thursday, september 13, 2013 how can density be used to identify a substance lab
TRANSCRIPT
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Chemistry
Thursday, September 13, 2013How Can Density Be Used to Identify A
substance Lab
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What is the volume of a 36 g rock if its density is
25 g/ml?
What is the mass of a brick if its density is 8.9g/cm3, and the bricks dimensions are 2cm x 11cm x 8cm?
Bell Work 9/16
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Discuss Classification of Matter Complete Classification Activity
Agenda
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Students will be able to:
Classify matter into different categories Use density to identify a substance
Objectives
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Classification of Matter
Matter can be classified into many different categories.
The next few slides we will be going over each of these categories
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Classification of Matter
How are they similar? . . . Different?
Only one type of matter in sample
Water (H2O) Muddy Water
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Classification of Matter
Pure Substance
Only one type of matter in sample
Water (H2O)
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Classification of Matter
Pure Substances – How are they different
Water (H2O) Gold (Au)
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Classification of Matter
Pure Substances – Element
Gold (Au)
Atoms of only one type are in the substance
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Classification of Matter
Pure Substances – Compound
Water (H2O)
Atoms of more than one type are in the substance
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Classification of Matter
Mixture
Two or more types of matter in the sample
Chicken Soup
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Classification of Matter
Mixtures – How are they different?
Chicken Soup Cola
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Classification of Matter
Heterogeneous Mixture
Mixture is not the same throughout—Can identify different parts
Chicken Soup
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Classification of Matter
Homogenous Mixture
Mixture is the same throughout
Cola
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A. Matter Flowchart
MATTER
Can it be physically separated?
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound Element
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
yes no
Can it be chemically decomposed? noyes
Is the composition uniform?
noyes
Colloids Suspensions
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A. Matter Flowchart
Examples:
graphite
pepper
sugar (sucrose)
paint
soda
• Element
• Hetero. Mixture
• Compound
• Hetero. Mixture
• Homo. Mixture
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B. Pure Substances
Element composed of identical atoms EX: copper wire, aluminum foil
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B. Pure Substances
Compound
composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
properties differ from those of individual elements
EX: table salt (NaCl)
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Compound Example
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C. Mixtures
Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
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Tyndall Effect
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoUmz8L87Z4
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C. Mixtures
Solution homogeneous very small particles no Tyndall effect Tyndall Effect
particles don’t settle EX: rubbing alcohol
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C. Mixtures
Colloid heterogeneous medium-sized particles Tyndall effect particles don’t settle EX: milk
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C. Mixtures
Suspension heterogeneous large particles Tyndall effect particles settle EX: fresh-squeezed
lemonade
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C. Mixtures
Examples:
mayonnaise
muddy water
fog
saltwater
Italian salad dressing
colloid
suspension
colloid
solution
suspension
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Physical vs. Chemical Properties
Physical Property
Can be observed without changing the identity of the substance
Chemical Property
Describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes in identity
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B. Physical vs. Chemical Properties
Examples:
melting point
physical
flammable
chemical
density physical
magnetic
physical
tarnishes in air chemical
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Physical vs. Chemical Change
Physical Change Changes the form of a substance without
changing its identity Properties remain the same Reversible
Chemical Change Changes the identity of a substance Products have different properties Irreversible
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Physical vs. Chemical Change
Signs of a Chemical Change
change in color or odor
formation of a precipitate (solid)
formation of a gas
change in light or heat
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Physical vs. Chemical Change
Examples:
rusting iron chemical
dissolving in water physical
burning a match chemical
melting ice physical
grinding salt physical
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Classifying Matter Activity
Get out a sheet of paper and put your name on the top.
Create a data chart with the following headings
Make 20 rows and label 1-20 in the column “vial number”
Vial Number Name of Material
Pure Substance or
Mixture
Element, Compound,
Hetero or Homo geneous
Reasoning(Why did you
classify it as this?)
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Classifying Matter Activity
You will pair up and sit with your partner on one side of each lab table with 1 group at the back table if needed.
I will come give you a vial with matter in it, you will write the name of the matter in the appropriate column, decide whether it is a pure substance or a mixture and then what type of pure substance or mixture. Then pass it on to the next group
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Analysis1. Which classification was hardest to determine-
Element, Compound, Heterogeneous or Homogenous? Why was this the hardest one?
2. If you had to separate the heterogeneous mixtures into colloids or suspensions, what property would you look at to separate the two?
3. Determine whether each sample below is an element, compound, heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture
A B C D E