tjc and associates structural, instrumentation, controls ... · 10 why ice? ‐because paul ... hp,...

Structural EngineeringSCADAElectrical EngineeringInstrumentation and ControlsControl Systems Programming

www.tjcaa.com

Structural Engineering • SCADA • Electrical Engineering • Instrumentation and Controls

• Control Systems Programming •

TJC and Associates Structural, Instrumentation, Controls, and

Electrical Design Services

Terry Cavanagh, S.E.and Paul Giorsetto, P.E.TJC and Associates, Inc.

Presented at RMC Water and Environment, Walnut CreekSeptember 2, 2009


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Purpose – Why We’re Here

• Lunch!• Fill you in on recent happenings at TJCAA.• Remind you what us guys have to offer.• Remind us about the things that are important to you guys.


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Why We’re Here... THE VOTE!

• Current Seismic Requirements ‐ 2• SCADA Basics – 3• Instrumentation and Control Basics ‐ 3• Electrical Basics ‐ 3• VFDs and Soft Starters ‐ 2• Standby Power ATS on controls and equipment – 1• Efficient working between RMC and TJC – 1• TJC Out of Box Thinking non‐RMC ‐ 1• Meaning of Life ‐ 4


The meaning of life:

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TJCAA – Who we are• Business Plan: we are designers in specialty

disciplines for municipal clients• Lean, efficient, experienced, with a proven record of

delivery• Oakland and Sacramento offices with

engineering and CADD support• Experience fielding full design discipline

support including process, architecture,civil, and building mechanical

• Target Markets: Agencies with specialty discipline needs... THAT’S YOU GUYS!


TJCAA Technical Staff

• Structural (STRU) Terence Cavanagh, S.E. ‐27 years

Richard Thow, S.E.– 26 years

Daisy Yu, S.E., LEED AP ‐18 years

• I&C and Electrical (ICE) Paul Giorsetto, P.E., (Electrical and Control Systems), LEED AP‐ 30 years

Elaine Tee, P.E. ‐ 10 years Eileen Nakamura, P.E. – 10years

Wenjun Ouyang, P.E. ‐ 5 years

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TJCAA Structural Design Specialists

• Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities• Reservoirs and Pump Stations• Seismic Evaluations• Buildings and Structures• Aluminum Structures


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Lessons Learned ‐ Structural

• Start Geotech early• Start Structural early• Things are bigger than they appear

– Return period of 475 years– ACI 350

• Design big pipe supports • Think spatially (horizontally and vertically)• Consider an Architect even for small jobs• Let us write your EQ, Wind and Leakage specification• Let us review your standard details for structural aspects• Deferred Submittals


Changes to Seismic Code: Increased Design Loads and Improved Detailing.

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Why ICE?‐ Because Paul didn’t like EIC!

• Instrumentation• Controls• Electrical


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ICE Basics: What’s covered

• Important Codes – How do they apply?and Standards

• Design Criteria – Define the key ICE elements

• Contract Documents – ICE Drawings and Specs• Structural Aspects – He’s got to say

something!• Lessons Learned – Avoid some pitfalls


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Important ICE Codes and Standards: Application

• National (and Local) Electrical Code (NFPA 70): Minimum requirements for safety and reliability

• Utility Guidelines: Utility (PG&E) requirements to provide service• NFPA 820: Wastewater collection and treatment hazards• California Energy Code (Title 24): Often needed to pull permits• EPA Reliability Criteria: Defines acceptable level of redundancy• NEMA Environments: e.g. NEMA 1 (general); NEMA 4X (corrosive)• Air Quality Management Districts: Permitting engines• IES: Lighting Guidelines ‐ Levels, type, application• Underwriters Laboratory: Certified level of safety

• ISA: International Society of Automation

• IEEE 519: Harmonics (from VFDs)


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Some Electrical Terminology

• Load: How much power is needed by the equipment ‐ in HP, kW, kVA, or Amps

• Three phase or single phase power (it’s a square root of 3 thing): Larger loads want to be 3 phase

• Voltage: Typically 480V, 240V, 208V, or 120V (its different than power ‐ like head vs. flow)

• Electrical Distribution: The system used to deliver electricity to each piece of powered equipment

• Energy (power over time): Used for estimating operating costs


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Electrical Design Criteria

• Written description of electrical features• Predesign: Do it early and tailor to the project needs.• At a minimum should cover:

Special Code applications: Local jurisdiction Load estimates: Total facility and each sub area Power source: Verify capacity; demarcate the work; utility service

existing equipment Standby power: Sizing; loading ‐ life safety and critical processes;

motor starting; reliability criteria; AQ; fuel Basic distribution: Utility source, standby power, reliability Physical: Equipment sizes, clearances, facility space Environmental requirements: Enclosures, HVAC, architectural Special systems: Fire, security, communications


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Electrical Contract Documents: Drawings

• Single Line Diagrams• Electrical Site Plans• Power and Lighting Plans• Control Schematics• Legends, Details• Schedules

– Fixtures, circuits,panelboards

• Riser Diagrams– Fire, security, CCTV, communication, fiber


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Single Line Diagrams

• Symmetrical three phase power (phases A, B, and C) represented with a “single line” for clarity

• Sources: utilities and generators• Process equipment (e.g. motors, mixers, heaters)

and electrical ratings (Volts and Amps, HP, or kW)• Electrical equipment (e.g. transformers, fuses, circuit

breakers) and ratings• Connections: wires, conductors, circuits, feeders, bus

duct (we have a bunch of names for the same thing)• Reflects reliability criteria – dual feeds and

redundancy

Single line diagrams provide the contractor with the overall electrical concept in a simple schematic format.

Design/build estimators can cost out an entire electrical project with a single line and site plan.


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Electrical Plans

• Environment: NEMA Areaand Classified Locations

• Locations: Motors,instruments, control points

• Resolve cross‐discipline conflicts• Verify NEC clearances and access• Lighting and receptacles layouts• Conduit and circuit routing

Plan drawings (besides locating equipment) provide needed information about where the equipment will be installed (NEMA area), circuit distances (voltage drop!), potential

conflicts, and needs of other disciplines.


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Special Systems

• Fire Alarm• Security• Data Networks• PA or Intercom• Telephone• Energy Management (Lighting, Title 24, LEEDS)

“Special” systems often have important code or permitting implications especially with

regard to life safety


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Other Sheets – “Optional”

• Schedules– Fixture– Panel boards– Conduit & circuit

• Legend and details• Schematics – old school control circuits

Depending on the type of deliverable, some of these sheets can be shifted to a designer/builder or

Contractor scope of work. The work DOES need to be done by somebody.


Electrical Contract Documents: Specifications

• Performance or functional• CSI – Division 16

(traditional)• CSI – 2004 big impacts on

ICE so check your design contract requirements

• Importance of testing• Importance of studies and

arc flash labeling

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Some I&C Terminology

• P&ID: Piping and Instrumentation Diagram; or Process andInstrumentation Diagram; or Piping and Identification Diagram; or ....

• Instruments using ISA acronyms (more later) FE/FIT = Flow Element/Flow Indicating Transmitter

• SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition• PLC: Programmable Logic Controller• RTU: Remote Telemetry Unit• I/O: Input/Outputs, Analog

or Discrete (AI, AO, DI, DO)


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I&C Design Criteria• Written description of I&C features• Predesign: Do it early and tailor to the project needs.• At a minimum should cover: Special Code applications: Local jurisdiction Process design approach: Packaged, custom, or hybrid Reliability criteria: Impact of single point control failure Tagging conventions and control standards (colors, alarm protocols,

interfaces) Client system programming preference: Contractor, in house, specialty

sub, package supplier, or engineer Define demarcation between new, existing, and package supplier

(piping, control, and power) Instrument types and preferences Environmental & control rooms: Enclosures, HVAC, architectural Control architecture: Media, platforms, protocols


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I&C Contract Documents: Drawings

• P&IDs• Control system architecture diagrams

• Panel layouts • Loop diagrams• Legend and details


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Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams• Multi‐discipline (process mechanical, HVAC, electrical, I&C)• Process flow diagram on steroids• Defines tagging and identification for equipment and

instruments• Best if it is the first thing completed on a design• All major and minor process flow streams and equipment; all

instruments; and control system• Some control logic but more often complemented by the

Process Control Narratives for SCADA control programming

The P&ID presents the entire process in schematic format.All projects benefit from early and complete P&IDs.

Often, projects require “completed” P&IDs as a 30-50%deliverable. Design/Build contracts rely on the P&IDs for

developing the scope and costs for a project.


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Control System Architecture

• Controllers• Communication Media and Protocols

• I/O interfaces• Workstations• Remote Telemetry• Interface to I/T,LAN/WAN

Control system architecture presents the global picture of the control system,

including all major components, media, and critical interfaces. Also defines

networking requirements and reflects system reliability criteria


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Other Sheets ‐ “Optional”

• Schedules:– Instruments– I/O

• Panel elevations (interior and exterior)

• Legend and details• Loop diagrams

Depending on the type of deliverable, some of these sheets can be shifted to a designer/builder or

Contractor scope of work. The work DOES need to be done by somebody.


I&C Contract Documents: Specifications

• Performance or functional• CSI (traditional) – Not defined

(Division 13, 16, or “17”)• CSI – I&C added in the 2004

revisions so big impacts on ICE. Check the design contract requirements!

• Instruments• Controller components• Control Descriptions• Importance of factory and

acceptance testing

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Lessons Learned – ICE• Clearances: It’s always bigger than expected and

remember room for installation and access• Equipment numbering standards!!• Identify the applicable Code(s) early

NFPA 820: Even HRC, storm water, and odor control Permitting generators: Air quality (BAAQMD), fuel (Fire

Marshall), noise (sensitive receptors) Consider an Architect for establishing occupancy requirements

• Detailed design: Find the “sweet spot” for alternative delivery projects (e.g. design/build)

• Manage Owner furnished equipment

TJC and Associates, Inc.

TASK DESCRIPTION SUPPLIER (E

ATON)GENERAL CONTRACTOR

CITY OF

SALEMPGE

INDEPENDENT

TESTING FIR

M

Furnish Equipment ● ●Factory Test ● (1)Shipping from factory to Salem ● ●Store equipment prior to delivery ● ●Installation Schedule ●Coordination of Electric Service ● ●Provide anchor bolts and calcs ● ●Shipping from storage to site ● ●Inspection of delivered equipment ●Unloading of equipment ●Submit Delivery Certification ●Store equipment on site ●Install Equipment ●Oversight of Installation ● ●Coordination study (4) ● (4) ●Installation testing ● (1)Submit Installation Certification ●Energization and startup ● ● ● ●Manufacturer's testing ● ●Operational Testing (2) ● (1)Post energization testing ● (1) (3)Final acceptance test ● (1)Training ●Warranty ● ●

NOTES:1. TESTING WITNESSED BY CITY2. OPERATIONAL TESTING BY

GC BUT COORDINATED ANDMONITORED BY SUPPLIER

3. TESTING FOR ALL ELECTRICALEQUIPMENT EXCEPTARC-FLASH RESISTANT GEAR

4. PGE AND SUPPLIER PROVIDESPECIFIC EQUIPMENT ANDSYSTEM DATA FORCOORDINATION STUDY

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Lessons Learned ‐ ICE• Consider directional boring for duct banks in congested areas• VFDs: Motor spec, HVAC, outdoor installations, harmonics• Fire Marshall involvement: Classified areas, hazardous or

corrosive materials, fuel systems, occupancy evaluations (fire alarms)

• Sensor selection: Turn down/rangeability, wetted materials• Coordination hardware AND software AND networks• Manage extensive electrical equipment lead

times and sequence of construction• Allow the time for QA exchange of

documents


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Flowmeter Comparison MatrixPrimary Element Rangeability Accurac

yMinimum Upstream

Minimum Downstream

Maint. Cost

Head Loss Potential Issues

OrificePlate 3:1 ± .75% 10 – 30 D 8 D Low

50% -90%

(of diff press)

Pressure sensor locations

Erosive wear Cavitation

VenturiTube 3:1 ± 1% 5 – 10 D None Low

10% (of diff press)

Cavitation a concern

Propeller (Turbine) 20:1 ± 2%

10 D Minimum

(or 5 D with

straightening vanes)

5 D Moderate

0 – 7 psi

Upstream screen required

Linearity of flow and downstream pressure affects accuracy

Cavitation a concern

Magnetic 20:1 ± .2% 5 D – 10 D 3 D Low None Improper grounding

of sensor affects accuracy

Ultrasonic(Clamp

on, Doppler)

20:1 (Dependent

on installation)

.5% to 2%

10 D – 20 D 5 D Low None

Four transducers (two sets) can improve accuracy

Proper installation critical to performance.Thickness and type of pipe lining material can affect signal


What we’re going to ask for

• Deliverables: type and schedule• Process flow diagram

• Equipment data sheets with load (HP, kW, Amps), dimensions, and weights

• Geotechnical data• Client naming and ID/tagging conventions• Reliability criteria – affects big picture electrical and controls: life

safety, redundancy, dual sources, critical loads• Physical characteristics (marine, corrosive, dusty, hot, explosive)• Define needs for future expansion• Existing facility record drawings• Project standards: CADD and specifications• Backgrounds and initial civil/mechanical layouts

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Some Helpful Websites• International Codes: www.iccsafe.org• NFPA (National Electrical Code): www.nfpa.org• International Society for Automation (ISA): www.isa.org• PG&E: www.pge.com• PG&E Wastewater Rebate Program:

http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/incentivesbyindustry/wastewater/

• PG&E Solar Rebate Programs: http://www.pge.com/mybusiness/energysavingsrebates/solar/csi/index.shtml

• SCE: www.sce.com• BAAQMD: www.baaqmd.gov• Building Energy Codes: www.bcap‐energy.org• California Energy Codes: www.energy.ca.gov/title24• US Green Building Council (LEED): www.usgbc.org• Materials Compatibility: www.coleparmer.com/techinfo/chemcomp.asp• TJC and Associates (why not): www.tjcaa.com


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What TJCAA Adds to Your Team:

• Provide multi‐discipline specific experience under one roof (can also include architectural and HVAC)

• Mentor young civil/environmental designers in working with discipline staff

• Deliver comprehensive, multi‐disciplinary proposals• Deliver comprehensive, multi‐disciplinary designs• A proven record of meeting schedules and budgets• A proven record of quality designs


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TJC and Associates Structural, Instrumentation, Controls, and Electrical

Design Services

Terry Cavanagh, S.E.and Paul Giorsetto, P.E.TJC and Associates, Inc.

Presented at RMC Water and Environment, Walnut Creek

September 2, 2009