

2) Tier 2 temporary bin´s (until 2007)3) Tier 2 final bin´s

EU5 / BMU ('10?)

EU5 / UBA ('10?)

PM[g/km]

Data Source: DS/EMF2/B2651e.ppt


6

MICO/NE-12-04This is the exclusive property of Motor Industries Co. Ltd. Without their consent, it may not be reproduced or given to third parties. DS/P-CR4 391 Ra 0715e

Type Approval Data of PC with DI- Diesel - Certification with at least Euro 3

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6NOx + HC [g/km]

Par

ticu

late

s [g

/km

]

VP44

UIS

CRS

VP30

Competitors

Euro 3

Euro 4

Data Source: Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt (KBA) 10/2003

Euro 5 weak

Euro 5 severe





7

MICO/NE-12-04


Trends in Engine Development - Diesel Combustion System

air systemboost conceptegr conceptgas exchangecharge motion

injection system

typepressure injection ratenozzle

design

exhaust gas systemboost conceptegr conceptgas exchange(aftertreatment)

geometrical designcombustion chambercompression ratioswirl ratiostroke/bore

start systemglow conceptstarter

cooling systemcoolantcooler concept

control system (ECU)control conceptsensorsactuators





9

MICO/NE-12-04


Trends in Engine Development - Impact of Compression Ratio ReductionIM

EP

[b

ar]

15

16

17

18

19

20

IME

P [

ba

r]

15

16

17

18

19

20 CR17 CR15

Noise [dB(A) 88.6 88.6 88.3 87.3HC [g/kg] 0.48 0.86 1.88 4.43CO [g/kg] 4.6 7.3 12.8 28.0isfc [g/kWh] 210 208 212 212

Pe [kW/l] 49.2 54.7Lambda [-] 1.31 1.25SZ [FSN] 1.55 1.72isfc [g/kWh] 210 208

NO

x [

g/k

g]

soo

t/N

Ox

= 1

/10

0

1

2

3

4

5

NO

x [

g/k

g]

soo

t/N

Ox

= 1

/10

0

1

2

3

4

5 CR17 CR15

PZmax=150barSZmax=2.4FSNT3max=780°Cp2/p3=2290/2990mbar

PZmax=150barSZmax=2.4FSNT3max=780°Cp2/p3=2290/2990mbar

2000rpm/IMEP=8.0bar

p2/p3=1450/1550mbarCRP=900bar

2000rpm/IMEP=8.0bar


1500rpm/IMEP=4.3bar


1500rpm/IMEP=4.3bar


+10%

-10%

-65%

Full Load@4000rpm Part Load with optimised PI





10

MICO/NE-12-04


Impact of CRP and TC Parameter on Performance

50

54

58

62

66

70

2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900

Boost Pressure [mbar]

Spe

cific

Pow

er [

kW/l]

CRP T3max1600bar 750°C1800bar 750°C2000bar 750°C2000bar 820°C

Vh500ccPcyl.max=180barHF=280





12

MICO/NE-12-04

air compressorair reservoirdosing systemurea tank

pressure regulator

control valvepump

temperaturesensor

SCR: Selective CatalyticReduction

PM: Particulates

CAN bus

dosingvalve

ECU

exhaust gas temp. sensor

cleaned

exhaust gas

exhaust gas

sensor

NO + NO2 + 2NH3

2N2 + 3H2O

Data Source: DS/EMF C 3263.00 e

Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment System for NOx and PM Reduction


13


Data Source: DS/EMF B2115_1e

premixed premixed

Conventional Combustion

•simultaneous process of fuel injection, mixture formation and combustion

•fuel in heterogeneous condition

•combustion process divided in:

premixed (ignition delay)

diffusion controlled

afterburning

Homogeneous Combustion

•separation of fuel injection,

mixture formation and combustion (spatial or chronological )

•fuel in gaseous condition

•premixed combustion

Diesel Combustion





14

MICO/NE-12-04



NO

x [g

/kg]

0123456789

10

soot [g

/kg]

0.00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.0

co

nv

. C

om

bu

sti

on

wit

h o

pt.

P

Ip

HC

CI

2000rpm / IMEP=4bar

2000rpm / IMEP=4bar

2000rpm / IMEP=6bar

2000rpm / IMEP=6bar

2000rpm / IMEP=8bar

2000rpm / IMEP=8bar

2000rpm / IMEP=10bar

2000rpm / IMEP=10bar

-89%

-83%

-95%

-93%

-65%

-45%

-75%

-55%

26 410.4 1.14.4 24.388.1 92.9213 21665 86

17 470.2 2.243.8 57.789 89.4215 21455 68

9 330.1 0.94.2 23.488.4 91.5213 22336 62

37 540.8 6.37.7 11787.2 88.9213 21468 83

EGR [%]HC [g/kg]CO [g/kg]noise [dB(A)]isfc [g/kWh]TIntake [°C]

15



• Compared to petrol engines diesel engines fuel consumption is more than 30 % less.

• MICO/BOSCH are providing high sophisticated diesel injection systems being essential for lowest raw emissions and fuel consumption values.

• Even the most demanding emission limits can be achieved when adding exhaust gas aftertreatment systems like diesel particulate filters and DeNOx catalytic converters.

• “Homogeneous diesel combustion” has an enormous emission reduction potential limiting the effort on exhaust gas aftertreatment in future

Summary

this is the exclusive property of motor industries co. ltd. without their consent, it may not be...

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