tissue engineering. mouse ears 1997 mit
TRANSCRIPT
Tissue Engineering
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PEc7QXAjsL4&feature=related
Mouse Ears
1997 MIT
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvSxZ4JKQAY&feature=related
Engineering Tissue
Corneal Tissue Engineering
Blood vessel tissue engineering
Liver tissue engineering
Cartilage tissue engineering
Bone tissue engineering
Key Factors involving tissue engineering
Cell Culture( stem cell, osteoblast,
chondrocyte, hepatocyte
Signaling Molecules (Growth
Factors, proteins
Scaffold( ceramics
collagen, polymers)
Tissue/Organ regeneration
Interactive traids of responsive cells
Supportive matrix
Bioactive molecules promoting
differentiation and regeneration
Application of tissue engineering
3D culture
TransplantationCellular and tissue bases productAlternative to animal test
Developing procedures used in cartilage tissue engineering
1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation
Principle approach
Autologous cell transplant
Performed tissue flaps 3D construct
In vivo regeneration and guided tissue repair
Important
component Periosteal flaps( 修補組織 骨骼 )
Delivery substances and scaffold( 體內重新建構 )
Growth factors and biomaterials( 體內再生 )
Cartilage Tissue Engineering
I. Autologous chondrocyte
1. Isolation of tissue sample from patients
2. Tissue regeneration by precursor cells
or embryonic stem cells
articular cartilage repair, nasal septal
cartilage scaffolds for cartilage for
tissue repair
ECM ( Extra cellular Matrix)
ECM interaction directly influence cell signaling via
cell adhesion molecules such as integrin and
cadhedrin, fibronectin, collagen, laminin….
Extracellular Matrix in relation to epithelium endothelium and connective tissue
Epithelial cell
Basement membrane
Endothelial lining the capillary
Connective tissue with interatitial matrix
Fibroblast
http://inano.au.dk/organization/research-groups/nanobiointerfaces/research/steering-stem-cell-differentiation/
Steering Stem Cell Differentiation
Differentiation of stem cells induced by binding to extracellular matrix components (e.g. proteins such as fibronectin, collagen and laminin)components
II. Scaffold for tissue construction
1. Act as shape and guidance template for
in vitro and in vivo tissue development
2. Permit 3D immobilization and maintain
differentiation
materials: hyaluronic acid, collagen, alginate,
chutosan, synthetic biodegradable poly( -
hydroxy ester) polyacetic acid,( PLIA), polyglycolic
acid( PGA), PLGA……
Chondrocyte or Mesenchyma stem cell
Polymer fiberEmbedding medium
( hydrogel)
Tissue scafold +Cellsand
Growth factors
In vivo transplant
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QJh0yc2mAI&feature=related
Engineering Organs from Scratch
Tissue in cardiovascular structure
Advantages:
1. Avoid repeat operation
2. No rejection by the patients immune system
3. Cells behave like endothelial cells may have low
thrombus formation and low infection
i.e. valves, blood vessels, vascular patches
Basic steps in tissue engineering of a cardiac valve
Bone marrow cells harvest
Valve scaffold
Cell- scaffold construct
Approaches to create a vascular graft
Cross linking
Exogenous chemicals
Mechanical stimulations
Cells + tubular scaffold Endothelial lining In vivo implantation
Smooth muscle cells progenitor cells collagen gel/elastin fibrin
Extra cellular matrix
Biodegradable polymers
Autulogous EC Circulating EPC Allogenic EC Embryonic stem cell
Non-thromgenicity Immune response Remodeling
American Journal of Transplantation 2004; 4 (Suppl. 6): 36–42
http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/explorer/4828/Photos/3671755be79cd210VgnVCM1000000100007fRCRD#tab-Videos/09347_00
How to Build a Beating Heart
http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/explorer/4828/Photos/3671755be79cd210VgnVCM1000000100007fRCRD#tab-Videos/10008_00
http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/series/explorer/4828/Photos/3671755be79cd210VgnVCM1000000100007fRCRD#tab-Videos/09346_00
Artificial skinskin substitute
Adhere to the substrate,
Durable and sufficiently elastic
Tolerate some deformation
Allow evaporative water loss
Provide a microbial barrier
Promote homeostasis
Easy to use
Readily available immediately after injury, and elicit a Regeneration-like response from the wound bed without evoking an inflammatory, foreign-body, or non- self immunologic reaction.
Annu. Rev. Med. 2000. 51:231–244
Artificial skin
Artificial skin
Therapy using Artificial skin
MSC (Mesenchyma Stem Cells)
Proliferate in cultures
Differentiate into multiple mesenchyma lineage
ie. correction of genetic disorder of ,
i.e bone cartilage
Cell seeding on cotton gauze framed collagen substratum
Formation of multilayer mesenchyma cells
Physical detachment
3D culture
Preparation of 3-D mesenchyma cells
Seeding of mesenchyma cells
confluent mesenchyma cells
Seeding of epithelial cells
Coculture of epithelial and mesenchyma cells
Detachment of epithelial cells –attached
mesenchyma cell sheet
Formation of hetero-spheroid
Preparation of 3-D mesenchyma cells
Osteoblast
Arise from mesenchyma cells( MSC)
MSC may be differentiate into osteoblast in vitro
Cultured osteoblast may form extracellular
matrix in culture
Bone marrow derived osteoblast
Cultured bone
T. Uemura et al. / Biomaterials 24 (2003) 2277–2286
Transplantation of cultured bone cells
Bone marrow derived osteoblast
Cultured bone
Transplantation of cultured bone cells
T. Uemura et al. / Biomaterials 24 (2003) 2277–2286
T. Uemura et al. / Biomaterials 24 (2003) 2277–2286
T. Uemura et al. / Biomaterials 24 (2003) 2277–2286
http://www.jove.com/details.php?id=2691
Elastomeric PGS Scaffolds in Arterial Tissue Engineering
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofiLcTs7_Ys&feature=related
Tissue Engineering -- Building Body Parts