thursday, april 29 and friday, april 30, 2010, radisson university hotel, minneapolis, mn social...
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Thursday, April 29 and Friday, April 30, 2010, Radisson University Hotel, Minneapolis, MN
Social Movements for a Green Economy:Panel on Institutional Theory and Innovation
Andy Van de Ven & Joel MalenCarlson School of Management
University of Minnesota
Institutional Diffusion Collective ActionZoom Out onMultipleActors atInter-OrgField
Focus
ZoomIn on SingleActor
Institutional Adaptation Institutional Design
Mode of ChangeReproduction Construction
Models of Institutional ChangeSource: Hargrave & Van de Ven, 2004
•Purposeful social construction & strategies by an actor to create/change an institution to solve a problem or correct an injustice•Bounded agency: Affordance and partisan mutual adjustment•Old institutional literature
•Political action among distributed, partisan & embedded actors to solve a problem or issue by changing institutional arrangements•Framing processes, mobilizing structures & political opportunities•Social movements & industry emergence literature
•Reproduction, diffusion or decline of an institutional arrangement in a population or organizational field•Evolutionary processes of variation, selection, and retention (isomorphism)•Organizational institutional ecology literature
•Organizational efforts to achieve legitimacy by adapting to institutional environmental pressures & regulations•Coercive, normative & mimetic processes•New organizational institutional literature
Collective Action Model: Social Movement Theory
Political Opportunities StructureInstitutional Arrangements-How/where institutional infrastructure facilitates & constrains change
Mobilizing StructuresInstitutional Actors & Resources-groups, organizations, networks-entrepreneurs, activists, insurgents
Framing Processes-social construction of ideas, issues, concerns, ideology
Collective Action-emergent action & form-partisan mutual adjustment-political tactics & campaigns
Doug McAdam, John McCarthy, and Mayer Zald (eds.), Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements:Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures and Cultural Framings, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1996
Collective Action: Social Movement on Electricity Feed-in Tariffs
Political Opportunity Structures•Dominant utilities prevent change through market•RE advocates pursue political change
Mobilization Structures•Environmental Groups:
• Friends of the Earth Germany, Greenpeace•Professional Organizations:
•Institute of Ecology; German Assn for Promotion of Solar Power Eurosolar, Solar Energy Industries Association
Framing Processes•RE alternative to fossil fuels (fight climate change)•RE alternative to dangerous nuclear energy•RE minimizes negative social externalities
Collective Action/Political Behavior
• Issue Awareness•Mobilization/demonstrations against nuclear/climate change•Electoral support for pro-renewable candidates/parties•Promote new ideas to facilitate/support RE diffusion
Collective Action: Dialectics of Electricity Feed-in Law (1990)
adapted from Hargrave and Van de Ven (2006)
Thesis (RE Opposition)• Government support for coal and nuclear electricity generation• No support to immature energy technologies
Anti-Thesis (RE Support)•Government support for renewable energy generation•Feed-in law to provide grid access and favorable rates to producers
Conflict• German federal legislature debates proposed Feed-in Law
Synthesis•Electricity Feed-in Law adopted (1990)
•Utilities must provide grid access to RE producers
• Utilities must purchase electricity from RE producers
•Rates based on percentage of retail price
Power (RE Opposition)•Utilities focused on newly integrated East Germany •Do not view small scale of legislative proposals as significant threat•Despite overall power within German POS, fail wield their power in conflict
Power (RE Support)•RE supporters have substantial power in legislature it conflict•Political support for Feed-in Law from parties across political spectrum
04/18/23
Participants are Distributed, Partisan & Embedded
Distributed: Different actors play key roles No single actor controls any developmental path
Partisan: Actors participate from own frames Interests of producers, regulators, investors, etc.
are not the same Solutions through partisan mutual adjustment
Embedded: Actors become dependent on paths they create. Many learning opportunities occur as process
unfolds Process of partial cumulative syntheses
04/18/23
Conclusions
If social movement, pay attention to:o Political structure, mobilizing actors & framing processeso Collective action: conflict, power & political tacticso Dialectics of thesis, antithesis & synthesis
Politically-savvy innovators will outperform technically-savvy innovators.o Technical savvy is necessary but not sufficient;
also need political savvy
Innovators who “run in packs” will be more successful than those that go it alone.o the liability of unconnectedness (Baum & Oliver, 1992)