time is motion a corpus-based study on the quantitative distribution of conceptual metaphors in...
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TIME IS MOTION
A CORPUS-BASED STUDY ON THE QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN TRANSLATED AND NON-TRANSLATED ENGLISH
Claudia Förster Hegrenæs, [email protected] 21, 2014
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Research question
Counting occurences of lexical
expressions of conceptual metaphors,
what does translated English look like
in comparision to non-translated
English?
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Research questions
1. Are there quantitative differences between the
occurrences of metaphorical expressions of the
conceptual metaphor TIME IS MOTION in translated
and non-translated English?
2. What do possible differences look like? Are
metaphorical expressions over- or underrepresented
in translated text compared to non-translated text?
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Methodology I – lexical representation
TIME IS MOTION
target domain TIME source domain MOTION
represented as nouns• time• day• evening• etc.
represented as verbs of motion• go, goes, went• run, runs, ran• walk, walks, walked• etc.
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Methodology II – corpus search
1. non – translated English:
British National Corpus (BNC)
and
Corpus of Contemporary American
English (COCA)
2. translated English:
Translational English Corpus (TEC)
corpus search for lemmatized forms [noun] [verb]
Example: [time] [go] = rumour has it he’s getting wilder and wilder as time goes on (BNC:fict_prose)
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Methodology III – data processing (SPSS)
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Data I Observed token distribution per corpus
Corpus
Observed
frequencies Percent
COCA 5570 81.3
BNC 709 10.4
TEC 571 8.3
Total 6850 100.0
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Data II Cross-tabulation normalized distribution per ten million words for noun/translated
nountranslated
yes no
time 157.0 39.9
day 121.0 15.9
life 38.0 12.5
night 70.0 10.9
year 40.0 8.8
moment 23.0 8.3
season 4.0 4.8
week 18.0 4.4
morning 11.0 3.3
month 25.0 3.0
evening 21.0 2.8
hour 27.0 2.5
minute 5.0 1.7
end 5.0 1.6
age 1.0 0.8
Sunday 3.0 0.6
future 0 0.4
century 0 0.4
decade 0 0.2
May 2.0 0.1
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Data IIICross-tabulation normalized distribution per ten million words for verb/translated
verbtranslated
yes no
go 236.0 49.5
come 208.0 49.5
fall 49.0 8.5
run 6.0 4.6
arrive 30.0 3.6
roll 7.0 3.2
fly 22.0 2.0
return 10.0 1.0
rise 0 0.4
enter 2.0 0.3
leave 1.0 0.2
travel 0 0.1
jump 0 0.1
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Data V
Cross-tabulation normalized distribution per ten million words for genre/translated
genre
translated
yes no
Non-Fiction 102 66
Fiction 469 57
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Data IVCross-tabulation normalized distribution for tense/translated
verb form
translated
yes no
past 389 65
present 161 52
infinitive 21 6
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Results – descriptive analysis
Regarding the four variables noun, verb,
tense and genre, per ten million words
there are more instances of metaphorical
expressions of the conceptual metaphor
TIME IS MOTION in translated English
than in non-translated English.
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Q&A
Förster Hegrenæs, Claudia. "Conceptual metaphors in translation – A corpus based study on
quantitative differences between translated and non-translated English." Metaphor and Intercultural
Communication. Ed. Andreas Musolff, Fiona MacArthur and Giulio Pagani. London: Bloomsbury
Academic, 2014.
Förster Hegrenæs, Claudia. TIME IS MOTION. A corpus-based study on the quantitative use of
cognitive metaphors in translated and non-translated English. Thesis. Department of Foreign
Languages, University of Bergen/Norway, 2011. (https://bora-uib-no.pva.uib.no/handle/1956/5349)