three second rule frank staropoli cfi ii mei asmel rh atp airplane helicopter frank staropoli cfi ii...
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THREE SECOND RULETHREE SECOND RULE
FRANK STAROPOLIFRANK STAROPOLI
CFI II MEI ASMEL RHCFI II MEI ASMEL RH
ATP AIRPLANE HELICOPTERATP AIRPLANE HELICOPTER
FRANK STAROPOLIFRANK STAROPOLI
CFI II MEI ASMEL RHCFI II MEI ASMEL RH
ATP AIRPLANE HELICOPTERATP AIRPLANE HELICOPTER
SCANNINGSCANNING
• This presentation will hopefully help you, THE PILOT IN COMMAND, to think about extending your skills in VFR and IMC conditions.
• THREE SECONDS OR LESS TO INCORPORATE YOUR SCANNING INTO A SAFER FLIGHT!!!!
How long would you take your eyes How long would you take your eyes off of the road while driving at 60 off of the road while driving at 60
MPH?MPH?
–For every 10MPH, the general rule for following the auto in front of you is one car length or approximately 2 to 3 seconds to stop safely.
SCENERIO 1SCENERIO 1
• You are driving 70 MPH on a major road. Speeding? Possibly.
• Your cell phone calls you.• NEED to answer the phone???• You NEED?? to text message.• You NEED?? to dial a number.• You NEED?? to change the radio, CD.• You NEED?? to take care of a back seat
situation.
DO YOU NEED TO???DO YOU NEED TO???All of these situations are All of these situations are
happening every day as one drives happening every day as one drives their auto.their auto.
• Are these the only situations?
• Can you name a few more that you know about?
• What do these scenarios suggest that the driver is doing or going to do?
• Might we accomplish the above safely?
EYES ON THE ROADEYES ON THE ROAD
• If a driver takes ones eyes off of the road for approximately 2 to 3 seconds, the possibility or odds for a major problem increase dramatically.
• Traveling at 10MPH you would need 1 car length to safely stop without an incident.
• WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH FLYING?
SCENERIO 2SCENERIO 2
• You are flying IFR/VFR .• Need to change a COM/NAV frequency.• Need to pick up the pad/pen/pencil you
dropped.• Need to copy a clearance.• Those back seat situations.• Where did I put that emergency checklist?• Need to change fuel tanks.
All of these situations are All of these situations are happening every day as one flies happening every day as one flies
their airplane or helicopter.their airplane or helicopter.
• Are these the only situations?
• Can you name a few more that you know about?
• What do these scenarios suggest that the pilot is doing or going to do?
• Might we accomplish the above safely?
SO WHAT AM I SUGGESTING?SO WHAT AM I SUGGESTING?
• FLY THE AIRPLANE or HELICOPTER
• .
• FLY THE AIRPLANE or HELICOPTER.
OPTIONSOPTIONS
• Do you have an Autopilot?
• NO!!! THEN….
• I am suggesting that you take care of the situation that you are involved in for no more than 3 seconds at a time
• FLY THE AIRCRAFT
FLY THE AIRCRAFTFLY THE AIRCRAFT
• HOW DOES ONE DO THIS SAFELY?
3 SECONDS3 SECONDS
• No more than 3 seconds to accomplish A task before checking the flight instruments/ traffic.
• SAFE?
• WHICH INSTRUMENTS????
• HEADING >>DG
• ALTIMETER
• ATTITUDE INDICATOR
3 SECONDS3 SECONDS
• 3 Seconds in a standard rate turn will give you approximately a 10 degree change in heading if you are not paying attention.
• SAFE? • TRY 6 SECONDS—20 degree or more.• PROBABLY NOT A STANDARD RATE TURN
ANYMORE!!!!!!• 3 seconds at 500ft/min will give you
approximately 25 to 50 foot altitude change.
CFIS, CFIIS, STUDENTSCFIS, CFIIS, STUDENTS
• What about any pilot?• The 3 second rule is a SUGGESTION
designed to enhance SAFETY!• EFFICIENT?• YOUR CALL!!!!!! • TRY IT. YOU MIGHT LIKE IT.
ANOTHER SUGGESTIONANOTHER SUGGESTION
• Students, pilots!!!!• Having a hard time
landing?• A few of our pilot
brethren have on occasion have had hard landings usually after flaring low or high, poor timing.
• Have you?
3 SECOND RULE3 SECOND RULE
• Airspeed slightly above 1.2x Vso ON APPROACH. MAINTAIN A/S
• FLARE.• Place the aircraft in the landing configuration.• This usually requires a slightly high nose attitude
to prevent the nose wheel from touching first.• YOU WILL FLOAT.• If A/S IS TOO LOW, THERE WILL BE NO
FLOATING.
3 SECOND RULE3 SECOND RULE
• COUNT 3 SECONDS. IF THE MAINS HAVEN’T TOUCHED.
• ADD 100RPM OR 1” MP• IF THE NOSE RISES, YOU ADDED TOO
MUCH THROTTLE, EASE OFF the throttle.• Maintain landing configuration.• Do not pull on the yoke more than necessary.• (nose rises out of landing configuration)• SQUEAK! SQUEAK!!• REQUIRES A LONGER RUNWAY.
