today’s schedule – 05/07/10 turn in supreme court case analysis 28.5 vocab check 28.5 ppt: the...
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Today’s Schedule – 05/07/10
• Turn in Supreme Court Case Analysis• 28.5 Vocab Check• 28.5 PPT: The Movement Take a New Turn• HW:– 29.3 Timeline– Study for Ch. 28 Quiz
• Warm-Up: Do you think there is a continued need for the Civil Rights Movement to exist today?
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Introduction
• Despite the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 many African Americans faced economic and social discrimination
• Began to lose patience with the slow change• Created a divide in the Civil Rights Movement– Nonviolent protest– Militant protest
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Malcolm X
• Malcolm Little was the son of a Baptist preacher in Nebraska
• His father was a follower of Marcus Garvey and often preached support of the Garvey Movement
• After Malcolm’s father died at a young age he turned to crime in face of moving around
• At the age of 20 he spent seven years in jail for burglary and while there joined the Nation of Islam
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Nation of Islam
• Group of African American Muslims– Also called Black Muslims
• Views of the organization– White society was oppressive– Black separation– Self-help
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Black Nationalism• Belief in separate identity and racial unity of
African Americans• Malcolm changed his last name to X and
became a minister for the Nation of Islam
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Opposition to Integration• Malcolm X rejected the Civil Rights Movement• He viewed it as begging of the white man• He could not understand why any African
American would want to join white society
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Change of Heart
• In 1964 Malcolm X took a pilgrimage to Mecca• He was deeply affected by join worshiping of
various races– Changed his views on separatism
• When he returned to the U.S. he began to work with whites and civil rights leaders– This created many enemies for him• In February of 1965 he was shot at a rally by a member of
the Nation of Islam
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Black Power Movement
• Stokely Carmichael rose to power in the SNCC• Became frustrated of nonviolence movement
after being repeatedly beaten during protests• Began to encourage SNCC members to carry
guns for self-defense• Worked toward making the membership of
the group entirely black• Coined the phrase “black power”
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Black Panthers
• Founded in 1966 by Bobby Steale and Huey Newton
• Wanted– US government to clean up ghettos– African Americans to create separate communities
• Often engaged in direct confrontation with authorities
• Followed the say: “power flows from the barrel of a gun”
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• “Black is Beautiful”– Phrase generated by the Black Panthers to create
racial pride
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Rioting
• De jure segregation– Segregation by law
• De facto segregation– Segregation by social conditions (i.e. poverty)
• Frustration over continued segregation despite new laws led to a series of riots– The most violent occurred in Watts, California
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Watts Riots
• August 11, 1965– Police pulled over an African American for drunk driving– The man began to resist arrest– Officers began swinging batons– A gathering crowd reacted and six days of rioting
followed • Burning cars and stores• Looting stores • 34 people died
– Set off a series of riots over the next two years with the slogan “burn, baby burn”
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Assassination of MLK
• April of 1968– Martin Luther King, Jr. is assassinated in Memphis,
Tennessee • Subsequent riots resulted in the death of 50 people
across the nation
– Initially James Earl Ray is convicted of killing MLK• He confessed and then recanted three days later
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• Other theories– In the late 1990s investigations began to look at
whether the US government was involved in MLK’s assassination • On grounds that he was communist
– It was found that the FBI had been wiretapping King– All FBI surveillance of King has been ordered sealed
in the National Archives until 2027
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Assassination of Robert Kenney• After JFK’s murder Robert had taken up his
brother’s causes– Spoke out against the Vietnam War– Reached out to minorities
• Announced his plans to run for president in 1968• At a Democratic fundrasing dinner at a hotel in LA
Robert was killed by anti-Zionist Sirhan Sirhan– Angry at Robert’s support of Israel– He is currently serving a life sentence in a CA prison
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