tools for predicting weather predicting weather observation: process of watching and noting what...
TRANSCRIPT
Tools forPredicting Weather
Predicting Weather Observation: process of watching and
noting what occurs. Prediction: proposed explanation based on
reasonable observations of prior events. Forecast: predicting expected weather
trends by examining and analyzing available weather data.
Measurement: collection of quantitative data made by comparing a quantity with a standard unit. In science, the units are metric.
ThermometerA thermometer is
a weather tool used to measure the temperature, a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance.
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Wind Vane Wind is the
horizontal movement of air caused by heating from the sun and rotation of the planet.
Wind Vanes are tools used to measure wind direction.
Anemometer An anemometer is a
weather tool that measures wind speed in MPH.
Wind Chill Wind Chill refers to the additional cooling effect
resulting from wind blowing on bare skin. It is the temperature the body "feels" for a certain combination of wind and air temperature.
This is similar to Heat Index which combines air temperature and relative humidity.
Barometer Barometers are used to
measure air (barometric) pressure, or the force exerted on the Earth’s surface by overlying air.
Barometer High pressure = light
wind & clear skies Low pressure = windy &
overcast; cyclonic storms form
HygrometerA hygrometer is a
weather tool used to measure humidity, or water content of a gas.
Maritime air masses have a higher humidity than continental air masses.
Hygrometer Dew point is the
temperature to which a given volume of humid air must be cooled, at constant barometric pressure, for water vapor to condense. Condensed water is called dew.
Rain GaugeA rain gauge is a
weather tool used to collect rain.
Using measurements on the side of the rain gauge, you can see how many centimeters it rained.
Upper Level Data Surface weather data is important, but the
weather that we experience is largely due to changes that occur high in the troposphere
Meteorologists gather weather data at heights of up to 30,000 m above the surface using ceilometers (to measure cloud height), weather balloons (measure temperature, air pressure, and humidity), Doppler radar (to measure rainfall and wind speed, especially during storms, and satellite imagery (to track clouds and precipitation)