titration of citric acid in juice: technical notes · msds sodium hydroxide solution would normally...
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T E C H N I C A L N O T E S
Titrationofcitricacidinjuice:TechnicalNotes
IntroductionThisisafairlystandardtitrationexceptforthefollowing:
• commerciallemonjuiceisused.Thisjuiceisslightlycoloured;and
• commerciallemonjuicehasatotalacidconcentrationthatisaround1M.Thisneedsdilutionbeforeuse.
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Equipmentandmaterials• Safetyglassesandglovesfor
eachstudent
• Citricjuicesamples
• NaOHsolution(approx.0.1molL-1).
• Phenolphthaleinindicator
• Burette
• Retortstand
• Buretteclamp
• Pipette
• Pipettefiller(bulb)
• Titrationvessel(conicalflask)
• Beakers
• Funnel
• Whitetile
Riskmanagement• Thereisapossibilitythatincorrectlyusedglasswaremight
break,causingcutsorotherinjury.Withappropriateinstructionontheuseofburettes,pipettesandotherglassware,thereislowrisk.
• Fillingtheburettewhiletheburetteisplacedonabenchtopposestheriskofeyeinjurysincethesolutionsarebeingtransferredaboveeyelevel.Theburettestand(andtheburette)shouldbeplacedonthefloorwhilefilling,sothatthetopoftheburetteisbeloweye-level.
• Phenolphthaleinindicatorisflammable:keepawayfromignitionsources.Theamountsandconcentrationsofphenolphthaleinindicatorusedinthisexerciseposelowrisk.
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• Sodiumhydroxideiscorrosive.Theconcentrations(0.1M)ofsodiumhydroxideusedinthisexerciseposelowrisk.Studentsshouldweargloves,andimmediatelycleanupanyspills.
Studentsmustneverpipettebymouth:theymustalwaysusepipettefillers.
Studentsmustwearsafetyglasses/goggles.
MSDSSodiumhydroxidesolutionwouldnormallybemadeupbydissolvingsolidsodiumhydroxideindeionisedwatertogiveaverydilutesolution.ThisisatypicalMSDSforaconcentratedsodiumhydroxidesolution.<http://msds.orica.com/pdf/shess-en-cds-010-000031006701.pdf>.
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PhenolphthaleinIndicatorsolutionisavailableindifferentconcentrationsandindifferentsolvents.ThisisatypicalMSDS.<http://file.southernbiological.com/Assets/Products/Chemicals/Stains_and_Indicators-Powders/SIP13_5-Phenolphthalein/SIP13_5_MSDS_2011_Phenolphthalein.pdf>.
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SuppliersLemonjuicecanbesourcesfromanysupermarket.Forexample,thefollowingisavailablefromWoolworths:
• WoolworthsSelectLemonJuice500mL
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Sodiumhydroxide(draincleaner)canalsobesourcedfromasupermarket.Itwillbeoflowerpuritythansodiumhydroxidefromaspecialistchemicalsupplier.Sincesodiumhydroxideishydroscopic,anysodiumhydroxideshouldbestandardisedbeforeuse.
PreparationsuggestionsTheamountoftotalacidinlemonjuiceisapproximately1molL-1.Thelemonjuiceshouldbedilutedbymixing1volumeoflemonjuicewith9volumesofdeionisedwater.500mLlemonjuicewillmakeup5Lofdilutedlemonjuice.
StoragesuggestionsSodiumhydroxidesolutionshouldbefreshlymadewithinafewdaysasthesolutionwillreactwithcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Anysodiumhydroxidesolutionthathasbeenstoredformoreafewdaysshouldbere-standardisedbeforeuse.
CopyrightandCreativeCommonsThemoralrightsoftheauthors,KieranLim,EliseMeehan,JessicaSaw,PetaWhite,JohnLong,andIanBentley,havebeenassertedundertheAustralianCopyrightAct1968(Cth).Exceptinglogos,trademarksorotherthird-partycontentasindicated,thisresourceisdistributedunderaCreativeCommons‘Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike’4.0InternationalLicense.