tool time: keystroke level modeling
DESCRIPTION
Presented at the 2011 Usability Professionals Association Conference in AtlantaTRANSCRIPT
KEYSTROKE LEVEL MODELING
Tool Time - Usability’s Next Top Model:
Michael Rawlins, President, Connecticut UPALori Hawkins, Sr. UX Consultant, Usability.org
Jeff Sauro, measuringusability.com June, 2011
Why this topic We’re all striving towards more agility in
the development lifecycle... Shrinking budgets inspire innovative
solutions using new tools. Stakeholders need proof ‘earlier’ in the
lifecycle... KLM is an early indicator - providing
more precision in our baselining and heuristics.
2
Why explore this tool? Time to market – an increasing issue for
product development Cost of large samples no longer feasible Collaborative - even a Product Manager
can use this tool!
Level-set - The traditional lab & observation techniques are not dead... Perhaps newly augmented by leaner tools like KLM.
Proof...
4
“KLM is your Canary in the Coal mine...”
Session Goals... What this tool accomplishes. KLM’s Significance in the development
lifecycle. Where best to apply... We’ll leave a lot of time for Q&A...
5
What is KLM? Developed in 1983, KLM is a tool that
provides an estimation of keystrokes associated to data input tasks.
Best suited for modeling tasks less than five minutes to complete
Based primarily on modeling a sequence of operations (K, P, B, H, M, T, W)
6
Operations
7
Operator Characteristic Estimation
K key press and release keyboardP point the mouse to an onscreen object 1.10 seconds
B button press or release 0.10 seconds
H hand from keyboard to mouse 0.40 seconds
M mental preparation 1.20 seconds
T(n) type a string of characters (n* K seconds)
W (t) user waiting for the system to respond
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
A Business Case...
27
Booking a multi-city trip with Amtrak
28
29
30
How to Apply… Select a working prototype Identify time-to-task goals from
stakeholders Identify main goals and sub-goals Determine happy path (and analyze) Investigate other paths... Share with stakeholders “are we
directionally correct...”
Pros… forget about the stop watch! quick and extensible share task with your stakeholders
Cons... spreadsheets can be intimating changing time estimates on operators
may require some level of research
Mitigation: Composite KLM tool
33
Reference Material…
Questions…You can contact us:
Thank you…