Ch. 8 Open Book Quiz

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1

The map shows that Alexander’s empire extended to which river in the East?

A) EuphratesB) IndusC) NileD) Tigris

2

According to the map, which body of water bordered Alexander’s empire on the west?

A) Arabian SeaB) Caspian SeaC) Persian GulfD) Mediterranean Sea

3

According to the map, which city of Alexander’s empire was in Egypt?

A) AlexandriaB) AthensC) PersepolisD) Susa

4 Homer’s epic, the Iliad, is about

A) Alexander the Great.B) Gilgamesh.C) the oracle at Delphi.D) the Trojan War.

5 Aesop’s fables were a part of Greek

A) architecture.B) oral tradition.C) politics.D) temples.

6 Who thought that governments should be headed by philosopher-kings?

A) Alexander the GreatB) AristophanesC) JasonD) Plato

7 Aristotle taught his students the

A) “golden mean.”B) “golden rule.”C) golden way.D) Golden Fleece.

8 Who was sentenced to death for his teachings?

A) PlatoB) SocratesC) ArchidemesD) Aristotle

9 Who taught students that the universe followed the same laws that governed music and numbers?

A) HippocratesB) ThucydidesC) PythagorasD) Miletus

10 Which Greek scientist concluded that Earth was round?

A) EuclidB) ArchimedesC) EratosthenesD) Epicurus

11 Through mythology, the Greek people expressed their

A) religious beliefs.B) love of poetry.C) love of sport.D) political beliefs.

12 This Greek poet wrote several epic poems about heroic deeds, including the Iliad.

A) AesopB) OdysseusC) CroesusD) Homer

13 What are the two types of drama that the Greeks performed at religious festivals?

A) comedy and tragedyB) myth and fableC) epic and tragedyD) comedy and myth

14 The three best-known dramatists who wrote Greek tragedies were Aeschylus, Euripides, and

A) Aristophanes.B) Homer.C) Sophocles.D) Aesop.

15 The three types of columns the Greeks used in their buildings were Doric, Ionic, and

A) Athenian.B) Corinthian.C) Parthenon.D) Gregorian.

16 This philosopher taught that the universe was governed by the same laws as music and numbers.

A) PlatoB) PythagorasC) AristotleD) Herodotus

17 The word philosophy means

A) “love of history.”B) “love of science.”C) “love of wisdom.”D) “love of mathematics.”

18 Socrates was an Athenian sculptor whose true love was

A) writing.B) drama.C) philosophy.D) giving lectures.

19 Who is considered to be the “father of history”?

A) HerodotusB) ThucydidesC) AristotleD) Plato

20 Which public speaker said that the Macedonian king Philip II was considered a threat to Greek freedom?

A) PlatoB) AristotleC) DemosthenesD) Thucydides

21 Alexander and his army of 40,000 Greek and Macedonian soldiers, including cavalry units, defeated an army ofPersians in modern-day northwestern Turkey in the Battle of

A) Granicus.B) Syria.C) Alexandria.D) Gaugamela.

22 Alexander’s main enemy, the king of the Persians, was

A) Phillip II.B) Issus.C) Homer.D) Darius III.

23 After his death, Alexander’s empire fell apart because his

A) wife gave away the throne.B) army was sick with plague.C) children did not like war.D) generals fought one another.

24 In Hellenistic kingdoms, government business was conducted in which language?

A) EgyptianB) PersianC) GreekD) Macedonian

25 Alexandria was the Greek capital of Egypt, and was most famous among scholars for its

A) grand art museums.B) exciting architecture.C) famous theaters.D) vast library.

26 Hellenistic kings wanted which city to serve as a cultural model for all other cities?

A) AthensB) AlexandriaC) RhodesD) Zeno

27 Who is known as “the father of medicine”?

A) HypatiaB) AristarchusC) HippocratesD) Hipparchus

28 The Greek scientist who concluded that the sun is the center of the solar system, and that the Earth revolves aroundthe Sun, was

A) Aristarchus.B) Euclid.C) Eratosthenes.D) Epicurus.

29 Archimedes, a scientist, mathematician, and inventor, is best known in the field of mathematics for

A) inventing plane geometry.B) computing the closest value of pi.C) organizing mathematical ideas into the book “Elements.”D) figuring the circumference of the Earth.

Plato,as quoted in Eyewitness to HistoryPlato,as quoted in Eyewitness to History

"'I may and must pray to the gods that my departure hence be a fortunate one; so I offer this prayer and may it be granted.' With thesewords he [Socrates] raised the cup to his lips and very cheerfully drained it. Up to that time most of us had been able to restrain ourtears fairly well, but when we...saw that time most of us had drunk the poison, we could do no longer...[I]t was not for him that i wept,but for my own misfortune in being deprived of such a friend.... Such was the end ...of our friend, who was, as we may say, of all of histime whom we have known, the best abd wiset and most righteous man."

—Plato,as quoted in Eyewitness to History

Excerpt from Phaedo, Volume 1, by Plato. Translated by H. N. Fowler. London: William Heinemann, 1913.

Use this passage to answer questions 30-34

30

According to the passage, when did those around Socrates begin to cry?

A) when he made his prayerB) when he actually diedC) when they saw him drink the poisonD) they did not cry

31

In this passage, what did Socrates mean by “my departure hence”?

A) his deathB) his transfer to another jailC) his releaseD) his prayer

32

What words in the passage tell you that Socrates faced death bravely?

A) “most righteous”B) “he had drunk the poison”C) “our friend”D) “very cheerfully”

33

In this passage, what did Plato feel for Socrates?

A) deep hatredB) deep admirationC) mild hatredD) mild admiration

34

Which is the best explanation in the passage for why Plato wept?

A) He was sad for Socrates.B) He was losing a friend and respected teacher.C) He was scared he might be next.D) He was sad for his fellow students.

Anthony LiveseyAnthony Livesey

"Alexender made a reconnaissance[secret inspection] in person of the enemy's strength and dispositions[military prepartions] and,despite the eagerness of most of his generals, he decided against an immediate night attack. Instead, he retired [returned] to his tent todevise [plan] his strategy. HE ordered his troops to be well fed and then rest. Darius, on the other hand, mindful of Alexender'sunpredictable manoeuvers [military movements], orderd his army to stand to throughout the night in readiness for surprise attack. It iscertain that the alertness of one side and the fatigue [tiredness]of the other played at least some part in the outcome of battle next day."

—Anthony Livesey, Battles of the Great Commanders

Battle of the Great Commanders, by Anthony Livesey. Copyright ©1990 by Anthony Livesy. Published by Tiger Books International.

Use this passage to answer questions 35-39

35

According to this excerpt, what did Alexander’s generals want him to do?

A) stage a morning attackB) stage a night attackC) determine the enemy’s strengthD) devise a strategy

36

In this excerpt, what did Darius expect Alexander to do?

A) stage a morning attackB) stage a night attackC) wait for Darius to begin the battleD) retire to his tent

37

The last sentence of the passage hints of what outcome?

A) There is no battle.B) Darius wins the battle.C) Alexander wins the battle.D) They fight, but neither side wins.

38

Who discussed in this passage was most tired the next day?

A) Darius’s armyB) Alexander’s armyC) Neither armyD) Both armies

39

This excerpt states that Alexander’s army was alert because they

A) had stood guard all night.B) expected a night attack.C) were poorly fed and tired.D) were well fed and rested.

40 Who invented technologies requiring knowledge of physics?

A) Philip IIB) HomerC) EuripidesD) Archimedes

41 This author wrote in The Republic that an ideal nation would have a just and fair government led by philosopher-kings.

A) AristotleB) PlatoC) AristophanesD) Socrates

42 Who believed that the best form of government combined parts of monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy?

A) SocratesB) ZeusC) Aristotle D) Plato

43 The Greeks hoped to earn the favor of their gods and goddesses by performing

A) oral traditions such as mythology.B) rituals, sacrifices, and festivals.C) tragedies.D) oracles.

44 How did Philip II get some Greek cities to join him?

A) by conquering, inviting, and bribingB) by marrying into a ruling familyC) by inheriting ruleD) by destroying

45 Who told King Ptolemy that if he wanted to truly understand plane geometry, he would have to study hard?

A) EuclidB) PythagorasC) AristotleD) Poseidon

46 This Macedonian king loved Greek culture and planned to conquer Persia.

A) Alexander the GreatB) AeschylusC) Philip IID) Homer

47 Who was the goddess of wisdom and crafts and was so popular that she had a major city-state named in her honor?

A) AphroditeB) ArtemisC) AthenaD) Apollo

48 Herodotus wrote

A) the Odyssey.B) the History of the Persian Wars.C) The Republic.D) Antigone.

49

According to this Greek Gods and Goddesses chart, who was the god of the underworld?

A) AphroditeB) AthenaC) HeraD) Hades

50

This Greek Gods and Goddesses chart shows that Zeus is Aphrodite’s

A) brother.B) husband.C) father.D) grandfather.

Homer, the Iliad Book IHomer, the Iliad Book I

Sing, O goddness, the anger of Achilles, son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaenes.Many a brave soul did it sendhurrying down to Hades [the underworld], and many a hero did it yield a prey [make into one that it hunted] to dogs and vultures, for sowere the counsels[advice] of Jove fulfils [made true] from the day on which the son of Artreus, king of men, and great Achillies, first outwith[become angry with] one another.

—Homer, the Iliad Book I, Translated by Samuel Butler

The Illiad of Homer. Translated by Samuel Butler. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1898.

Use this passage to answer questions 51-53

51

Who, according to Homer, are angry with each other?

A) Jove and PeleusB) Achilles and the son of AtreusC) Atreus and the goddessD) the Achaeans and Hades

52

In the Iliad, what was the result of Achilles’s anger against the Achaeans?

A) countless ills and deathB) plagueC) great conquestsD) shared wealth among great riches

53

According to this passage from the Iliad, what does “many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures”mean?

A) Dogs hunted vultures.B) Dogs and vultures hunted each other.C) Many heroes died.D) Many brave soldiers were sent to join Zeus on Mount Olympus