Title Shrinking Water Supply 1.__________ Peace

A false remark Water, which is essential for life, is 2.__________ nothing.

Present situation

The situation is becoming worse and worse. In many countriespeople pay as much for water in their homes as they do forelectricity. One-quarter of the world’s present population is still3.__________ in safe drinking water and proper sanitation.

Reasons

The supply of fresh water is 4.__________. Only no more than 1% ofthe planet’s water is 5.__________ for people to use.

Competition is growing fiercely for what little water is available.

The world’s population is increasing at an amazing 6.__________.

People in many 7.__________ countries throughout the world use a lotof water each day.

ResultsThe supply of water could soon become the chief threat to the social8.__________.

Measures

People should be 9.__________ of the true value of water and theformation of sensible water conservation strategies.

It is also very important to have a consensus on how best to useshared water resources for the 10.___________________ of all thecountries in the world as well as an examination of the best method forthe distribution of the world’s water.

Threatens

worth

lacking

limitedavailable

rate/speed

developed

stability

aware

sake/benefit/good

Shrinking Water Supply Poses Threat to Peace1 “Water, which is essential for life, costs nothing. On the other hand, diamonds, which are essential for nothing, cost a lot.”Unfortunately, the world has changed considerably since an 18th century economist made this remark.2 What was true over 200 years ago is certainly no longer true now. In a number of countries people pay as much for waterin their homes as they do for electricity.3 Like health, we ignore water when we have it-unless there are floods, of course. Once there is a threat to our water supply,however, water can quickly become the only thing that matters. We know only too well that, without water, there can be no life.4 The situation is now becoming so bad that environmentalists feel it many be necessary to shock the world into savingwater in a similar way to the shock caused by the oil crises in the 1970's.5 At that time, the oil crisis became such a serious threat to the lives of everyone in the developed countries that it made peopleconscious of the importance of saving oil and provided powerful encouragement for governments to look for other forms of

energy.6 The result undoubtedly was of major benefit to energy conservation.7 There is now no longer an unlimited supply of fresh water. About 97 per cent of the planet's water is seawater. Another 2percent is locked in icecaps and glaciers. There are also reserves of fresh water under the earth's surface but these are too deep for us to use economically.8 Unfortunately, competition is growing fiercely for what little water is available. It may be a matter of time before thatcompetition becomes a conflict.9 To make matters worse, the world's population is increasing so rapidly that it is expected to grow to about 8 billion in 30years-an increase of 60 per cent.10 Moreover, in many developed countries throughout the world, flush lavatories and washing machines mean the averageperson now uses 300 litres of water a day compared with 50 at the beginning of the century.11 At the other extreme, according to the World Health Organization, one quarter of the world's present population still lackssafe drinking water and proper sanitation. Most live in the southern hemisphere, where supplies of fresh water are put injeopardy through dirty industrial practices, poor irrigation and erosion.12 The social stability of the world is no longer threatened by global wars, the Cold War, . . . However, the supply of watercould soon become the chief threat to such stability. There is already evidence of this happening, especially in Africa.13 Recently the Egyptian Government threatened to destroy and dams built on the Nile if they considered the damswould  affect their supply of fresh water.14 What is required immediately is an awareness of the true value of water and the formation of sensible water conservationstrategies.15 It is also of vital importance to have a consensus on how best to use shared water resources for all the countries in the world as well as an examination of the best methods for the distribution of the world's water.

In what way can we work out a task-reading well?

4. can’t paraphrase or summarize

3.can’t change the form of the words properly

2.can’t find the detailed information

1. can’t analyze the structure of the passage

1.get the structure of the whole passage.

2. get the detailed information needed for the blanks in the diagram.

3. paraphrase /summarize some relevant information

捕捉信息

题 组织信息题

活用题1,2,3,4,6,9,10

综合信息题

概括题 5

基础题 7, 8,

所有格结构

词性转换

句子结构转换

组织信息

eg: the longer living of the people in the US

__________ longer living

Citizens’

1. 用名词所有格“ ’ ”或形容词性物主代词代替 of……

eg:The women who consumed less fat didhave lower risk of cancer .

the women consuming less fat

• The car rushed at the bridge at a/an _________

speed. (astonish)

• The postal _______ here is very unreliable. (serve)

• He was a headmaster before __________.

(retire)

• The exam was __________easy. (relative)

service

retirement

astonishing

relatively

2. 词形转换能力

1. Is it possible for the police to find

the lost boy?

Is there any ___________ that the

police will find the lost boy?

possibility

2. As far as I can remember, my friends

and I didn’t find out we were depressed

until we were in high school.

we never experienced ____________

when we were in childhood.

depression

____________between taking a gap year and going to universities:

Taking a gap year and going to university offer valuable experience

in similar ways:…

Similarities

a gradual change in the family unit.

family

a change in the proportion( 比例 ) of the nation’s workforce.

3. 句子结构转换 ：

“workforce

unit change

proportion change”

概括性原则

针对性原则

醒目性原则

综合信息题

（概括题）

1… The ministry warned that thefts and robberies inside or near banks rose rapidly, with the victims mostly women and elderly people.

targeted

avoid

Theft and robbery accounted for 80%; women and elderly people were mostly__________ for;

2 It advised people not to take large amount of cash while traveling, especially during the approaching Spring Festival season, which always witnesses a large number of crimes…….

people were advised to_________taking a large amount of cash.

3.His first hit record was “sailor” in 1946.He……after ______________his first hit record “sailor” in 1946

4. Teamwork strongly connects teacher and student

A strong _________________ between teacher and student.

tie/connection

releasing

概括性词

effects/results/consequences

reasons/causes

advice / suggestions / tips / proposals

advantages / disadvantages

differences / similarities

purpose / aim / goal

comment / assessment

异同

起因

目的

用途特征

建议

评价

feature/characteristic/function/usage

优劣

结果

逻辑关系的词汇

first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)…last but not the least

for one thing …; for another…, on (the) one hand;…on the other hand,…while…..,.

1. 列举：第一 ,第二 .

2 首先 , 其次 / 一方面 , 另一方面

besides / what's more /in addition/also / furthermore / moreover

therefore/

thus/ hence

as a result

6. 总结

3. 此外 4. 因果

5. 转折on the contrary/ but/however

/ nevertheless/ yet

in conclusion/on the whole/in all/in short/all in all/in a word/altogether

A good university can give you confidence as well as much competitive pressure and even the best university has unpopular majors;thus in today’s job-hunting society, graduates from these majors could encounter much difficulty in finding a job, let alone a good one, which means they are out of job immediately after graduation

1.the _____________ of a good university.ty

disadvantages

How about a good major? Maybe you

are studying in an ordinary university,

but your major is of great competition,

then do you still need to worry ?

A good major can ensure your future

success based on your diligence and

mastery of your major.

advantages2. the _____________ of a good major

If your major is exclusive to only several

universities, you surely will become a

scarce talent. Do not always pursue a

good university; but choosing a good

major suitable to you is wiser.

3.A good __________________ is made here

suggestion/proposal

exercise

Number of citizens aged 65 or older

2. By_______ By 2020 By 2030

39 million 51 million 65 million

3._______4. _________longer living

Baby boomers’ old-growing

5._______

6. ______unit change

8._____ family multi-generational family

7.workfoce ________ change

9. _______ to citizens aged 65 and older

10.in__________ By 2030

3.5 : 1 2 : 1

Title :1________ U.S.GrayingGraying

20102010

Causes/ Causes/ ReasonsReasons

Citizens’Citizens’

Effects/ Effects/ ResultsResults

FamilyFamily

proportionproportion

19891989

Nuclear Nuclear

workersworkers

What should we pay attention to ?

A close study of the diagram to know what the task is and to look for hints from the blanks;

A clear understanding of the material, including the topic, the main ideas of different parts;

A careful analysis of the structure of the material;

Before filling

While filling

Clear handwriting is the first step;

Correct spelling and good grammatical knowledge is the basic step;

Ability to summarize is important;

Looking around for hints is necessary;

Learning to infer and expressing in another way is a skill.

After Filling

Check closely and correct the mistakes if any .

Spelling

Single or plural form

Zero ,definite or indefinite article

the nature of words

Capital letter

2.认真分析表格，图文紧密结合，找读相关信息对号入座 , 对于较长句子善于归纳压缩 ,灵活转换句型结构3. 准确拼写，表述科学 . 答案不唯一，但必须忠实于原文

1 阅读文章 , 把握文章中心及各段大意，了解文章结构 , 关注连接词 , 有助于内在逻辑关系的理解