to broadcast or not to broadcast?. how structure call-broadcast? all surveys broadcast same suite of...
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How structure call-broadcast?How structure call-broadcast?
• all surveys broadcast same suite of speciesall surveys broadcast same suite of species• 6 pre-defined suites of species6 pre-defined suites of species• all surveys broadcast 5 speciesall surveys broadcast 5 species• all surveys include 5 min of broadcastall surveys include 5 min of broadcast• 1-13 spp in broadcast, survey duration varies1-13 spp in broadcast, survey duration varies
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
AM
CO
KIRA 1 1
VIRA 1
BLRA 1
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
CO
MO
LEBI 1
VIRA 1
VIRA 1 1
11-min11-minsurveysurvey
ininLALA
9-min9-minsurveysurvey
ininMOMO
Maximize analytical capabilities of pooled data
Merge data to the extent
possible
Site
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
CO
MO
AM
CO
LA KIRA 1 1
LA VIRA 1
LA BLRA 1
MO LEBI 1
MO VIRA 1
MO VIRA 1 1
Compare first 9 min of each survey
Site
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
CO
MO
AM
CO
LA KIRA 1 1
LA VIRA 1
LA BLRA 1
MO LEBI 1
MO VIRA 1
MO VIRA 1 1
Site
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
CO
MO
AM
CO
LA KIRA 1 1
LA VIRA 1
LA BLRA 1
MO LEBI 1
MO VIRA 1
MO VIRA 1 1
Compare 8 min of similar survey effort
Site
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
CO
MO
AM
CO
LA KIRA 1 1
LA VIRA 1
LA BLRA 1
MO LEBI 1
MO VIRA 1
MO VIRA 1 1
Compare 5 min passive survey only
Detection probability may change Detection probability may change with marsh successionwith marsh succession
Detection probability may change Detection probability may change with marsh successionwith marsh succession
Detection probability may change Detection probability may change following wetland mgmt actionsfollowing wetland mgmt actions
Detection probability may change Detection probability may change following wetland mgmt actionsfollowing wetland mgmt actions
population density
plant communities
nesting stage
Detection probability likely varies spatiallyDetection probability likely varies spatiallyDetection probability likely varies spatiallyDetection probability likely varies spatially
Site
Species
Responded During:
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
CO
MO
AM
CO
LA KIRA 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
LA VIRA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
LA BLRA 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
MO LEBI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
MO VIRA 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
MO VIRA 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Capture-recapture models to estimate vocalization probability
Species
Responded During: Call T
ype
Repeat
Distance (m
)
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
AM
CO
LEBI 1 1 coo
CLRACLRA 11 11 kekkek
AMBI s
Species
Responded During: Call T
ype
Repeat
Distance (m
)
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
CO
MO
LEBI 1 1 coo
LEBILEBI 11 11 kakkak
CLRA 1 1 purr
20012001observerobserver
#1#1
20062006observerobserver
#2#2
Call types help reduce observer bias
Call types can help explain temporal Call types can help explain temporal or spatial differences in # countedor spatial differences in # counted
Call types can help explain temporal Call types can help explain temporal or spatial differences in # countedor spatial differences in # counted
Species
Responded During: Call T
ypes
Repeat
Distance (m
)
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
AM
CO
BLRA 1 1 kkrr N 80
BLRA 1 1 grr N 30
PBGR 1 owhoop N 230
observerobserver#1#1
observerobserver#2#2
Species
Responded During: Call T
ypes
Repeat
Distance (m
)
Pass 1
Pass 2
Pass 3
Pass 4
Pass 5
BL
RA
LE
BI
SO
RA
VIR
A
KIR
A
AM
CO
BLRA 1 1 kkrr Y 80
BLRA 1 1 grr Y 30
PBGR 1 owhoop Y 230
Recording repeats reduces observer bias
Was bird detected at previous point?Was bird detected at previous point? - local (50m) vs regional (400m) needs- local (50m) vs regional (400m) needs
Was bird detected at previous point?Was bird detected at previous point? - local (50m) vs regional (400m) needs- local (50m) vs regional (400m) needs
Multiple-observer surveys allow Multiple-observer surveys allow estimation of observer biasestimation of observer bias
- call type- call type- distance- distance- one line per bird- one line per bird
Multiple-observer surveys allow Multiple-observer surveys allow estimation of observer biasestimation of observer bias
- call type- call type- distance- distance- one line per bird- one line per bird
• Spp recorded at all sites Spp recorded at all sites • Spp recorded at all sites but calls not broadcastSpp recorded at all sites but calls not broadcast• Spp recorded at all sites but not 1 indiv per lineSpp recorded at all sites but not 1 indiv per line• Spp that some sites record, some do notSpp that some sites record, some do not
190 sites in 51 states/provinces190 sites in 51 states/provinces104 different broadcast sequences104 different broadcast sequences
~150,000 detections~150,000 detections3-day training workshops3-day training workshops
• Additional passive period at Additional passive period at endend• 3 counts per point per year3 counts per point per year
- variation in spp breeding dates- variation in spp breeding dates- high daily variation in detection - high daily variation in detection - many end up with 1-2 countsmany end up with 1-2 counts- still know very little about rare sppstill know very little about rare spp
• Additional passive period at Additional passive period at endend• 3 counts per point per year3 counts per point per year
- variation in spp breeding dates- variation in spp breeding dates- high daily variation in detection - high daily variation in detection - many end up with 1-2 countsmany end up with 1-2 counts- still know very little about rare sppstill know very little about rare spp
Where to place survey points?Where to place survey points?- water edge- water edge
- upland - upland edgeedge
- interior- interior
Where to place survey points?Where to place survey points?- water edge- water edge
- upland - upland edgeedge
- interior- interior
Surveying interior marshes would Surveying interior marshes would be disruptive in some regionsbe disruptive in some regions
Surveying interior marshes would Surveying interior marshes would be disruptive in some regionsbe disruptive in some regions
Record location of survey pointRecord location of survey point- water edge- water edge
- upland - upland edgeedge
- interior- interior
Record location of survey pointRecord location of survey point- water edge- water edge
- upland - upland edgeedge
- interior- interior