three alternative nitrogen management strategies for cereal grain production
DESCRIPTION
Three Alternative Nitrogen Management Strategies for Cereal Grain Production. Brian Arnall Plant and Soil Sciences Department Oklahoma State University. Introduction. Scrutiny of Nitrogen Application Environmental impact Rise in Fuel and Nitrogen cost Temporal Variability - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Three Alternative Three Alternative Nitrogen Management Nitrogen Management Strategies for Cereal Strategies for Cereal
Grain ProductionGrain Production
Brian ArnallBrian ArnallPlant and Soil Sciences DepartmentPlant and Soil Sciences Department
Oklahoma State UniversityOklahoma State University
IntroductionIntroduction
Scrutiny of Nitrogen ApplicationScrutiny of Nitrogen Application Environmental impactEnvironmental impact
Rise in Fuel and Nitrogen costRise in Fuel and Nitrogen cost
Temporal VariabilityTemporal Variability
What Nature ProvidesWhat Nature Provides
Unpredictable VariablesUnpredictable Variables
Response IndexResponse Index
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Gra
in y
ield
, M
g/h
a 0 kg N/ha
112 kg N/ha
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
19
71
19
73
19
75
19
77
19
79
19
81
19
83
19
85
19
87
19
89
19
91
19
93
19
95
19
97
19
99
20
01
20
03
Year
Re
sp
on
se
Ind
ex Response Index
min: 1.0max: 4.1avg: 1.7
min: 1.0max: 4.1avg: 1.7
N-Rich StripN-Rich Strip
The Nitrogen Rich Strip:The Nitrogen Rich Strip:– What is it?What is it?– When and Where can it be used?When and Where can it be used?
Ease of applicationEase of application
Drive by visibilityDrive by visibility
N-Rich StripN-Rich Strip
Yes or NoYes or No
N-Rich StripN-Rich StripSensor Based Nitrogen Rate CalculatorSensor Based Nitrogen Rate Calculator
Using Sensor Data and the Nitrogen Fertilizer Using Sensor Data and the Nitrogen Fertilizer
Optimization Algorithm, N-Rates are prescribedOptimization Algorithm, N-Rates are prescribed
for that field and its condition. for that field and its condition.
Aug 16, 2002 Aug 28, 2002
NovemberNovember MarchMarch JuneJune
Planting datePlanting datedays from planting to sensing (GDD>0)days from planting to sensing (GDD>0)
YP0YP0
Nitrogen Fertilizer Optimization AlgorithmNitrogen Fertilizer Optimization Algorithm1. Establish preplant N Rich Strip(NRS) 4. Determine Response Index (RI)2. NDVI (biomass) =NDVINRS/NDVIFarmer
3. Predict potential yield 5. Predict potential grain yield need # of days from planting to (YP0) with added N, YPN =(YP0*RI) sensing (INSEY = biomass prod./day) 6. Fertilizer Rec = (grain N uptake INSEY vs. Yld eqn. YPN – grain N uptake YP0/0.7)
1. Establish preplant N Rich Strip(NRS) 4. Determine Response Index (RI)2. NDVI (biomass) =NDVINRS/NDVIFarmer
3. Predict potential yield 5. Predict potential grain yield need # of days from planting to (YP0) with added N, YPN =(YP0*RI) sensing (INSEY = biomass prod./day) 6. Fertilizer Rec = (grain N uptake INSEY vs. Yld eqn. YPN – grain N uptake YP0/0.7)
RIRIYPNYPNMayMay JuneJune AugustAugustCORNCORN
WHEATWHEAT
NDVI (sensing date)NDVI (sensing date)
Ramp Calibration StripRamp Calibration Strip
The Ramp Calibration StripThe Ramp Calibration Strip– 16 N rates 16 N rates
0 – 195 lb N ac0 – 195 lb N ac-1 -1 (can be adjusted for other crops)(can be adjusted for other crops)
Rate Interval 10 ft (adjustable)Rate Interval 10 ft (adjustable)
Truck or Truck or ATV mountedATV mounted
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 20 40 60 80 100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
Distance, ft
N R
ate
, lb
/ac
Ramp Calibration StripRamp Calibration Strip
Walk it offWalk it off
0 N
195 N
Ramp Calibration StripRamp Calibration Strip
Sensor BasedSensor Based
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0 13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130 143 156 169 182 195
Fertilizer Rate (lb./acre)
ND
VI
Strip AlternativesStrip Alternatives
VRTVRT
Variable Rate N Variable Rate N ApplicationApplication
ResolutionResolution– WheatWheat .4 m .4 m22
– CornCorn By-Plant By-Plant
VRT EquipmentVRT Equipment
VRT EquipmentVRT Equipment
Questions?Questions?
For More Informationwww.nue.okstate.edu