VOL. CLXVII . . . No. 58,015 + © 2018 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, FRIDAY, JULY 6, 2018

C M Y K Nxxx,2018-07-06,A,001,Bs-4C,E2_+

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The ban on transgender military re-cruits was lifted, but hardly any havebeen allowed to enlist. PAGE A10

NATIONAL A10-14

Transgender Recruits Stymied

Underscoring the dangers in rescuing asoccer team trapped in a flooded cave, aformer Thai Navy diver died, appar-ently running out of oxygen. PAGE A4

INTERNATIONAL A4-9

Thai Diver Dies Delivering AidA new mayor believes the diversity andhistory of the New Jersey city will bethe foundation for a revival. And theGreat Falls can’t hurt. PAGE A15

NEW YORK A15-17

Paterson Prepares for Next Act

Our critics suggest 10 great museumexhibitions to help you escape the heat.Above, MoMA’s “Snowman.” PAGE C16

WEEKEND ARTS C1-20

The Art of Staying Cool

VIENNA — Austria’s youngchancellor, Sebastian Kurz, wasonly 9 when most of Europe dis-mantled its border checkpoints.Like others of his generation, hetook for granted that he couldstudy in other European countriesand cross the Continent by railwithout his passport.

But now Mr. Kurz, 31, who tookoffice last year as part of a wave ofpopulist leaders propelled topower on anti-migration plat-forms, is among those forcing theEuropean Union to confront astark quandary: Can it maintainone of its most cherished princi-ples — open borders among itsmembers — and still provide citi-zens with a sense of security andidentity?

It is the latest in a long series ofchallenges to strain the bloc. Eu-rope has begun to understand thatthere is a growing backlashagainst the very policies, includ-ing a unified currency and openborders, that were intended todraw the people of Europe togeth-er.

Sitting in his wood-paneled of-fice on Thursday, days after a fightover resurrecting a hard borderbetween Bavaria and Austria thatalmost brought down the Germangovernment, Mr. Kurz said theonly hope of preserving border-less, visa-free travel in Europewas to get tough on the Conti-nent’s external frontiers — a stepthat raises its own practical andmoral issues.

“A Europe without internal bor-ders can only exist,” he said, “if it

Calls to CurtailMigration TestEurope’s Ideals

By STEVEN ERLANGERand KATRIN BENNHOLD

Continued on Page A6

WASHINGTON — Judge BrettM. Kavanaugh, the front-runnerto replace Justice Anthony M.Kennedy on the Supreme Court,once argued that President BillClinton could be impeached for ly-ing to his staff and misleading thepublic, a broad definition of ob-struction of justice that would bedamaging if applied to PresidentTrump in the Russia investigation.

Judge Kavanaugh’s arguments— expressed in the report of theindependent counsel, Kenneth W.Starr, which he co-wrote nearly 20years ago — have been cited in re-cent days by Republicans withreservations about him and haveraised concerns among some peo-ple close to Mr. Trump. But JudgeKavanaugh has reconsideredsome of his views since then, andthere is no evidence that theyhave derailed his candidacy.

A federal appeals judge andonetime law clerk for Justice Ken-nedy, Judge Kavanaugh, 53, is oneof only two or three candidates Mr.Trump is still considering for theopening on the court, people fa-miliar with his thinking said. Theothers are Judge Raymond M.Kethledge of the Sixth Circuit andJudge Amy Coney Barrett of theSeventh Circuit. Mr. Trump saidon Thursday that he would an-nounce his choice at 9 p.m. Mon-day, a day before leaving for Eu-rope.

“I have it down to four people,and I think of the four people, Ihave it down to three or two,” hetold reporters on Air Force One ashe flew to a rally in Montana. “I

Eye Is on JudgeWho Had Hand

In Starr ReportBy MARK LANDLERand MATT APUZZO

Continued on Page A11

SALISBURY, England — Char-lie Rowley may have been downon his luck, in and out of treatmentfor drug addiction, but he had acertain prowess as a “skip diver,”sorting through trash for the valu-ables that his better-off neighborsthrew out. He would emerge withchandeliers, toasters, laptops andtrinkets for Dawn Sturgess, his

girlfriend.“It’s like treasure hunting —

you’d find jewelry, you’d findrings,” said Josh Harris, 28, a skipdiver himself. “It was Charlie’sthing.”

And it was skip diving — whatAmericans would call dumpsterdiving — that Mr. Harris wasthinking about on Thursdaymorning, after Mr. Rowley, 45, andMs. Sturgess, 44, had become thefourth and fifth victims in a string

of poisonings with Novichok, amilitary-grade nerve agent devel-oped in the last years of the SovietUnion.

As five new sites in Salisburywere sealed off by safety person-nel, this stunned city was sweptinto a bizarre guessing game:How in the world could Ms.Sturgess and Mr. Rowley, a coupleknown, as one neighbor put it, aspart of the “sitting-on-the-bench-

British Mystery: How Nerve Agent Reached PairBy ELLEN BARRY

and RICHARD PÉREZ-PEÑA

Barricades went up at the home of Dawn Sturgess, one of the new poisoning victims in England.CHRIS J RATCLIFFE/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

Continued on Page A8

WASHINGTON — Scott Pruitt,the administrator of the Envi-ronmental Protection Agency andarchitect of President Trump’s ag-gressive effort to rewrite the gov-ernment’s rule book on envi-ronmental regulations, resignedon Thursday in the face of numer-ous ethics investigations thatdoomed his tenure.

Despite Mr. Pruitt’s efforts tonurture a close relationship withthe president, Mr. Trump himselfannounced the resignation in atweet sent from Air Force One. Hethanked Mr. Pruitt for an “out-standing job” and said the agen-cy’s deputy, Andrew Wheeler, aformer coal lobbyist, would takeover as the acting administratoron Monday.

Mr. Pruitt in his resignation let-ter cited “unrelenting attacks onme personally” as one of the rea-sons for his departure. Mr. Pruitthad been hailed by conservativesfor his zealous deregulation, buthe could not overcome a spate ofethics questions about his allegedspending abuses, first-class traveland cozy relationships with lobby-ists.

Mr. Pruitt also came under firefor enlisting aides to obtain spe-cial favors for him and his family,such as reaching out to the chiefexecutive of Chick-fil-A, Dan T.Cathy, with the intent of helpingMr. Pruitt’s wife, Marlyn, open afranchise of the restaurant.

The resignation appeared tohappen quickly.

On Wednesday, Mr. Pruitt at-

tended two Fourth of July parties,one at the White House and an-other at the Interior Department.One attendee who spent time withhim said he spent the night min-gling, shaking hands, watchingthe fireworks and showing no in-dication that he planned to stepdown. His chief of staff, RyanJackson, also gave no hint of whatwas ahead.

An individual close to Mr. Pruittsaid the president acted after hefound one particular story in re-cent days embarrassing: a reportthat Mr. Pruitt had asked Mr.Trump to fire Jeff Sessions, the at-torney general, so that Mr. Pruittcould run the Justice Department.

The idea had been discussedprivately for months by the presi-dent, who occasionally asked ad-visers if it was a good idea, accord-ing to two people familiar with thediscussions. But seeing those de-liberations being aired publicly,amid a string of other damagingreports, focused Mr. Trump’s at-

MIRED IN SCANDAL,PRUITT IS FORCEDTO EXIT E.P.A. POST

Chief Lost Favor as Professional MisstepsOvershadowed Policy Objectives

This article is by Coral Davenport,Lisa Friedman and Maggie Ha-berman.

Scott Pruitt left under fire.PETE MAROVICH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A13

Faced with a court-imposeddeadline to reunite families sepa-rated at the southwest border, fed-eral authorities are calling in vol-unteers to sort through recordsand resorting to DNA tests tomatch children with parents. Andthey acknowledged for the firsttime Thursday that of the nearly3,000 children who are still in fed-eral custody, about 100 are underthe age of 5.

The family separations, part ofan aggressive effort by the Trumpadministration to deter illegal im-migration, have produced a cha-otic scramble as officials now facepolitical and judicial pressure toreunite families.

Records linking children totheir parents have disappeared,and in some cases have been de-stroyed, according to two officials

of the Department of HomelandSecurity, leaving the authoritiesstruggling to identify connectionsbetween family members.

The effort is complicated by thefact that two federal agencies areinvolved in detaining and shelter-ing migrants, and they did not ini-tially share records with eachother. On Friday, the leadership ofthe Department of Health and Hu-man Services, which shelters thechildren and must now undertakereunifications, sent out a plea tofederal public health workers forhelp with an exhaustive manualsearch of records.

The agency said it needed toread through original documentsof all children in federal custody“to screen whether children in ourfacilities were separated fromparents.” That involved scrubbingthe documents of an estimated12,000 children to determinewhich had been separated fromtheir parents by the authorities, asopposed to arriving in the countrywithout a parent or other relative.

“HHS is requesting volunteersover the weekend to review caserecords,” said one of the emails.“Everyone here is now participat-ing in this process, including theSecretary who personally stayeduntil past midnight to assist.”

The rushed attempt to confirmidentities, locations and connec-tions makes clear what immigrantadvocates said from the begin-ning were potential pitfalls in the

Clock Ticking, Agents Rush to Reunite FamiliesBy CAITLIN DICKERSON

A Guatemalan father and son were apprehended by U.S. Border Patrol agents after crossing the border from Mexico illegally last week.JAE C. HONG/ASSOCIATED PRESS

To Match Children andParents, Testing DNAand Sifting Records

Continued on Page A12

Washington begins imposingtariffs on $34 billion in Chineseproducts, setting up a clash of thetwo largest economies. Page B1.

The Latest Volley

With tariffs driving up the priceof stainless steel, the precision-part manufacturer Accu-Swiss inOakdale, Calif., came up with aplan to save money: turn off thelights but keep the machines on.

“We are being hurt because ofthe cost increase,” said SohelSareshwala, the company’s ownerand president. To squeeze moreoutput from existing equipment,he is “running the machines in alights-out operation.” After hisregular 10-person staff leaves forthe day at 6 p.m., Mr. Sareshwalasaid, the plant is experimentingwith slowing down the machinesand letting them run unattendedfor four more hours.

For large and small businessesaround the nation, the impact oftariffs is expected to grow on Fri-day, after the Trump administra-tion placed additional duties on$34 billion of Chinese products,many used in American manufac-turing. China had said it would re-spond immediately with sanc-tions of its own.

Mr. Sareshwala is among agrowing number of importers andexporters departing from busi-ness as usual because of the gath-ering storm of trade sanctions.

The 25 percent tariff on steeland 10 percent tariff on aluminumthat President Trump first threat-ened in March and put into effectin June precipitated a string of re-taliatory tariffs from China andother trading partners includingGermany, Mexico and Canada.Mr. Trump has said that in thelong run, the tariffs will save jobsin the protected industries, andsafeguard national security.

But many businesses in othersectors, including apple growersin Washington, hog farmers inMinnesota and Harley-Davidsonin Wisconsin, are scrambling toadjust.

Last week, the potential impacton American companies wasthrust into sharp relief when Gen-eral Motors warned that a new

TARIFFS USHER INUNCERTAIN TIMES

Businesses Pull Out Stopsto Meet Disruption

By PATRICIA COHEN

Continued on Page A12

Late Edition

As Earth reaches aphelion today, we willget 7 percent less sunlight than in Janu-ary and be farther from the sun. PAGE A14

So Hot, Yet So Far AwayTech giants scored a win on the ruling,which would have restricted contentuse on platforms like YouTube. PAGE B1

Europe Rejects Copyright RulesThe script for the film “Sorry to BotherYou” flips, swerves, meanders and allbut explodes, A. O. Scott writes. PAGE C1

Race, Class and Telemarketing

It belonged to Eli Cohen, whose spyingin Syria is credited with helping Israelto a quick victory in the 1967 war, and itwas recovered by the Mossad. PAGE A9

Israel Is Abuzz Over Spy’s Watch

Exhaustive DNA studies have foundthat the dogs of European colonistscompletely replaced the ancient dogs ofthe Americas. PAGE A8

Ancient Dogs Were Wiped Out

A new poll shows financial insecurity isaltering a generation’s position onhaving children. The Upshot. PAGE B1

BUSINESS DAY B1-7

Baby Bust and Economic Jitters

Acting coaches say World Cup playerslike Neymar are overselling their the-atrical dives. PAGE B8

Chewing Scenery, and the Turf

David Brooks PAGE A21

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A20-21

In his role as a front-office consultant,Ichiro Suzuki still wears a uniform andpractices with the Mariners. PAGE B8

SPORTSFRIDAY B8-12

Suzuki’s New Job Feels Familiar

Today, heavy showers and thunder-storms, humid, high 83. Tonight,cloudy, low 65. Tomorrow, mostlysunny, low humidity, high 78.Weather map appears on Page A14.

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