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Volume 1 Issue 25Temecula Valley

TIDBITS® RESEARCHESLIBRARIES FOR ALL

by Patricia L. Cook

Public libraries have existed since around 288 B.C. The best-known early public library, considered the fi rst, was the Great Library of Alexandria, properly called the Royal Library of Alexandria, in Egypt.

● The ancient library served as a great resource center for scholars as well as the general public. It had around 700,000 scrolls, equivalent to more than 100,000 printed books. The original library was destroyed after about 600 years. The exact date and cause of the destruction is unclear but many attribute its demise to Julius Caesar.● When the uprising in Egypt occurred earlier this year many people did not realize that a major world library might be destroyed again! The Bibliotheca Alexandrina was built from 1994 to 2002 to replace the ancient library. The new library, designed by a Norwegian fi rm, Shohetta, is modern with a glass-paneled roof inclined toward the Mediterranean Sea, symbolizing the image of the Egyptian sun illuminating the world.● The new library was protected by people joining hands around it. University students placed a huge national fl ag on the steps of the Bibliotheca as a sign to please respect the property. The Bibliotheca has space for about fi ve million books.

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LIBRARIES FOR ALL (continued)● That is not the largest library in the world though. The U.S. Library of Congress holds that honor with nearly 20 million books. The original building for the Library of Congress, established in 1800, was also destroyed by fire. It was burned by the British in 1814 during the War of 1812, and rebuilding starting immediately. Former President Thomas Jefferson sold his personal library to Congress to help replace the books that were destroyed. The appraised value of his collection was $23,950 and more than doubled the original library. ● Fire caused the loss of many books and entire libraries in the early years. Many churches and early government officials were instrumental in establishing and protecting history through donating works and rebuilding buildings after fires reduced libraries to ashes. ● In 1875, there were 188 public libraries in the United States. By 1886, there were more than 600. The importance of public libraries was steadily growing when Scottish-American Andrew Carnegie made books even more accessible.● Carnegie was one of the richest men in the world, making his fortune in steel production and construction. He resolved by the age of 33 to keep only $50,000 a year from his earnings and use the rest to help others. His “Gospel of Wealth,” was to “make no effort to increase fortune but spend the surplus each year for benevolent purposes. Cast aside business forever except for others.” He gave away more than $333 million — 90 percent of his fortune. Included in this benevolence was the creation of more than 1,600 free public library buildings in 1,412 American communities, 125 in Canada and more in his native Scotland and around the world. ● In order for a community to receive library funds from Carnegie, they had to commit to providing land for the building with room for expansion as needs arose and a budget for operation and maintenance. He insisted on community commitment. The first Carnegie Library was built in Dunfermline, Scotland, Carnegie’s hometown. The first in the United States was in Braddock, Pennsylvania. ● Many of the Carnegie Libraries in the United States are listed and protected on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the National Park Service and open for the public to enjoy. Even today, libraries are often designed

To Your Good Health By Paul G. Donohue, M.D.

Know the Signs of HeartValve Trouble

DEAR DR. DONOHUE: For the past five years I have known that I have aortic stenosis. I have no symptoms and no restrictions on what I do. My doctor says I need no treatment. I’m happy about that. Will I have a shortened life? I’m 55. --- S.B.

ANSWER: “Stenosis” indicates narrowing. The aortic valve closes when the heart pumps blood out and into the aorta and the entire body. Closure of the valve stops blood from leaking back into the heart. Because the valve and its opening have constricted, the heart has to pump harder to empty itself. That strains the heart, and, in time, leads to heart failure.Stenosis is relative. Its danger and its consequences de-pend on how narrow are the opening and valve. Doctors can get an accurate picture of the valve’s dimensions through an echocardiogram, a sound wave picture of the heart.When the valve and its opening reach a critical size, deci-sions are made about the best treatment. Often, it’s sur-gery with the installation of an artificial valve. If a severely narrowed valve goes untreated, three symp-toms develop: chest pain on activity (angina), shortness of breath and fainting spells. Death occurs within three or fewer years unless a new valve is put in place. Surgery is usually performed well before these signs make their appearance. You might never need a correction if the nar-rowing process stops.You probably wonder how you acquired the valve prob-lem. You might have been born with a valve that had mi-nor defects, which promoted narrowing. Calcifications could have settled on the valve. Or you might have had rheumatic fever as a child, which caused valve deformity.The booklet on heart-valve disorders gives a comprehen-sive view on these valves and their treatment. Readers can obtain a copy by writing: Dr. Donohue -- No. 105W, Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475. Enclose a check or money order (no cash) for $4.75 U.S./$6 Canada with the recipient’s printed name and address. Please allow four weeks for delivery.

DEAR DR. DONOHUE: I have had three attacks of gallbladder pain due to gallstones. My doctor is push-ing me to have my gallbladder removed. The prospect of surgery doesn’t thrill me. Can’t these stones be treated in some other way? How does my body func-tion without a gallbladder? -- R.C.

ANSWER: Have the surgery. You have had three attacks of gallbladder pain; you’re bound to have more. You won’t find the surgery as frightening as you imagine. Of-ten, it is done through small incisions with the guidance of a scope.The body does quite well without a gallbladder. It’s a res-ervoir for bile, which is made in the liver. When a person eats a meal that has fat in it, as most meals do, the gall-bladder contracts, sending a jet of bile into the digestive tract to promote fat digestion. Without a gallbladder for storage, bile drips into the digestive tract on a constant basis; that works out well.Medicines can dissolve gallstones. They take a long time to work, and the stones have to be small. Frequently, the stones re-form after medicines are stopped.

For Advertising Call (951) 695-2323 Page 3LIBRARIES FOR ALL (continued)

as fantastic structures that draw people with their architectural signifi cance. Then the magic of books and reading keeps them intrigued!● Seattle, Washington, received a generous donation from Carnegie after its library was totally destroyed by fi re on January 2, 1901. Four days later, Carnegie agreed to donate $200,000 to build a new “fi reproof” library. ● In 2004, the third building housing the Seattle Central Public Library located at the original Carnegie site, 1000 Fourth Avenue, was opened. This building was a result of the largest library bond issue ever submitted in the United States. The “Libraries for All” bond was for a proposed $196.4 million for a makeover of the entire Seattle Public Library system, including the new Central building. The project was completed in 2008 with donations and other gifts totaling $290.7 million. The new library is a beautiful architectural gem that is bustling with activity. Carnegie would be proud that he helped encourage this years ago! ● The Toronto Public Library system is the largest in Canada with 99 branches. It also has the distinction of being the world’s busiest urban library system. Toronto is still using seven of the 10 libraries that were opened in the city using Carnegie grants.● Two of the most unique public libraries in the world are in the country of Columbia. Three rock-like buildings on a prominent peak overlooking the city of Medellín offer patrons a beautiful place to browse the open stacks of books and a wonderful view. The building looks like three separate dark stones, but they are all connected underground. ● The other unique library in Columbia travels on the backs of two donkeys!

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1. In 2010, pitcher Arthur Rhodes tied a major-league record with 33 consecutive scoreless appearances. Who also holds the mark?2. Twice during the 1980s, a relief pitcher won the N.L. Rookie of the Year Award. Name either pitcher.

3. The University of Michigan had retired only fi ve numbers in football entering the 2011 season. Name three of the fi ve.4. How many seasons of at least 50 wins did the San Antonio Spurs have in the past 20 seasons (1991-92 through 2010-11).5. Before the 2010-11 season (32 goals), what was the lowest goal total for a season for Washing-ton’s Alex Ovechkin?6. When was the last time before 2011 that Penn State won an NCAA wrestling team champion-ship? 7. In 2011, golfer Luke Donald became the second player in a row from England to win the Match Play Championship. Who was the fi rst?

1. MOVIES: Which one of Alfred Hitchcock’s fi lms won a Best Picture award?2. PRESIDENTS: Who was the 21st president of the United States?3. LANGUAGE: What does the Greek prefi x “xeno” mean?4. TELEVISION: What was the name of the 1950s game show hosted by Groucho Marx?5. FOOD & DRINK: What are the eight vegeta-bles in V8 juice?6. AD SLOGANS: What was the peanut butter that “picky people pick”?7. RELIGION: What was the religion of William Penn, founder of Pennsylvania?8. MUSIC: What were Frosty’s eyes made of in the children’s Christmas song?9. LITERATURE: John Steinbeck’s novel “Sweet Thursday” is a sequel to what earlier book?10. GEOGRAPHY: Where is the mouth of the Mekong River located?

LIBRARIES FOR ALL (continued)“Biblioburro” is the service offered by Luis Soriano, a primary school teacher who saw the need for rural children to have more access to books. The burros, Alfa and Beto (based on the word “alphabet”), have been carrying Luis and books to more than 4,000 youngsters since 1990. He and his wife also built the largest free library in Madgalena, next to their home. ● Similar to the Biblioburro are bookmobiles, bus-sized vehicles driven into rural areas and allowing children and adults to peruse the shelves for reading material. The fi rst was actually a book wagon used in Washington County, Maryland, in 1905. Modern bookmobiles are still in use today. ● While the fi rst public libraries consisted of many volumes of scrolls mostly made of papyrus and displayed in pigeon-hole shelves, today’s libraries contain hard and soft bound books, magazines, computers, music, movies and more. Libraries have been and will continue to be an important part of communities. Check out your public library soon!

OVERCOMING THE ODDS:ADAM TALIAFERRO

While playing in his fi fth college football game for the Penn State Nittany Lions on September 23, 2000, Adam Taliaferro sustained a career-ending spinal cord injury.

● Adam was only 18 when his football career came to an end. He had been a standout cornerback and running back for Eastern High School in Voorhees Township, New Jersey. He averaged 9.4 yards (8.6 m) per run, had 62 touchdowns and seven interceptions in his two years of varsity football. ● Taliaferro also set his high school’s high jump record for the track team at 6 feet, 6 inches (2 m) and was a starting player on the varsity basketball team for all four years of high school. He was a naturally gifted athlete with a glowing future. ● Coach Joe Paterno and the Penn State

Page 5For Advertising Call (951) 695-2323

ADAM TALIAFERRO (continued)followers had high hopes for freshman Taliaferro, a great addition to their university squad. When Taliaferro was told before the game against Ohio State that he would get some playing time that day, he called his parents to let them know. They were watching on television when Taliaferro hit the ground awkwardly after tackling Jerry Westbrooks of Ohio State. He didn’t get up. ● Taliaferro burst the fifth cervical vertebra in his neck and bruised his spinal cord when he hit Westbrooks’ knee and the turf with his helmet. Paralyzed from the neck down, the immediate expert attention Taliaferro received on the field as his teammates and the crowd prayed provided for the beginning of a miraculous recovery. He was taken to Ohio State University Medical Center where successful spinal fusion surgery was performed. He was then transferred to Thomas Jefferson University Hospital. ● On October 6, Taliaferro was taken to Magee Regional Spinal Cord Injury Center, one of the top hospitals in the country for his injury.● At a news conference at Magee, less than six weeks after his injury, even though Taliaferro’s prognosis had been terrible at the beginning, he told the crowd: “When I first got here, I couldn’t move anything. Now they’ve got me moving my legs and my arms and everything!” His father called it a “miracle in progress.”● Taliaferro worked hard and with excellent care was able to walk, skip and then jog onto the field leading Penn State onto the field for the first game of the 2001 season. Even though he couldn’t return to playing the game he loved, he did return as a student-assistant coach and earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Labor and Industrial Relations in 2005. ● Today, Taliaferro’s future is still glowing but in a much different way than expected. He obtained a law degree from Rutgers in Camden, New Jersey, in 2008. He is a practicing personal injury attorney. He also runs the Adam Taliaferro Foundation, which provides financial, educational and emotional support to athletes who suffer head or spinal injuries in sanctioned team events in New Jersey, Pennsylvania or Delaware. The foundation also provides support related to research, prevention and care for those injuries. ● Taliaferro also finds time to work as a motivational speaker, encouraging athletes and others to persevere. He is getting married this fall and has said, “I don’t have any kids, but if I do have a son, I’m going to have him out there at 7. I just love the game of football.”

Celiac Disease is a lifelong, autoimmune, digestive disorder affecting both children and adults. When people eat foods that contain gluten, it creates an immune-mediated toxic reaction that causes dam-age to the small intestine and does not allow food to be properly absorbed. Celiac Disease is a multi-symptom, multi-system disorder, activated by eat-ing gluten-proteins found in wheat, barley and rye. It is estimated that 1 out of 133 people have Celiac Disease, but 97% of those people go undiagnosed.

Hemet Chapter CDF Meets 2nd Saturday9:30 am, Red Robin. Please join us !

www. tidbitssocal.com Page 6DON’T BE SHEEPISH!

We owe a lot to sheep. These animals provide us with wool for sweaters, socks, coats and more as well as meat to eat and milk to drink or to make into cheese.

● There are over 900 breeds of sheep in the world. Only about 40 breeds are raised in America, with Texas being the state that has the most. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the inventory of sheep and lamb in the United States in July 2010 was almost 7 million. ● Sheep are gentle, timid and quiet animals. They are social and have a strong instinct to stay with their flocks, becoming agitated if they are separated. Sheep graze on short, tender grasses and clover. They graze for an average of seven hours per day! ● Many stories have been told of sheep being so stupid that they will follow each other off a cliff. This is due to their flock mentality, and it truly can happen. However, there have been studies and observations that show that some sheep are pretty smart.● According to www.sheep101.info citing a BBC News story from 2004, some hungry sheep taught themselves to roll across an 8-foot (3 m) cattle grid in order to feast on villagers’ gardens! Hopefully someday this will be caught on video! ● A breed known for high intelligence and great leadership ability is the Icelandic Leadersheep. These sheep will run in front of

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the fl ock, guiding other sheep through snowdrifts, across rivers and ice-covered ground. They have been known to take fl ocks back to the safety of their farm ahead of a blizzard.● Sheep belong to the ruminant classifi cation of animals, characterized by their stomachs that have compartments to accommodate “cud-chewing.” It is often said that sheep (and cows, goats, etc.) have four stomachs, but actually they have one stomach with four parts. When sheep eat a mouthful of grass, they chew it only enough to wet it. The cud, called a food bolus is a “soft mass of chewed food” and goes to the fi rst two parts of the stomach. When the sheep is full and lies down, it will regurgitate a cud and chew it thoroughly. After this thorough chewing, the cud will go to the last two parts of the stomach for the completion of digestion. ● In the Western United States, where sheep are still overseen by shepherds in some mountainous areas, and rodeos are big entertainment, mutton busting is a fun event to watch. This is for small children, 4 to 7 years old, weighing less than 50 pounds (23 kg). The kids try to ride sheep bareback across the arena. The goal is to ride for six seconds hanging on to the sheep’s wool. Most riders don’t make it that long as the wooly sheep dislodge them quickly. The kiddos do wear helmets for protection, and adults are close by to assist. ● Sheep provide high-quality, useful products. Most sheep need to be sheared once a year and provide from 2 to 30 pounds (1 to 14 kg) of wool annually. Most sheep live 10 to 12 years, so they provide a lot of wool in their lifetimes. Some sheep, of course, are used for meat, milk and cheese. The best meat is from lambs.

DEAR PAW’S CORNER: Why does my dog, “Jack,” eat nonstop? If I don’t hide his food, he will eat it all. He’s even broken into the pantry where I kept his dog food and torn the bag open to get at it. Is there something wrong with him? -- Kerrie J., via e-mail

DEAR KERRIE: It’s always wise to check with your veterinarian if your pet’s behavior is worrisome to you. If Jack only recently started eating nonstop, tell the vet about this behavioral change. He or she may want to take a look at Jack to rule out any possible health issues.Many dog owners, however, fi nd it necessary to hide the dog food and store any easy-to-open people food on high shelves where their dog can’t reach. This is because many dogs will eat everything in sight for as long as they can, way past the point of being full. This doesn’t just put them at risk of obesity, it puts them at risk of bloat, a condition that can be fatal.Eating people food also puts pets at risk for other conditions -- for example, onions are poisonous to dogs, as is chocolate.Feed your dog according to the guidelines for his size and breed -- often these are printed on the dog-food packaging, or you can ask the vet how much and how often he should eat. Make sure Jack cannot access any food, or the garbage, when unsupervised.If Jack overeats again, watch him closely for signs of bloat. These include sudden behavioral change, anxiety or restlessness, frequent attempts to vomit with no success, attempts to defecate without result, a bloated abdomen that may feel tight as a drum, and a hunched-over appearance. If you observe any of these, get Jack to the veterinarian immediately -- do not wait.

Send your question or comment to ask@pawscorner.com, or write to Paw’s Corner, c/o King Features Weekly Service, P.O. Box 536475, Orlando, FL 32853-6475. For more pet care-related advice and information, visit www.pawscorner.com.

Dog Eats NonstopBy Samantha Mazzotta

Hello, I’m GINA !

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www. tidbitssocal.com Page 8

1. “Rebecca”2. Chester Arthur3. Strange or foreign4. “You Bet Your Life”5. Tomatoes, spinach, beets, carrots, celery, lettuce, parsley and watercress6. Peter Pan Peanut Butter7. He was a Quaker8. Coal9. “Cannery Row”10. Vietnam

1. Mike Myers (2000) and Mark Guthrie (2002).2. The Dodgers’ Steve Howe in 1980 and St. Louis’ Todd Worrell in 1986.3. No. 11 (Wistert broth-ers: Francis, Albert and Alvin), No. 47 (Bennie Oosterbaan), No. 48 (Ger-ald Ford), No. 87 (Ron Kramer) and No. 98 (Tom Harmon).4. Sixteen.5. Forty-six (2006-07).6. It was 1953.7. Ian Poulter.