Title ATitle A

Detailed StudyDetailed Study

Structure AnalysisStructure Analysis

Background InformationBackground Information

ExercisesExercises

Unit 8 Education in ChinaText A Pressure Cooker

General Discussion

1. Would you lead a life like in a pressure cooker? What are the advantages and disadvantages of feeling pressured?

2. What do you think has caused most of the primary school students to have mental and behavioral problems? Is there any good solution to help them out of trouble? How?

Compulsory education law

Educational stages in China

Age Education Compulsory

18-22 University or college No

15-18Senior high school (middle school) or Vocational school

No

12-15 Junior middle schoolYes

6-12 Primary school

Background Information

1. Reading Comprehension. 1. Why could not Cen Cheng focus on his study recently? A. Because he often feels uncomfortable. B. Because he sometimes loses his appetite. C. Because he sometimes is gluttonous. D. Because he has some psychological problems resulted from his

parents’ pressure.

2. Which of the following items does Cen Jun NOT like his son to do? A. to attend training courses for the Math Olympics B. to take violin lessons. C. to play with his little friends in the neighborhood D. to grasp two or three foreign languages

3. What is the percentage of the primary school students who feel uncomfortable because of the heavy pressure of study in China?

A. More than seventy percent B. 57.6 percent C. Nearly half of them D. 20 percent 4. What are the experts especially concerned about? A. Personality formation B. Mental disorders C. Development of sociability D. All the above-mentioned

5. What is the main idea of the reading passage?A. The issue of primary school students’ study pressure becomes more

serious, and enough attention must be paid to it. B. Primary school students’ study pressure will cause some mental

and behavioral problems.C. Experts are finding various solutions to lessen the primary school

students’ study pressure.D. Primary school students need to learn how to deal with their study

pressure.

2. Structure Analysis

•Part I: (Para. 1-4) A typical primary school student’s lifestyle.

•Part II: (Para.5-6) More primary school students have the same similar problems with Cen Cheng.

•Part III (Para. 7): Experts’ concern about primary school students.

Structure Analysis

•Part I: (Para. 1-4) A typical primary school student’s lifestyle.

Paragraph 1: A recent problem in Cen Cheng’s study:_________________________________Paragraph 2: A reason for his recent problem is pressure.

Paragraph 3: Cen Cheng’s father disputes that his son faces a lot of pressure.

Paragraph 4: Cen Cheng’s childhood is unbalanced because

___________________________________________________________________________

his attention has begun to wander

he has learned to give up certain activities and spends most of his spare time studying

Structure Analysis•Part II: (Para.5-6) more primary school students have the same similar problems with Cen Cheng

Paragraph 5: the study pressure easily leads to __________________________________________

Paragraph 6: 57.6% of the students are in agony because ______________________________________

Part III: (Para. 7) experts’ concern about primary school students

Paragraph 7: the experts are concerned because_____________________________________________

_______

they face the heavy pressure of study

psychological disorders and even social problems

the children are in an important period of character building.

3. Vocabulary • attend sociability admission • likely agonized symptom1. Chest pains may be symptomatic of heart disease, you see, that is a very common sign.2. Each ticket admits two people to the party, no one could be allowed to enter without tickets.3. Judged from the words that he uttered in his agony, he must have been the last survivor of a considerable company of men.4. She’s a regular attender at evening classes, because she is so eager to learn and would never like to miss any class.5. In all likelihood the meeting will be cancelled. It has been raining so heavily for a few days, so it must be very possible. 6. He has never really been the sociable type. That is to say, he is not fond of the company of other people at all.

• Task B ： Match the words with their definitions on the right.

1. ___e___ appetite a. strong and firm in construction; able to support weight or resist pressure; substantial2. ___f___ concerned b. principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis3. ___d___ impede c. (of hunger ， etc.) to a great extent4. ___b___ foundation d. hinder or obstruct the progress or movement of (sb/sth)5. ___a___ solid e. physical desire, esp for food or pleasure6. ___c___ ravenous f. worried; troubled

• Grammar Practice1. I got in touch with Charles ______ I received his letter. A. when immediately B. soon C. immediately D.

suddenly

2. I have been keeping the portrait ______ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris.

A. since B. where C. as D. if

3. She told us ______ story that we all forgot about the time.• A. such an interesting B. such interesting a • C. so an interesting D. a so interesting

4. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat ______ he would see me ______ waking.

A. whether; when B. that; when C. which; where D. where; when

5. It will be five years ______ we meet again.

• A. since B. until C. before D. when

6. ______ I want to see it again.

A. Very moving is the film that B. Such moving film is that

C. So moving is the film that D. So moving the film is that

7. It is ten years ______ he smoked.

• A. that                       B. when            C. since                 D. while

8. ______ he is, he will be thinking of you.

• A. Wherever             B. Where        C. Now that             D. As soon as

9. Telephone me as soon as you ______ the results.

A. will get                   B. get                     C. had got                       D. got

10. Hardly had he arrived in Hong Kong ______ she rang me up.

• A. when                 B. than              C. that                 D. and

• Translate Chinese into English by using the expressions in the brackets.

• 1. His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway. ( 因为高速公路上车辆过多所致 )

• 2. She was in an agony of indecision. （陷于犹豫不决的痛苦之中）• 3. I am not interested in solving your problems!

• Don’t involve me in your quarrel! ( 把我牵扯进你们的争吵中 )

• 4. He is a clever boy, but he is apt to be quick-tempered/ fly out in a rage. ( 极容易发脾气 )

• 5. She was barred from (entering) the competition because of her age. ( 被禁止参加比赛 )

Detailed Study

…… ……

…… Step 3 ……

Part Two: As You Teach Text A

1. Things are not going smoothly. Recently, his attention has begun to wander. (Para. 1)

Paraphrase

Things are not going quite well. Recently, his attention has begun to be inattentive.

●最近事情可不妙，他的注意力开始集中不起来。

2. Sometimes he loses his appetite and sometimes he is ravenous for food. (Para. 1)

译文：有时没有食欲，有时又贪食。 appetite   n. physical desire, esp for food or pleasure 我生病时完全没有食慾。 When I was ill I completely lost my appetite. 饭前不要吃糖以免影响食慾。 Don't spoil your appetite by eating sweets before

meals. 他毫无斗志。 (fig 比喻 ) He had no appetite for the fight.

3. The reason for these symptoms is simple. (Para. 2) 译文：这些症状的原因很简单。 symptom n. change in the body that indicates an

illness

麻疹症状呈现的疹子 the rash that is a symptom of measles

Try this ：

4. According to the psychologist, the boy’s lifestyle is the source of the problem. (Para.2)

●According to the psychologist, the boy’s lifestyle is the rooted reason of the problem. (Para.2)

Paraphrase

●在心理学家看来，孩子的生活方式是问题的根源所在。

according to prep as stated by (sb) or in (sth)

据约翰说 , 你上星期在爱丁堡。 According to John you were in Edinburgh

last week.

根据我们的记录 , 你曾入狱六次。 You've been in prison six times according

to our records. > accordingly adv.

Try this ：

5. “Feeling pressured is natural, but now many children can’t bear or deal with multiple expectations and requirements, which leads to psychological problems.” (para.2)

●“ 有压力是正常的，但现在许多孩子无法承受或不懂怎么面对多样的期望、要求，最终才导致心理问题的产生。”

“Feeling pressured is natural, but now many children can’t endure or cope with all kinds of expectations and requirements, which leads to psychological problems.”

Paraphrase

6. When he is 10, I’ll let him attend training courses for the Math Olympics. (para. 3)

译文：孩子 10 岁时，我们会让他参加数学奥林匹克比赛的培训课程。

attend   v. go regularly to (a place); be present at 他们的婚礼静悄悄的 -- 只有几个朋友参加。 They had a quiet wedding only a few friends

attended (it). 有很多人出席会议。 The meeting was well attended, ie Many people

were there.

7. To be fair, Cheng’s parents have not barred him from playing, but he has many “more important things” to do… (para. 4)

译文：公平地说，岑程的父母没有阻止他去玩，但他有许多“更为重要的”事情要做

bar sb from sth/doing sth prevent sb from using sth or from doing sth

她因年龄的关系而被禁止（参加）比赛。 She was barred from (entering) the competition

because of her age.

Try this ：

8.…as their parents push them to study and become involved in many activities in an effort to have them gain admission to a prestigious university and get a good job. (para. 5)

●… 因为孩子的父母对孩子学习严加督促，并且让孩子参与种种活动，以便将来孩子能够读名牌大学并且找到好工作。

.…as their parents force them to study and take part in many activities in an effort to have them get into an excellent university and get a good job.

Paraphrase

involve sb/sth in (doing) sth: cause sb/sth to take part in (an activity or a situation)

你解决你的问题 , 不要把我拉进去 ! Don't involve me in solving your

problems! > involved adj. involvement n [U, C].

effort (to do sth) energetic attempt; struggle 大家都夸他很努力。 His efforts were much appreciated. 真要强打着精神才能看完整部电影。 It was a real effort to stay awake through the film.

我将尽一切努力准时到达。 I will make every effort to arrive on time. > effortless adj. effortlessly adv. effortlessness n. [U]

Try this ：

9. The pressure they face is likely to lead to psychological disorders and even social problems, experts say. (para. 5)

译文：专家认为，孩子面临的压力容易导致精神不正常、情绪失控，甚至是一些社会问题。

be likely to do sth: having a tendency to do sth 健忘 ﹑ 总是粗心大意 ﹑ 动不动就发脾气 be apt to be forgetful, careless, quick-tempered, etc

我的钢笔爱漏墨水。 My pen is rather apt to leak.

Try this ：

lead to sth: have sth as its result 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。 This misprint led to great confusion.

你的工作似乎不会有什么结果。 Your work seems to be leading

nowhere, ie achieving nothing.

Try this ：

10. A survey in China showed that the time primary school students spent on homework on weekends in 2005 exceeded the rules by more than 70 percent. (para. 6)

译文：在中国进行的一份调查表明，在 2005 年，小学生在周末花在家庭作业的时间超过了规定线的 70% 多。

exceed   vt. be greater or more numerous than (esp a quantity) 价格不会超过 100 英镑。 The price will not exceed 100. 容纳的数目不得超过 200 。 The number admitted must not exceed 200. 他们的成功出乎一切预料。 Their success exceeded all expectations, ie was greater than

anyone expected.

11. Nearly half of the students surveyed attended make-up lessons over the summer holiday last year, and 57.6 percent of the students say they are agonized due to the heavy pressure of study. (para. 6)

接受调查的学生中，几乎一半的小学生在去年的暑假参加过补习班，还有 57.6% 的学生说，由于繁重的学习压力，他们的精神痛苦至极。

Nearly half of the students who are questioned attended make-up lessons over the summer holiday last year, and 57.6 percent of the students say they are painful because of the heavy pressure of study.

Paraphrase

due to sth/sb caused by sb/sth; because of sb/sth

该队的成功在很大程度上是由於她的努力。 The team's success was largely due to her

efforts.

12. What makes experts particularly concerned is that the children are in an important period of character building. (para. 7)

●让专家特别忧虑的是，孩子现在正处于一个性格的成型时期。

What makes experts particularly worried about is that the children are in an important period of mental or moral qualities building.

Paraphrase

………… Exercises

…… …… Step 4

Part Two: As You Teach Text A

1. deal with2. lead to3. involve sb/sth in (doing) sth4. make-up lessons 5. and the like6. professional titles 7. university entrance examinations

1. 面对2. 导致3. 使某人（某事物）参与某活动或陷入某情况4. 补习班5. 等等，以及诸如此类6. 专业职称7. 高考

ExercisesTranslate the following into English.

•

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