Yoshia Kashima (representative of

Tonga)

Edit P. Anna Paddon, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. Sept 06, 2012. Yoshia Kashima (representative of Tonga)

• The sea level is rising 15.1 mm annually along Tonga’s coast line. (2001)

• Scientists say if global warming goes on, after ten years, the sea level will rise 30.5mm a year and over 40mm a year over 20 years’.

The impact of global warming to Tonga

The impact of Global Warming "It's ironic that a culture [Mayans] so obsessed with

keeping track of celestial movements may have met

their demise because of a 206- year cycle," he said.

The cycle continues to the present, which happens to

fall into about the middle of the 206-year period,

Hodell said. Even a severe drought today, however,

isn't likely to have the same impact on the culture as in

ancient times.

Brenner noted North Korea currently is suffering an

extreme drought, but the country has the benefit of

international aid.

Global Warming Test2 -P1252719384vFGfs Sept 09 2012http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/GlobWarmTest/Q1.html

"Global Warming" is something that has been happening for a long time. The temperature of the earth has been increasing more or less continuously since the time of the cave man. Approximately 18,000 years ago the earth began a gradual process of warming up after more than 100,000 years of Ice Ages. Much of North America, Europe, and Asia lay buried beneath great sheets of glacial ice. By about 15,000 years ago the earth had warmed sufficiently to halt the advance of glaciers, and sea levels worldwide began to rise. By 8,000 years ago the land bridge across the Bering Strait was drowned, cutting off the migration of men and animals to North America. Since the end of the Ice Age, Earth's temperature has risen approximately 16 degrees F and sea levels have risen a total of 300 feet! Forests have returned where once there was only ice. From a geological perspective, global warming is the normal state of our accustomed natural world. Technically, we are in an "interglacial phase," or between ice ages. The question is not really if an ice age will return, but when. Don't panic when you hear global alarmists warning the earth may have warmed almost 1 degree in the last 200 years. Although this still hasn't yet been proven, it is in fact exactly what should be happening if everything is normal.

If Global Warming stops, then you can start worrying! It means

our warm interglacial phase is over and we may be heading into

another Ice Age! Global Warming Test2 -P1252719384vFGfs Sept 09 2012http://www.geocraft.com/WVFossils/GlobWarmTest/Q1.html

The main cause of Global Warming is orbital eccentricities of Earth and variations in the Sun's output.

THE BENEFIT OF INTERNATIONAL AID.

Tonga Can't wait for... “Milankovitch Cycles [to] shape ... Earth's elliptical orbit cycle of eccentricity,” and cause cooling to decrease ocean height as it causes increased glaciers and polar ice caps.“Sunspots and climate ... the Sporer, Maunder, and Dalton minima coincide with the colder periods of the Little Ice Age...”

Tonga Can't wait for... Atmospheric causes like a volcano to block out the sun or a energy tests waste to block the sun causing a fast freeze, cooling the earth. And, the “greenhouse effect to cause cooling. Astronomical Theory of Climate Change NOAA Paleoclimatology Program - Orbital Variations and Milankovitch T... Page 1 of 3 Changes in the "tilt" of the earth can change the severity of the seasons - more "tilt" means more severe seasons - warmer summers and colder winters; less "tilt" means less severe seasons - cooler summers and milder winters. The earth wobbles in space so that its tilt changes between about 22 and 25 degrees on a cycle of about 41,000 years.

Effect on agriculture

• Agriculture makes up 38 percent of Tonga’s GDP.

• The rise of sea level will mainly affect the southern part of Tonga where the land, below or at sea level, is the most important agricultural area.

• Tonga's main Agricultural products are squash, coconuts, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger and black pepper which are grown for export.

Map of Tonga

Effects on agriculture

• Tonga’s income from the agricultural industry comes mainly from exporting those food products

• Agricultural exports makes up two-thirds of Tonga’s total exports.

• If Tonga loses this part of land to the sea, 60 percent of the export income will be taken away.

Effect on marine life

• Also there will be a serious problem for marine life.

• The second most important product for export is fish.

• The rise of water temperature will cause the fish to leave Tonga’s economic zone to find a suitable temperature for them to live in.

• Fishermen will lose their jobs if the fish leave Tonga’s economic zone.

Effect on tourism

• Tourism is one of the industries that sustains Tonga's economy.

• Tonga is a popular holiday resort during summer, especially for Asians.

Tourists enjoy diving, seeing the coral, fishing, swimming, and all the water adventures around Tonga.

• All the events that are mentioned above will be affected by global warming.

Effect on tourism

• Especially Coral reefs will be affected by the rise of water temperature.

• If the coral are destroyed, Tonga will lose the special feature which attract tourists.

• The loss of tourists will be a heavy blow to Tonga’s economy.

To prevent the effects to agricultural

area• To prevent the effect to agricultural areas, Tonga is

planning to build breakwaters to stop the crops getting drowned in future.

• Unfortunately it requires a large amount of money to build those facilities.

• Tonga is going to appeal to developed countries to get economic aid and material support.

Prevent the rise of water temperature

Tonga does not have any means to prevent the rise of water temperature.

• Tonga depends on the developed countries which are causing the global warming to stop the rise of water temperature.

Done by Yoshia Kashima (representative of Tonga)

Our country will disappear in the next few centuries (University of

Queensland research) if the Global

warming goes on !!!!!!!!!!