tidal energy overview7
DESCRIPTION
hellooooooooooooTRANSCRIPT
Tidal Energy: Tidal Energy:
• Worldwide Worldwide distribution distribution
• Efficient Efficient technology technology
• Multiple benefitsMultiple benefits
Tidal Energy is not yet recognized by the Tidal Energy is not yet recognized by the United Nations as an energy resource that United Nations as an energy resource that should receive support and funding for its should receive support and funding for its developmentdevelopment.
The Current SituationThe Current Situation
Tidal Energy is sustainable, clean, reliable, Tidal Energy is sustainable, clean, reliable, widely distributed, and can offer significant widely distributed, and can offer significant benefits to many marine nations.benefits to many marine nations.
Tidal Energy can be captured in an efficient Tidal Energy can be captured in an efficient and cost-effective wayand cost-effective way..
Tidal Energy is a Tidal Energy is a clean, renewable clean, renewable source of energy--source of energy--such as solar, such as solar, wind, biofuels, and wind, biofuels, and low-head hydro-- low-head hydro-- and deserves and deserves official official international international support and funding support and funding for its for its developmentdevelopment.
The Worldwide The Worldwide Distribution of Distribution of Tidal EnergyTidal Energy
World Map of the Distribution World Map of the Distribution of Tidal Energyof Tidal Energy
Red areas show most intense tidal energyRed areas show most intense tidal energy
Developing Nations Developing Nations that could receive that could receive
significant benefits significant benefits from Tidalfrom Tidal EnergyEnergy________________________________________
Indian Ocean:Indian Ocean: Comoros, Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles. Comoros, Madagascar, Maldives, Seychelles.
Asia:Asia: China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, Vietnam. China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, Vietnam.
Pacific Ocean:Pacific Ocean: Fiji, Kiribati, Micronesia, Palau, Papua New Fiji, Kiribati, Micronesia, Palau, Papua New
Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor, Tuvalu, Vanuatu. Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor, Tuvalu, Vanuatu.
Central and South America:Central and South America: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Surinam. Guyana, Panama, Surinam.
Atlantic Ocean:Atlantic Ocean: Cape Verde. Cape Verde.
All coastal nationsAll coastal nations with tidal passes between coral reefs with tidal passes between coral reefs or offshore islands. or offshore islands.
Significant benefits Significant benefits
from using Tidal from using Tidal Energy includeEnergy include:
• Electrification of isolated communitiesElectrification of isolated communities
• Generation for the gridGeneration for the grid
•Regrowth of coral reefs using Regrowth of coral reefs using mineral accretion technology mineral accretion technology
• Substitution of imported petroleum Substitution of imported petroleum used to generate electricity used to generate electricity
Efficient technology to Efficient technology to capture Tidal Energycapture Tidal Energy
is already cost-effectiveis already cost-effective
Prof. Alexander Gorlov of Northeastern University
with the helical turbine he invented and perfected
Tidal Energy can Tidal Energy can be capturedbe captured
• efficiently and efficiently and
• inexpensively inexpensively
using the helical using the helical
turbineturbine
Schematic view of the helical turbine Schematic view of the helical turbine mounted in a frame.mounted in a frame.
Features of the Features of the Helical Turbine:Helical Turbine:
Basic ConceptBasic Concept
• designed for hydroelectric applications designed for hydroelectric applications in free-flowing water in free-flowing water
• operates in ocean, tidal, and river operates in ocean, tidal, and river currents currents
• does not require expensive dams does not require expensive dams that can harm the environment that can harm the environment
Features of the Features of the Helical TurbineHelical Turbine
OperationOperation
• self-starting with flow as low as 0.6 m/s self-starting with flow as low as 0.6 m/s
• smooth-runningsmooth-running
• rotates in same direction regardless rotates in same direction regardless of the direction of flow, making it ideal of the direction of flow, making it ideal for tidal applications for tidal applications
Features of the Features of the Helical TurbineHelical Turbine
35% Efficiency35% Efficiency
Features of the Features of the Helical TurbineHelical Turbine
Power increases Power increases 88 times times when velocity doubleswhen velocity doubles
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Free Flow (Ft/sec)
Po
wer
(watt
s)
Source: GCK Technology
I Knot =1.69 ft/sec
I M/sec =3.28 ft/sec
Features of the Helical TurbineFeatures of the Helical Turbine Installation Cost: dollars/kw Installation Cost: dollars/kwFeatures of the Helical TurbineFeatures of the Helical Turbine Installation Cost: dollars/kw Installation Cost: dollars/kw
0100020003000400050006000700080009000
1000011000120001300014000
Source: GCK Technology, Inc.
Red: high estimate Blue: low estimate
Multiple Benefits Multiple Benefits from Tidal Energyfrom Tidal Energy
Multiple Benefits from Tidal Energy.Multiple Benefits from Tidal Energy.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Practical ExamplesPractical Examples:
1)1) Electrification of isolated Electrification of isolated communities communities
2)2) Power for the gridPower for the grid
3)3) Regrowth of coral reefs using Regrowth of coral reefs using mineral accretion technology mineral accretion technology
1) Electrification of Isolated Communities:1) Electrification of Isolated Communities:
The Tide-Energy project The Tide-Energy project near the mouth of the Amazonnear the mouth of the Amazon
Rural residents with a 6-blade helical turbineRural residents with a 6-blade helical turbine
(a) 6-blade (a) 6-blade helical helical turbineturbine
(b) Pulley (b) Pulley andand belt belt
(c) (c) Automotive Automotive
alternatoralternator
The Tide-Energy project near theThe Tide-Energy project near the
mouth of the Amazon: mouth of the Amazon:
a simple generating packagea simple generating package
•Accessible:Accessible: • About 90% of a tide-powered station can be built usingAbout 90% of a tide-powered station can be built using
locally-available labor, materials, and equipment. locally-available labor, materials, and equipment.
• Only the technically-refined helical turbine blades areOnly the technically-refined helical turbine blades are outside components. outside components.
The Tide-Energy project near the mouth of the Amazon: The Tide-Energy project near the mouth of the Amazon: simple, accessible, affordable technologysimple, accessible, affordable technology
Simple:Simple:• The helical turbine rotates on a shaft with a pulley The helical turbine rotates on a shaft with a pulley
that runs an alternator by means of a belt.that runs an alternator by means of a belt.
• The alternator charges batteries for household use, The alternator charges batteries for household use, as is usual with other intermittent sources—as is usual with other intermittent sources—solar and wind—when used off the grid.solar and wind—when used off the grid.
The Tide-Energy project near the mouth of the Amazon: The Tide-Energy project near the mouth of the Amazon: simple, accessible, affordable technologysimple, accessible, affordable technology
Affordable.Affordable. Under local natural and economic conditions:Under local natural and economic conditions:
• The investment in installation and equipment The investment in installation and equipment of a tide-energy station is only of a tide-energy station is only 50%50% of the of the
comparable solar option.comparable solar option.
That investment is similar to the cost of a small, That investment is similar to the cost of a small, diesel-powered boat, which thousands diesel-powered boat, which thousands
of people in the region already own.of people in the region already own.
• The operating costs of a tide-energy station are The operating costs of a tide-energy station are less than less than 60%60% of those of the comparable of those of the comparable
diesel option.diesel option.
2) Power for the Grid2) Power for the Grid
The Uldolmok Strait Pilot Project in KoreaThe Uldolmok Strait Pilot Project in Korea
1m x 2.5m GHT from GCK Technology, Inc.
The UldolmokThe Uldolmok Channel Pilot Project in Korea Channel Pilot Project in Korea
Results and perspectives:Results and perspectives:
Testing of the Gorlov Helical Turbine manufactured by Testing of the Gorlov Helical Turbine manufactured by GCK Technology, Inc. was performed by the Korea GCK Technology, Inc. was performed by the Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute (KORDI).Ocean Research & Development Institute (KORDI).
Successful tests were carried out In 2002 using a 1m Successful tests were carried out In 2002 using a 1m diameter Gorlov Helical Turbine which produced about diameter Gorlov Helical Turbine which produced about 10kW in a 4 knot flow.10kW in a 4 knot flow.
As a result of these trials, a larger GHT (2.2m As a result of these trials, a larger GHT (2.2m diameter, 2.5m length) was designed and diameter, 2.5m length) was designed and manufactured by GCK and successfully tested by manufactured by GCK and successfully tested by KORDI in 2004KORDI in 2004
The GHT has also been successfully tested on floating The GHT has also been successfully tested on floating platforms off of Long Island, NY and in the Merrimack platforms off of Long Island, NY and in the Merrimack River in Massachusetts.River in Massachusetts.
3) Generation of hydrogen for fuel cells from the 3) Generation of hydrogen for fuel cells from the electrolysis of water from tidal currents that do electrolysis of water from tidal currents that do not need to be in close proximity to end-users.not need to be in close proximity to end-users.
The Gorlov Helical Turbine modules can be assembled in large-The Gorlov Helical Turbine modules can be assembled in large-scale power farms, as depicted in the artist’s conception above.scale power farms, as depicted in the artist’s conception above.
Detail of the Farm
Projected Power Farm1 2
3
4
4) Regrowth of Coral Reefs Using Biorock Technology: 4) Regrowth of Coral Reefs Using Biorock Technology: Karang Lestari coral reef and fisheries restoration Karang Lestari coral reef and fisheries restoration project, Indonesiaproject, Indonesia
Biorock shore protection project at Ihuru Island, Biorock shore protection project at Ihuru Island, Maldives, turned a severely eroding beach into Maldives, turned a severely eroding beach into 15 meters (50 feet) growth in a few years15 meters (50 feet) growth in a few years
Biorock shore protection project at Ihuru Island, Biorock shore protection project at Ihuru Island, Maldives, turned a severely eroding beach into Maldives, turned a severely eroding beach into 15 meters (50 feet) growth in a few years15 meters (50 feet) growth in a few years
Before: Severe erosionBefore: Severe erosion
Biorock reef in front of the beach uses electricity Biorock reef in front of the beach uses electricity to grow solid limestone rock on a steel frame and to grow solid limestone rock on a steel frame and to grow corals. This slows down waves, causes to grow corals. This slows down waves, causes sand to settle, and attracts fish.sand to settle, and attracts fish.
Biorock reef in front of the beach uses electricity Biorock reef in front of the beach uses electricity to grow solid limestone rock on a steel frame and to grow solid limestone rock on a steel frame and to grow corals. This slows down waves, causes to grow corals. This slows down waves, causes sand to settle, and attracts fish.sand to settle, and attracts fish.
A few years later:A few years later:beach has grownbeach has grown15 meters (50 ft.).15 meters (50 ft.).
Tidal energy canTidal energy cangrow Biorock reefsgrow Biorock reefs to protect wholeto protect wholeislands from seaislands from sealevel rise, whilelevel rise, whilerestoring theirrestoring theircoral reefs andcoral reefs and
fisheries fisheries
Biorock’s technology speeds the growth of coral reefs 3-5 Biorock’s technology speeds the growth of coral reefs 3-5 times and increases survival from severe high times and increases survival from severe high temperature 16-50 times. This rapidly increases fish temperature 16-50 times. This rapidly increases fish populations and creates ecotourism attractions.populations and creates ecotourism attractions.
Biorock’s technology can be used to regrow dying coral Biorock’s technology can be used to regrow dying coral reefs throughout the world, build coastal protection, reefs throughout the world, build coastal protection, restore fisheries, and create mariculture resources.restore fisheries, and create mariculture resources.
Biorock’s technology has been proven in field tests in Biorock’s technology has been proven in field tests in more than 20 Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean, and more than 20 Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean, and Southeast Asian countries.Southeast Asian countries.
Tidal Energy often found around coral reefs and atolls Tidal Energy often found around coral reefs and atolls can be used with Biorock’s technology to regrow reefs in can be used with Biorock’s technology to regrow reefs in an inexpensive, low-maintenance way using the helical an inexpensive, low-maintenance way using the helical turbine.turbine.
Biorock’s technology speeds the growth of coral reefs 3-5 Biorock’s technology speeds the growth of coral reefs 3-5 times and increases survival from severe high times and increases survival from severe high temperature 16-50 times. This rapidly increases fish temperature 16-50 times. This rapidly increases fish populations and creates ecotourism attractions.populations and creates ecotourism attractions.
Biorock’s technology can be used to regrow dying coral Biorock’s technology can be used to regrow dying coral reefs throughout the world, build coastal protection, reefs throughout the world, build coastal protection, restore fisheries, and create mariculture resources.restore fisheries, and create mariculture resources.
Biorock’s technology has been proven in field tests in Biorock’s technology has been proven in field tests in more than 20 Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean, and more than 20 Caribbean, Pacific, Indian Ocean, and Southeast Asian countries.Southeast Asian countries.
Tidal Energy often found around coral reefs and atolls Tidal Energy often found around coral reefs and atolls can be used with Biorock’s technology to regrow reefs in can be used with Biorock’s technology to regrow reefs in an inexpensive, low-maintenance way using the helical an inexpensive, low-maintenance way using the helical turbine.turbine.
ConclusionsConclusions
• Tidal Energy is sustainable, clean, and reliable.Tidal Energy is sustainable, clean, and reliable.
• Tidal Energy is widely distributed and can offer Tidal Energy is widely distributed and can offer significant benefits to many coastal nations.significant benefits to many coastal nations.
• Tide Energy can be captured in a practical, Tide Energy can be captured in a practical, efficient, cost-effective way.efficient, cost-effective way.
Tidal Energy deserves to be included on the list Tidal Energy deserves to be included on the list of sources of sustainable energy supported and of sources of sustainable energy supported and funded by funded by CSD, GEF, UNDP, IEA, UNIDO, CDM, CSD, GEF, UNDP, IEA, UNIDO, CDM, etc.etc.
Contact InformationThomas J. Goreau, Ph.D.
PresidentGlobal Coral Reef Alliance37 Pleasant StreetCambridge MA 02139 USA
+1 (617) 864-4226
http://www.globalcoral.org
Scott D. Anderson, Ph.D.
CoordinatorThe Tide-Energy Project near the Mouth of the Amazon
+1 (352) 246-8246 (mobile)
Prof. Alexander M. Gorlov
Chief Technology OfficerGCK Technology, Inc.607 Bluff Cliff DriveSan Antonio, TX 78216
+1 (617) 277-0986
Mr. Edward L. Kurth
President and General CounselGCK Technology, Inc.607 Bluff Cliff DriveSan Antonio, TX 78216
+1 (210) 496-5902