Thurs

TIME

08.00 

09.00 

 

 

09.10 

09.30 

09.50 

10.10 

10.30‐10

 

10.50 

11.10 

11.30 

11.50 

 

12.10 

12.30‐13

13.30‐14

sday May

LeaST

 

PreCha

Theemabibet

Effedie

Effeincper

Effeoffpro

0.50  BR

PreCha

Diepro

Suplactrelawe

Effebirt

Effeon pig

Fut

OpH20

3.30  LU

4.00  Dis 

4th 2017

ave Cork TART

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M. The

  K. O’D

H. Roo

E. Hine

 

 

G. Bee

  N. Oks

at  A. Lave

n ling 

A.M. W

 

OST,  R. KellChonc

 

 

 

 

A

erkildsen  1

Driscoll  2

oney  3

es  4

 

 

e  5

sbjerg  6

ery  7

Walsh  8

 

ly/ O. Ni cubhair 

 

 

 

 

 

Abstract No.  

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

   

  Postnatal nutrition and environment Chair: Giuseppe Bee 

  Abstract No. 

14.00  Effect of management strategies for rearing supernumerary piglets on piglet survival and growth rates  

O. Schmitt  9 

14.20  Effects of energy supplementation to low‐birth weight neonatal piglets on their survival, growth and blood glucose level. 

O. Schmitt  10 

14.40  Voluntary locomotor activity promotes myogenic growth potential in domestic pigs 

C. Kalbe  11 

15.00  1NMR characterisation of colostrum in pure breed sows and its influence on piglets’ performance 

P. Trevisi  12 

15.20  The effect of different dietary bee pollen consumption on growth intensity and blood parameters of rats: A laboratory study 

B. Gálik  13 

15.40‐16.00  BREAK     

  Intestinal microbiota (1) Chair: Keelin O’Driscoll 

   

16.00  Porcine feed efficiency (FE)‐associated intestinal microbiota and physiological traits: finding consistent cross‐locational biomarkers for residual feed intake (RFI) 

U. McCormack  14 

16.20  Faecal microbiota transplantation in pregnant sows alters the growth and intestinal bacterial profile of pigs 

G. Gardiner  15  

16.40  Altering the chicken microbiome in ovo – the concept and future perspective 

K. Stadnicka  16 

17.00  END     

       17.15 Bus to Cork    

19.30 Dinner - Montenotte Hotel, Middle Glanmire Road, Cork City

   

 

Friday May 5th 2017

TIME

08.00  Leave Cork     

09.00  START    

     

  Genetics/gene expression Chair: Linda Giblin 

  Abstract 

No.  

09.00  Acute and delayed transcriptional responses following livestock‐environment interactions 

M. Oster  17 

09.20  The influence of maternal backfat and gestation feed level on offspring adipose and muscle biomarkers 

L. Giblin  18 

09.40  Changes in metabolic gene expression during C2C12 myogenic differentiation 

M. Brearley  19 

10.00  Phenotypic and genetic relationships between litter birthweight characteristics, indicators of intrauterine growth restriction and piglet survival 

S. Matheson  20.  

10.20‐10.40  BREAK     

10.40‐11.30  Review: Maternal nutrition effects on muscle development and body composition of lambs 

J. Brameld  21. 

 

  Intestinal microbiota (2) Chair: Gillian Gardiner 

   

11.30  A gnotobiotic piglet model of preterm infants  I. Splichal  22 

11.50  

Development of an effective Bacillus probiotic for use as an alternative to in‐feed antibiotics for pigs 

G. Gardiner  23  

12.10  European network on the factors affecting the gastro‐intestinal microbial balance and the impact on the health status of pigs (PiGutNet) 

P. Trevisi  24 

  Fish     12.30  Growth and Flesh Quality: From study of muscle 

tissues to flesh quality determinisms in fish JC. Gabillard  25

12.50 – 13.00  Future Funding Opportunities/Activities Future meetings?

13.00  LUNCH     

14.00 Bus to Cork    

  Tour of New Pig Research Facility     

  Tour of Laboratories     16.00 Bus to Cork    

COST Action FA1401 “European network on the factors affecting the gastro-intestinal microbial balance and the impact on the health status of pigs” (PiGutNet) P. Trevisi1 and J. Zentek2

1University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Bologna, Italy; 2Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Tierernährung, Berlin, Germany. The “hoped for” reduction in the use of antibiotics in pig by EU producers has not been materialized as they are still being widely used for the control of enteric infectious diseases. This practice can spread antibiotic resistance in the farm environment and poses a threat to consumer health. Whilst it is widely recognized that a diversified gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) microbiota is essential for optimal health and performance, the underlying factors favoring the development and maintenance of a balanced intestinal microbiota are not fully understood. PiGutNet will establish the first European network focused on this topic, joining specialists in all research areas. It will define both environmental and host genetic factors affecting the GIT microbiota and the complex interactions between microbiota and gut maturation, to maintain a healthy gut throughout life. The network will coordinate databases and unravel innovative tools to define the status of intestinal eubiosis in pigs. The most important outcomes will be genome/metabolome-wide association studies and the provision of a road map to increase pig resistance against GIT infections. This will have an important translational potential, being the foundation for European companies to develop strategies in the areas of feed additives and animal husbandry, resulting in improved animal health and welfare, consumer protection and competitive advantage for the European agriculture. Dimension and objective of the Action: PiGutNet network was established in 2015 and today includes partners with multidisciplinary expertise from 22 EU countries (57 institutions, 10 companies), and the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP). Moreover, extra-UE colleagues is involved in the Action. The main objective of the Action is to increase the knowledge about the effect/interaction of environmental and genetic factors on the composition of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs and to improve the risk management associated with antibiotic resistance in pig production. In order to disentangle the factors involved in the gut microbial balance four gaps were detected: i. Molecular microbiology; ii. Environment, host genetics and epigenetic approach; iii. Feeding strategies to manage the risk of dysbiosis; iv. Antibiotic resistance. The 4-years PiGutNet program will be carried out within 5 working groups (WGs) identified according to the 4 main research areas above described, while one WG will be dedicated to the dissemination. Expected impact: We hope to advance the European research strategy on animal health and welfare in domestic animals by the activities, to create a sustainable network of experts in pig nutrition and to foster transdisciplinary discussions, research and future projects in an important domain. PiGutNet will stimulate and support the European Union’s needs and societal demands and by this increase the competitiveness in the agricultural sector. Contact and update: The PiGutNet network is open to accept new partners that aim to share information to progress in the field of the gut eubiosis of pigs. In order to have more information on the network (partner involved, Management Committee composition, scientific objectives, activities, etc.), please, visit our webpage http://www.cost.eu/COST_Actions/fa/Actions/FA1401 and www.pigutnet.eu. Moreover, you can contact the Chair and the Vice-Chair of the PiGutNet network, Prof. Paolo Trevisi from the University of Bologna and Prof. Jürgen Zentek from the Freie Universität Berlin. Acknowledgement This article is based upon work from COST Action FA1401 (PiGutNet), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).

COST Action FA1401European network on the factors affecting the gastro-

intestinal microbial balance and the impact on the health status of pigs (PiGutNet)

Action MC Chair: Prof. Paolo Trevisi

Action MC Vice-Chair: Prof. Jürgen Zentek

Role of microbiota on host physiology

Metabolismfacilitate energy harvest from the dietPromote host adiposity

Behavior- Decreasing synaptic connectivity - Promoting anxiety-like behavior

and pain perception

Intestinal function- Gut-associated lymphoid

tissue (GALT) maturation,- Tissue regeneration- Motility - Barrier integrity

Intestinal vessels formationActivation of Tissue Factor pathway that influence vascular remodelling in the small intestine

Bone homeostasis - Decreasing bone mass by promoting the function of osteoclasts and increasing the numbers of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells.

How to analyze the microbiota modifications?

Metataxonomic and Metagenomic Approaches vs. Culture-Based Techniques

(Hilton et al. 2016. Frontiers in Microbiology. Volume 7: Article 484

Xiao et al. Sept. 2016. A reference gene catalogue of the pig gut microbiome. Nature Microbiology 1:16161

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS- Feed - Rearing condition- Antibiotic intake- Mother imprinting- ……..

Microbiota adherent on the

gut wall

Microbiota in the gut lumen

Factor affecting the gut microbial colonization/balance

HOST - Age- Sex- Genetic

BACTERIA GENETIC

VIRUS

Environment vs MicrobiotaDiet can affects the microbial balance Protein and Fiber content/source; Additive; Antibiotic; Particle size; Liquid/solid; etc.

(David et al. 2014. Nature. Vol. 505:559-563)

Cronic stress

Systemic inflammation↑ IFN-γ; TNF-α; etc.

Anorexia↓energy intake, ↓enteral stimulation

Gut epithelium ↑ epithelial permeability ↓antimicrobial peptide secretion

▼↑bacterial translocation↑passage of feed antigens

Gut epithelium ↓ activity of brush border enzyme↓activity of enterocyte transport of nutrient

▼↓ digestive and absorptive capacity

GALT↑ intestinal inflammation↓ antimicrobial peptide secretion

Gut epithelium ↓ antimicrobial peptide secretion

Gut microbiotaChanges in gut microbiota composition and function

▼Energy harvestChanges in fermentation capacity

Protein and energy wasting

Adapted from (Genton et al., 2015. Clin. Nutr. 34:341)

Influence of breed, age and sex on the pig gut microbiota composition(Xiao et al. Sept. 2016. Nature Microbiology. Article n. 16161)

Breed Age

Sex Sex

These QTL affect microbiota community:

some loci control single species

other control taxa

Mapping of murine Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) to the murine gut microbiota.

(Benson A K et al. 2010 PNAS. 107:18933-18938)

Host genotype vs Microbiota

In pig: Linkage observed between the gene Mucin4 (chromosome 13) and the gene for

the production of the specific E. coli F4ab/ac receptors

Polymorphism on FUT1 (chromosome 6) explains susceptibility to E. coli F18

Host genotype vs Microbiota

Susceptible subject Not susceptible subject

Host genotype affect the presence of specific receptors for ETEC F4ac on the intestinal villi of pig

Host genotype vs microbiota

Genotype blood types and Glycomic

Host genotype vs Microbiota

Virus vs Microbiota

(Liu et al., 2015. Curr Microbiol. 71:643-649)

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea (PED) infection affects faecal microbiota in pigs

Why is COST the best mechanisms for PiGutNet?

Local, Regional, EU projects

The work is not still finished

Disseminate the knowledge

A multidisciplinary network to join the pieces

Target groups/end usersMultidisciplinary and Multiplayer Approach

Industries

Breederassociation

Policy makers

Consumers PiGutNet

Microbiology

Nutrition

GeneticPhysiology

Immunity

46 Research Institutions 10 companies 5 breeders associations (EAAP)

3 extra-EU countries - 3 Research

institutions+

Albania+

The PiGutNet network22 EU

countries

• Status of Action, including participating countries Duration: 4 years ‐ end 2018 Participants: 22 EU countries from 57 institutions, 10 companies, EAAP Murdoch University, Chinese Agricultural University, University of Tirana, University 

of Saskatchewan 

• Action budget status

Budget assigned to PiGutNet until today: 394.660 Euro‐ GP1: 130. 000 Euro‐ GP2: 42.660  Euro‐ GP3: 111.000 Euro‐ GP4: 111.000 Euro

Dimension of the Action

Primary objective of PiGutNet - listed in the MoU

To increase the knowledge about the effect/interaction of

environmental and genetic factors on the composition of the

microbiota in the GIT of pigs and to improve the risk

management associated with antibiotic resistance in pig

production.

Gap 1

• Molecular microbiology

Gap 2

• Environment and host genetic

Gap 3

• Feeding strategies

Gap 4

• Antibiotic resistance

SCIENTIFIC FOCUSFactors affecting the gastro-intestinal

microbial balance

4 GAPS TO CONSIDER:

PiGutNet

WG1Microbial

characterization

WG2Genetic /

Environment

WG3Feeding

strategies

WG4Antibiotic and

dysbiosis

WG5Dissemination

SCIENTIFIC WORK PLAN

WORKING GROUP 1

Functional and genetic characterization of microbial communities in the gastrointestinal

tract of pigs

Leader: Dr. Sara Botti (IT)Co-Leader: Prof. Mick Bailey (UK)

WORKING GROUP 2

Genetic and environmental factors to understand dysbiosis including their interaction

(epigenetics)

Leader: Prof. Charlotte Lauridsen (DK)Co-Leader: Dr. Jordi Estelle (FR)

WORKING GROUP 3

Feeding strategy to maintain/restore the gut homeostasis

Leader: Prof. J. Francisco Perez (ES)Co-Leader: Prof. Jan Erik Lindberg (SE)

WORKING GROUP 4

Antibiotics as a factor of dysbiosis and spread of antibiotic resistance genes

Leader: Prof. Papadopoulus Dimitris (EL)Co-Leader: Dr. Geert Bruggeman (BE)

WORKING GROUP 5

Knowledge and management exchange

• Support exchanges across the working groups, and the dissemination towards external stakeholders

Leader: Prof. Olivera Djuragic(RS)Co-Leader: Dr. Geert Bruggeman (BE)

Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM)

Leader: Dr. Marianna Roselli (IT)Co-Leader: Prof. Hermann-Josef Rothkoetter (DE)

WHAT IS A HEALTHY PORCINE MICROBIOTA?

What is a healthy gut and a healthy microbiota?

What is dysbiosis?

What is the importance of the gut segment?

WHICH FACTORS AFFECT IT?

Which is the state of the art on the relative contribution of the host and the gut microbiome for the stability of the gut ecosystem?

Which type of phenotypes, samples and metadata should be obtained in experiments concerning porcine gut microbiota analysis in relation to health?

Which are the most adapted statistical approaches susceptible to contribute to an effective analysis of such datasets?

Which recommendations in order to get ready for meta-analysis studies?

Some questions from the network

The continuity concept

- Cross fostering- Creep feed- Grouping at weaning- Grouping at growing- Antibiotic treatment - …….

- Sow history- Diet- Antibiotic treatment- …….

Concept discussed between partners in PiGutNet network

Virtual sample repository

Around Europe, there are thousands of samples collected during in vivo and in vitro trials and stored in the fridges. These samples could be deeply exploited to produce new data useful for several research topics. PiGutNet, set-up a virtual repository to favour the samples exchanges, in response to the new legislation on the 3R for the reduction of the animals for scientific purposes.

PiGutNet European Nucleotide Database 16sRNA

The WG2, highlighted the need to create a database to collect the data related with the sequencing of bacteria DNA of pigs. A dedicated area on the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) managed from the European Bioinformatics Institute, was created. The EAA allow to have a protected area dedicated to PiGutNet. The objective is to stimulate partners to share the data

Tools developed by PiGutNet

An unique profile to define the “balanced” or “optimal” microbiota in the gut of pigs is not applicable Need to adopt a dynamic approach.

Few data are available on the long term effect of an early perturbation of the microbiota on health status of pig during their life.

Environmental factors play a crucial role in the settlement of the microbiota Anyway the genetic background of the animals should be more considered to understand individual variability of the gut ecology.

Final Considerations

The taxonomic analyses could be not enough to understand the complex interaction between host/environment/bacteria Need to consider the microbiota’s functions (metagenomics).

The interplay between the bacteria and the other organisms that constitute the gut microbiota must be deeply considered (virus, parasites, fungi, etc.)

Analytical tools/platforms and bioinformatic approach are critical points, needs for a large consensus on basic tools.

An integrated approach is needed to improve the robustness of the animals

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Contacts:

Prof. Paolo Trevisi – paolo.trevisi@unibo.it

Project website - www.pigutnet.eu

Follow PiGutNet on Twitter: @PiGutNet

This work is based upon work from COST Action FA1401, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)

Take home message“A microbial community highly efficient in recovering energy from food may constitute a risk factor for obesity in an organism with easy access to food, while it may be healthy in an individual with limited access to food”. (Blaser et al., 2006)