tobacco production technology
TRANSCRIPT
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Presentation Topic: TOBACCO
Presented By: Aown AbbasRoll No.46Class B.Sc(HONS.)Agriculture 2013-17Presented To: Dr. Ijaz AhmadCollege of Agriculture BZU Bahadur Sub-Campus LAYYAH
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ContentNomenclatureScientific nameFamilyEnglish nameBotany.Stem , Leaves Root , FlowerMedicinal Uses.Production Technology
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Tobacco Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum Huka Tobacco : Nicotiana rustica Family: SolanaceaeEnglish Name Tobacco
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Economic importance
Tobacco is an important cash crop of Pakistan and brings in a considerable amount of foreign exchange.
It is source of employment for thousands of people who are involved with producing marketing and cigarette manufacturing.
Tobacco stem contains 0.14% of nicotine which is used as insecticides.
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Botany of tobacco
Stem
Root
Leaves
Flowers
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STEM.
. Stem erect, round, hairy, and viscid
It branches near the top and is from 3 to 6 feet high
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ROOT Tobacco is an annual plantwith a long fibrous root
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Leaves
Color pale green
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Flowers
Pale white color of flower
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HistoryOrigin
Native American of north 3000BC
The origin of tobacco production in Pakistan (formerly Hindustan ) dates to the reign of emperor Akbar .
Now a days tobacco is grown in Attack , Sialkot , Peshawar , Narwhal , Sahiwal etc.
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Medicinal Uses of TobaccoTo purify mind & heal the body.
Heal the pain of toothache.
To treat earaches
Snakebites.
Ringworms
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Medicinal Uses of TobaccoHeadaches.
Uses for breeding.
Kidney stone.
Old score cancer.
Epilepsy
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Disease of tobacco
Mouth cancer
Heart attack
Lunges cancer
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Disease of tobacco
.
Tuber culosis
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Disease of tobacco
Lip cancer
.
Asthma
.
Yellowing of teeth
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Production Technology of Tobacco
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Field Preparation4-5 Ploughing followed by planking.
After Ploughing the field is divided into small plots.
Leveling is necessary.
Then ridges are made.
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Raising of NurseryLight loam soil.
Nursery bed should be located in well drained soil close to the fresh water sources.
.
Bed should be east –west orientation.
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Transplanting of nursery Ideal time for transplanting of nursery is Nev-Dec
Transplanting is done manually by hands.
Transplanting is done in standing water.
One seedling is enough for one hill.
Nursery should be transplant in morning or evening.
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Bed sterilizationTo make the soil free from soil borne diseases sterilization is
necessary.
There are Two Method of sterilization.
Burning
Chemicals
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Time and seed rateBest time for nursery raising is oct- nov 15.
The 25 to 30 g seed is enough for raising nursery for one hactare.
Nursery should be transplanted after 2 to 3 months.
Fertilizer is given to nursery before 7-10 day of transplanting.
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Soil and ClimateTobacco needs well drained , light to medium texture soil with
ph 5 - 5-7.
The limiting factors in tobacco production are frost , early moon soon rains , wind storms hailstorms and non availability of irrigation water.
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Important varieties
KPK : Sufaid and kala patta
Punjab : Naki , calcatta , SL-78 , SL-75
Sindh : Rubaki Rustica-6
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Fertilizer application & irrigationNitrogen
The optimum dose of N is 35 kg/ha.
Phosphorus.
The optimum dose of P is 70 kg/ha.
8-10 irrigations are enough for tobacco.
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Insect and Diseases Cut worms jassid are important insect of tobacco. Diseases.
Tobacco mosaic.
Root rot.
Leaf Spot.
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Intercultural & weedingTobacco competes poorly with weeds.
So weeding is done manually.
Hoeing.
Hoeing is done to keep the soil aerated and to control weeds.
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Topping and Desuckering Topping in tobacco is the removal of terminal bud just after
the appearance of flowers head.
The Removal of suckers (forth shoots ) is known as desuckering.
Suckers could be controlled by suckericide.
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Harvesting Drying and CuringAfter maturity harvesting is done manually.
Crop is dried for 2-3 days.
Curing.Curing is a process in which dried crop is
collected and buried in a pit for 10-15 days.
Then ropes are made.
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Yield
The leaf yield of huka tobacco is 2500-3000 kg /ha.
The leaf yield of cigarette tobacco is 2000 kg/ha.
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Thank You